Development Map for Latin America and the Caribbean using Self-Organizing Map

Carlos Enrique Gutierrez,Sonam Tshering,Alsharif Mohammad Reza 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7

In the last years, countries like China and India stood out worldwide through their quick growth and developing processes. In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC region) countries such as Brazil and Mexico are projected as the next region to grow up. It is very interesting to see how is the developing-evolution of the 26 LAC-countries. Using a Self Organizing Map (SOM) we could see the development history for each country by analyzing, after being a SOM fed by certain indexes, what unit is activated for a certain country-year. Also, it is possible to detect different relations among the countries, grouping them in categories. Our work seeks to generate an understandable development-map of the LAC region that shows countries’ grow or retrocession. To achieve it, a database from the InterAmerican Development Bank (IDB) with 11 annual development-indexes is used to feed a 2-dimensional Kohonen’s network. The generated map could be seen as a development-picture where the countries do not have geographical relationships, but similar data characteristics.

Web Application for discovering Association Rules in Social Welfare Data Base

Carlos Enrique Gutierrez,Mohammad Reza Alsharif 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7

The current algorithms for fiding association rules are mainly batch processes. Several efforts are carried out to improve the algorithm’s performance and response’s speed. Besides that the dynamic and quick search of knowledge is becoming a necessity in the traditional Data Mining techniques. In this paper we explain step by step our web implementation of a fast asociation rules’ retrieval system in order to provide useful information to take decisions. Our system is based on the creation of temporary tables and the use of Structured Query Language “SQL” that allow a good exploitation of the database engine’s advantages. We present a simple web interface where the user chooses the attributes on which the mining algorithm will be executed.

Network Localization with Assisting Nodes

Carlos A. Gomez-Vega,Zhenyu Liu,Carlos A. Gutierrez,Andrea Conti,Moe Z. Win 한국통신학회 2021 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.2

Location awareness in wireless networks depends on propagation conditions, transmitting resources, and nodes deployment. A well designed node deployment strategy can enhance the localization performance significantly. In this paper, we present a near-optimal algorithm for deploying assisting nodes in localization networks with limited infrastructure. First, we formulate the node deployment task as an optimization problem to minimize the localization error of an agent. Then, we develop a node deployment algorithm based on this formulation. Finally, we present a case study to validate the proposed algorithm.

Poster Session : PS 0470 ; Nephrology ; Acute Toluene Intoxication: Prospective Observational Study

( Rene Rodriguez Gutierrez ),( Roberto Monreal Robles ),( Carlos R Camara Lemarroy ),( Jose G Gonzalez Gonzalez ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Toluene is one of the most widely abused inhaled drugs and dangerous metabolic abnormalities are associated to its acute intoxication. It has been previously reported that rhabdomyolysis and acute hepatorenal injury could be hallmarks of the disease, and could constitute risk factors for poor outcomes. The objective was to describe the clinical presentation, to characterize the renal and liver abnormalities, the management and prognosis associated to acute toluene intoxication. Methods: We prospectively assessed 20 patients that were admitted to a single center`s emergency department from 2007-2014 with clinical and metabolic alterations due to acute toluene intoxication. Results: Patients were severely acidotic on admission (mean pH: 7.14 ± 0.09) with a mean anion gap of 16 ± 6.9 mmol/L and mean potassium level of 2.19 mmol/L ± 1.32. The main clinical presentation consisted of weakness associated to severe hypokalemia and acidosis. Renal glomerular injury (proteinuria) was ubiquitous. Serum creatine-phosphokinase levels were elevated in 16 cases, with a mean elevation of 6 times the upper normal limit (1,544 ± 1,864 U/L). Liver function tests were normal, except for ALP, which was elevated in 15 patients. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was elevated in all patients, with a mean of 103.9 ± 66.9. Rhabdomyolysis occurred in 80% of patients, probably due to hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia. There were three deaths, all associated with altered mental status, severe acidosis, hypokalemia and acute oliguric renal failure. The causes of death were cardiac rhythm abnormalities. Conclusions: The hallmarks of acute toluene intoxication are hypokalemic paralysis and metabolic acidosis. Liver injury and rhabdomyolysis are common. Altered mental state on admission, renal failure, severe acidemia and female gender could be associated with a poor outcome, and patients with these characteristics should be treated in an intensive care unit.

Poster Session : PS 0287 ; Gastroenterology : Relevance of Creatine-Kinase and Mean Platelet Volume in Acute Pancreatitis: Prospective Observational Study

( Rene Rodriguez Gutierrez ),( Carlos R Camara Lemarroy ),( Reynaldo Lara Medrano ),( Roberto Monreal Robles ),( Emmanuel I Gonzalezmoreno ),( Miguel A Villarreal Alarcon ),( Dionicio A Galarza Delgad 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an infi ammatory lesion of the pancreas that can lead to multiorgan failure and remote tissue injury. Our objective was to fi nd the prevalence of creatine-kinase (CK) elevations and to study mean platelet volume (MPV) values in patients with AP. Methods: We carried out a prospective observational study of 41 patients with AP. Severity was classifi ed according to the revised Atlanta classifi cation. CK and MPV were assessed using standard biochemical Methods: Age and sex matched controls (1:1 ratio) were used to compare MPV values. Results: We studied 41 patients with AP. Although CK values on admission were signifi cantly higher in patients with moderately-severe/severe AP compared to patients with mild AP (59. 1 ± 41. 3 vs 105. 9 ± 85. 9, p= 0. 04), only one patient had CK levels slightly above the UNL. MPV was higher in patients with AP (8. 32 ± 1. 59 fi) compared to healthy controls (7. 13 ± 0. 7 fi). However, there was no difference in MPV between patients with mild or moderately severe-severe AP. Conclusions: In conclusion, reports of signifi cant elevations of CK in AP are mainly retrospective, of late onset, and involve patients with diverse comorbidities, severe systemic involvement and/or multiple organ failure. In our study, signifi cant elevations in muscle enzymes were very rare and not associated with injury severity. On the other hand, MPV seems to be increased in patients with AP, refi ecting a pro-thrombotic state. However, MPV does not seem to indicate disease severity. Routine CK and MPV evaluations in patients with AP would therefore seem unwarranted and of uncertain clinical signifi cance.

Relay-assisted multiuser MIMO-DQSM system for correlated fading channels

Francisco R. Castillo-Soria,Carlos Gutierrez,Fermin M. Maciel-Barboza,Viktor I. Rodriguez Abdala,Jayanta Datta 한국전자통신연구원 2024 ETRI Journal Vol.46 No.2

This paper presents the performance evaluation of an amplify-and-forward (AF) relay-assisted multiuser multiple input-multiple output (MU-MIMO) downlink transmission system for correlated fading channels. The overall system performance was improved by incorporating a double-quadrature spatial modulation (DQSM) scheme. The bit error rate (BER) performance and detection complexity of the AF-MU-MIMO-DQSM system were analyzed and com-pared with those of a conventional AF-MU-MIMO system under the same conditions and parameters. The results showed that the correlated fading channel severely affected the performance of systems with higher spectral efficiency (SE). Considering an SE of 12 bpcu/user, the AF-MU-MIMO-DQSM system yielded a gain of up to 3 dB in BER performance compared with that of its conventional counterpart for the analyzed cases. In terms of detection com-plexity, the AF-MU-MIMO-DQSM system showed a reduction of up to 56 % compared with that of the conventional system for the optimal maximum likelihood detection criterion.

Argemone species: Potential source of biofuel and high-value biological active compounds

Alejandra Anahi Martinez-Delga,Jose de Anda,Janet Maria Leon-Morales,Juan Carlos Mateos-Diaz,Antonia Gutierrez-Mora,Jose Juvencio Castaneda-Nava 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.2

The Argemone genus includes weed species of great importance in traditional medicine due to biological activities attributed to secondary metabolites, mainly alkaloids, distributed in all tissues of this species. In addition, their seeds contain a large amount of oil (30 to 40%). For this reason, several authors have discussed the potential of this species as a non-edible source to produce multi-purpose raw materials and a low cost-crop for example in the production of biofuels such as biodiesel. Argemone species grows in poor soils with low water and nutrient requirements. This makes the Argemone species an attractive economical and environmentally friendly candidate for biofuels production. Furthermore, the Argemone species can also provide high-value by-products for the agrochemical and pharmaceutical industry. In this work, we compiled the ethnomedical information, biochemical features, and biofuel production efforts that have been published by testing different Argemone species, in order to compare the research efforts and analyze its biotechnological potential. After analyzing the literature, we conclude that the genus has great potential for high-value pharmaceutical products and energy production purposes, and also to control plant pests. We also consider that other species of the genus may have also potential applications in this field.

Minimally Invasive versus Open Surgery for Spinal Metastasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hinojosa-Gonzalez David Eugenio,Roblesgil-Medrano Andres,Villarreal-Espinosa Juan Bernardo,Tellez-Garcia Eduardo,Bueno-Gutierrez Luis Carlos,Rodriguez-Barreda Jose Ramon,Flores-Villalba Eduardo,Martin 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.4

Bones are the third most common location for solid tumor metastasis affecting up to 10% of patients with solid tumors. When the spine is involved, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae are frequently affected. Access to spinal lesions can be through minimally invasive surgery (MIS) or traditional open surgery (OS). This study aims to determine which method provides an advantage. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Inventory for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines, a systematic review was conducted to identify studies that compare MIS with OS in patients with spinal metastatic disease. Data were analyzed using Review Manager ver. 5.3 (RevMan; Cochrane, London, UK). Ten studies were included. Operative time was similar among groups at -35.23 minutes (95% confidence interval [CI], -73.36 to 2.91 minutes; <i>p</i>=0.07). Intraoperative bleeding was lower in MIS at -562.59 mL (95% CI, -776.97 to -348.20 mL; <i>p</i><0.00001). OS procedures had higher odds of requiring blood transfusions at 0.26 (95% CI, 0.15 to 0.45; <i>p</i><0.00001). Both approaches instrumented similar numbers of levels at -0.05 levels (95% CI, -0.75 to 0.66 levels; <i>p</i>=0.89). We observed a decreased need for postoperative bed rest at -1.60 days (95% CI, -2.46 to -0.74 days; <i>p</i>=0.0003), a shorter length of stay at -3.08 days (95% CI, -4.50 to -1.66 days; <i>p</i>=0.001), and decreased odds of complications at 0.60 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.96; <i>p</i>=0.03) in the MIS group. Both approaches revealed similar reintervention rates at 0.65 (95% CI, 0.15 to 2.84; <i>p</i>=0.57), effective rates of reducing metastasis-related pain at -0.74 (95% CI, -2.41 to 0.94; <i>p</i>=0.39), and comparable scores of the Tokuhashi scale at -0.52 (95% CI, -2.08 to 1.05; <i>p</i>=0.41), Frankel scale at 1.00 (95% CI, 0.60 to 1.68; <i>p</i>=1.0), and American Spinal Injury Association Scale at 0.53 (95% CI, 0.21 to 1.37; <i>p</i>=0.19). MIS appears to provide advantages over OS. Larger and prospective studies should fully detail the role of MIS as a treatment for spine metastasis.

Performance of ChatGPT, Bard, Claude, and Bing on the Peruvian National Licensing Medical Examination: a cross-sectional study

Betzy Clariza Torres-Zegarra,Wagner Rios-Garcia,Alvaro Micael Ñaña-Cordova,Karen Fatima Arteaga-Cisneros,Xiomara Cristina Benavente Chalco,Marina Atena Bustamante Ordoñez,Carlos Jesus Gutierrez Rios,C 한국보건의료인국가시험원 2023 보건의료교육평가 Vol.20 No.-

Purpose We aimed to describe the performance and evaluate the educational value of justifications provided by artificial intelligence chatbots, including GPT-3.5, GPT-4, Bard, Claude, and Bing, on the Peruvian National Medical Licensing Examination (P-NLME). Methods This was a cross-sectional analytical study. On July 25, 2023, each multiple-choice question (MCQ) from the P-NLME was entered into each chatbot (GPT-3, GPT-4, Bing, Bard, and Claude) 3 times. Then, 4 medical educators categorized the MCQs in terms of medical area, item type, and whether the MCQ required Peru-specific knowledge. They assessed the educational value of the justifications from the 2 top performers (GPT-4 and Bing). Results GPT-4 scored 86.7% and Bing scored 82.2%, followed by Bard and Claude, and the historical performance of Peruvian examinees was 55%. Among the factors associated with correct answers, only MCQs that required Peru-specific knowledge had lower odds (odds ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.09–0.61), whereas the remaining factors showed no associations. In assessing the educational value of justifications provided by GPT-4 and Bing, neither showed any significant differences in certainty, usefulness, or potential use in the classroom. Conclusion Among chatbots, GPT-4 and Bing were the top performers, with Bing performing better at Peru-specific MCQs. Moreover, the educational value of justifications provided by the GPT-4 and Bing could be deemed appropriate. However, it is essential to start addressing the educational value of these chatbots, rather than merely their performance on examinations.