http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
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옥철영 울산대학교 1992 공학연구논문집 Vol.23 No.1
변환방식의 기계번역은 변환사전에서 제공하는 정보의 종류와 그의 정밀성에 따라서 변환과정의 복잡도와 번역의 질이 결정된다. 사람에 의한 번역은 양국어 사전에서 제공하는 구절 중심의 번역정보를 이용함으로써, 그 번역의 결과는 정확하고 자연스럽다. 본 논문에서는 양국어 사전에서 제공하는 구절 중심의 여러가지 번역정보들을, 한영기계번역시스템이 이용할 수 있는 형태의 동사 변환사전을 제안하였다. 제안된 변환사전에서는 첫째로, 구절 중심의 번역에서 동사의 역어가 선택되는 기준을 제공하여, 변환과정에서 추가적인 의미해석없이도 역어를 효과적으로 선택할 수 있도록 하였다. 둘째로 동사의 역어가 취하는 구체적인 구문구조를 제공하여, 여러 단계의 구조변환의 복잡도를 줄이면서도 두 언어간의 표현방식의 차이점을 해결할 수 있게 하였다. In a transfer machine translation, transfer dictionary decides the complexity of transfer phase and the quality of translation according to the types and precision of information supplied in the dictionary. Using the phrasal level translated information within human readable dictionary, human being translates a source sentence to the corresponded target sentence correctly and naturally. This paper represents a verb transfer dictionary in which the various information is constructed so the machine readable format that the Korean-to-English machine translation system can utilize them. The dictionary first provides the criteria by which an appropriate target verb is selected in phrase-to-phrase translation without additional semantic analysis in transfer phase. Second, the dictionary provides the concrete sentence structure of a target verb to resolve the expressive gaps between two languages and reduce the complexity of the various structure transfer in word-to-word translation.
전옥철,김윤준,류범영,최재곤,조병욱,홍진후 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 1999 生産技術硏究 Vol.21 No.1
A series of wholly aromatic polyesters with side chains were synthesized by solution polycondensation from 2,5-dialkoxyterephthaloyl chlorides with the corresponding diol. The polymers showed the schlieren textures which is indicative of a nematic phase above their melting temperature. The inherent viscosities (η_(inh)) measured at 35℃ in phenol/p-chlorophenol/1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane were 0.56-0.98 dℓ/g. The glass transition temperature (T_(g)) and melting temperature (T_(m)) decreased with increasing the length of the alkoxy side chain. Initial decomposition temperatures in TGA occurred at 338 ~ 363℃ in N₂ gas and thermal stability of polymers decreased with increasing the length of the side chain.
삼각측량 시스템을 이용한 물체의 3-D 정보추출 관한 연구
이호영,김국세,문정환,이철승,방극인,박영옥 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2002 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.5 No.2
The 3-D shape use to effect of movie, animation, industrial design, medical treatment service, education, engineering etc... But it is not easy to make 3-D shape from the information of 2-D image. There are two methods in restoring 3-D video image through 2-D image; First the method of using a laser; Second, the method of acquiring 3-D image through stereo vision. Instead of doing two methods with many difficulties, I study the method of simple 3-D image in this research paper. We present here a simple and efficient method, called direct calibration, which does not require any equations at all. The direct calibration procedure builds a lookup table(LUT) linking image and 3-D coordinates by a real 3-D triangulation system. The LUT is built by measuring the image coordinates of a grid of known 3-D points, and recording both image and world coordinates for each point; the depth values of all other visible points are obtained by interpolation.
김철훈,임두영,황인성,손홍규,최돈옥 大韓小兒齒科學會 1982 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.9 No.1
This is a case report of difficult eruption of succeeding permanent tooth by periapical inflammation of primary tooth. 12-year-8-month-old girl who had been treated by pulpotomy of lower right second primary molar about 4 years ago was recalled for prolonged retention of it. Radiographs showed periapical inflammation of lower right second primary molar and horizontal buccal impaction of succeeding permanent tooth. Right second premolar seemed impossible to erupt so surgical extraction of it was done with removal of lower right second primary molar and resin space maintainer was manipulated for prevention of space closure and elongation of opposing tooth.
고옥현,강형룡,유진철,김경수,홍석순,김영수,황화영,하재천 조선대학교 약학연구소 1992 藥學硏究誌 Vol.14 No.1
7β[5-(Substituted) phenyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]acetamidocephalospranic acid, 7β-(5-Diphnenyl-methyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl) acetamidocephalosporanic acid and 7β-[5-(Substituted)-4-phenyl-1.2.4-triazol2-yl]thioacetamidocephalosporanic acid were synthesized and tested in vitro antimicrobial activity. These compounds exhibited good antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria whereas most compounds showed decreased antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria
교육대학원에 있어서 초등 과학교육 영역의 중요성과 그 운영방안
오진태,옥치율,한영욱,이형철,김용권,임채성 釜山敎育大學校 1994 부산교육대학 논문집 Vol.30 No.1
The future society is expected to be rapidly change in all areas, that is, the length of change time is becoming much smaller than that of generation time. It is very important to prepare the citizens who possess scientific literacy which actively cope with the rapid changes and specialization of society. The sources of rapid changes may be due to the developments in science and technology. Therefore, the importance of science education will be increasingly high. Scientific literacy should be improved basically and systematically from the early stages of formal education. Teachers who are responsible to educate children should be able to research in the areas of science education as well as science itself, and to have capacity to transmit them to the classroom. To do this, the graduate course and the science education within the system beyond the level of college education are essential parts of teacher education. In the graduate course, it is important that science itself and pedagogy of science should be balanced.
崔周鎬,李喆浩,高永玉 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1999 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.12 No.-
1997년 4월부터 12월까지 진주산업대학교 학생실습포장에서 목화 0개 품종을 이면교배하여 얻은 F_1, F_2 45개 조합을 재료로 생육형질의 교배집단에 따른 잡종강세정도를 산출한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 개화일수에서 F_1은 5.12%, F2세대에서는 0.67%, 개면일수에서는 F_1은 0.29%로 강세를 보였으나, F_2에서는 -0.43%로 낮았으며, 개화수는 F_1은 -1.64% F_2는 -0.98%로 부의 강세를 나타냈다. 2. 초장의 F_1은 1.58%, F_2세대에는 5.12%, 절간장에서는 F_1은 10.14%, F_2세대에서는 3.05%의 강세를 보였으나, 결과지수에서는 F_1은 -0.69%, F_2세대에서는 2.22%로 상반된 강세를 나타내었으며, 경직경은 F_1은 3.39%, F_2세대에서는 2.28%로 높은 강세를 보였다. 3. 삭장에서는 F_1은 1.15%, F_2세대에서는 1.96%로 유의한 강세를 보였으며, 삭폭의 F_1은 1.3%, F_2에서는 -2.00%로 상반된 강세를 보였다. 4. 주당전경중에서는 F_1은 -0.50%, F_에서는 -1.13%, 주당근중의 F_1은 -2.53%, F_에서는 -6.76%로 부의 유사한 강세를 나타내었다. For this study, 45 combinations of F1 and F2 generations were bred from 10 varieties of cotton through diallel cross during the period from April to December, 1997. The heterosis effects were analyzed with the following results: 1. Days to flowering showed 5.12% heterosis in F1 generation, and 0.67% in F2; days to maturity, 0.29% in F1, but -043% in F2; number of flowerings per plant, -1.64% in F1 and -0.98% in F2. 2. Plant height showed 1.58% heterosis in F1 and 5.12% in F2; internode length, 10.14% in F1 and 3.05% in F2; number of fruiting branches, -0.69% in F1, but 2.22% in F2; stalk diameter, 3.39% in F1 and 2.28% in F2. 3. Boll length showed 1.15% heterosis in F1 and 1.96% in F2; boll width, 1.3% in F1, but -2.00% in F2. 4. Total weight per plant showed -0.50% heterosis in F1 and -1.13% in F2; root weight per plant, -2.53% in F1 and -6.76% in F2.
방사선조사된 가토에서 어비윰야그 레이저를 이용한 조사시 수분유무가 골에 미치는 효과
최영옥 ( Young Ok Choi ),허영철 ( Young Cheol Hur ),정태영 ( Tae Young Chung ),이준길 ( Joon Gil Lee ),조경안 ( Kyung Ahn Cho ),이철우 ( Cheol Woo Lee ),김수흥 ( Soo Heung Kim ),안영재 ( Young Jae Ahn ),오선영 ( Seon Young Oh ) 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2003 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.27 No.2
방사선조사된 가토에서 어비윰야그 레이저를 이용한 조사시 수분유무가 골에 미치는 효과
최영옥 ( Young Ok Choi ) , 허영철 ( Young Cheol Hur ) , 정태영 ( Tae Young Chung ) , 이준길 ( Joon Gil Lee ) , 조경안 ( Kyung Ahn Cho ) , 이철우 ( Cheol Woo Lee ) , 김수흥 ( Soo Heung Kim ) , 안영재 ( Young Jae Ahn ) , 오선영 ( 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2003 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.27 No.2
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( Cheol-kyu Park ),( Joon-young Yoon ),( Ji-eun Kim ),( Min-seok Kim ),( Bo-geon Koh ),( Ha-young Park ),( Tae-ok Kim ),( Hong-joon Shin ),( Yong-soo Kwon ),( In-jae Oh ),( Yu-il Kim ),( Sung-chul Lim 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-
Background: Existing criteria for response assessment (RECIST v1.1) have limitations in differentiating categories of disease progression upon immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment: primary resistance, pseudoprogression or hyperprogression (HPD). This study was aimed to investigate a real-world feasibility of pre- and on-treatment tumor kinetics for ICIs-specific response assessment in NSCLC. Methods: We retrospectively recruited stage III/IV NSCLC patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy after failure of first-line platinum-doublet chemotherapy (n=91) between June 2016 and October 2018. We analyzed tumor kinetics prior and upon ICI treatment using ratio of tumor growth rate (TGR ratio, TGRR), tumor growth kinetics (TGK ratio, TGK<sub>R</sub>) and difference in TGR (delta TGR, ΔTGR), respectively. HPD was defined as TGRR ≥2, TGK<sub>R</sub> ≥2 and ΔTGR >50%. Results: After excluding 18 patients without CT scan after start of ICIs, 73 patients were enrolled. Overall response rate by RECIST v1.1 was 16.4% (12/73) and disease control rate was 62% (45/73). HPD patients was 12% (9/73) and 15% (11/73) when defined by TGRR and TGK<sub>R</sub>, respectively. There was no HPD patients defined by ΔTGR. HPD patients classified by each criterion were associated with shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) according to iRECIST (TGRR ≥2, 1.6 vs 2.1 months, p<0.001; TGK<sub>R</sub> ≥2, 1.6 vs 2.1 months, p<0.001) and median overall survival (OS) than non-HPD-PD patients (TGRR ≥2, 2.4 vs 5.2 months, p=0.002; TGK<sub>R</sub> ≥2, 2.4 vs 5.2 months, p=0.002). There was no pseudoprogression in patients classified as HPD. Conclusion: HPD defined by pre- and on-treatment tumor kinetics was observed in 12-15% of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with second-line ICI monotherapy, and correlated with shorter PFS and OS. TGR and TGK could classify HPD patients from non-HPD PD with similar discriminability. Further studies are needed to investigate clinical and molecular determinants that distinguish HPD from non-HPD PD and pseuoprogression.