Carcass Traits and Their Relationships in Hanwoo (Korean Native) Steers

Baik, D. H.,Hoque, M. A.,Park, H. K.,Chung, Y. H. 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.5

이 연구는 한우에 있어서 몇 가지 도체형질의 특성을 파악하고 각 형질들 간의 관계를 추정하기 위하여 수행되었다. 도체중, 등지방두께, 살코기 비율(meat %), 뼈 비율(bone %), 근내지방% 및 배장근단면적의 평균치는 각각 300.27㎏, 9.23㎜, 58.99%, 12.92%, 28.08% 및 74.00㎠ 이었다. 숙성 전 (pH_B) 및 숙성 후 (pH_A)의 산도와 조리손실(숙성 전 및 숙성 후)은 각각 5.32, 5.60, 16.43 및 19.21 이었다. 근육의 평점과 지방색은 3.67 및 3.17을 나타내었다. 배장근 단면적과 육량등급은 도체중, 적육% 및 뼈%와 극히 미약한 正의 상관이 존재하는 반면에 근내 지방도와는 負의 상관을 보였다. 등지방두께는 도체중 및 적육량과 正의 상관이었으나 뼈의 % 및 근내지방 %와는 負의 상관을 나타내었다. 酸度는 調理 損失과 숙성전후에 관계없이 負의 상관을 보였다. This experiment was prosecuted to estimate the carcass traits and their relationships in Hanwoo steers. The mean carcass weight(CWT), back fat thickness (BFT), meat, bone, intra- muscular fat (IMF) and eye muscle are (EMA) of steers were 300.27 ㎏, 9.23 ㎜, 58.99%, 12.92%, 28.08% and 74.00 ㎠, respectively. The pH_B(before aging), pH_A(after aging), cook loss before aging(CL_B) and cook loss after aging (CL_A) were 5.32, 5.60, 16.43% and 19.21%, respectively. It was also found that the MS and FC were 3.67 and 3.17, respectively. The EMA and quantity index (QIX) were positively correlate with CWT, meat% and bone% but negatively correlated with IMF%. The BFT was positively correlated with CWT and meat% but negatively correlated with bone% and IMF%. The pH (both before and after aging) was negatively correlated with CL (both before and after aging), water loss during freezing (WLF) and FC. The muscle score(MS) was negatively correlated with CL but positively correlated with WLF and FC. The ARM, HRD, CHW and CTM increased with the increasing of fat% and sharply decreased with the increasing of meat% in the carcass.

Macrophage M1/M2 regulation by plasma activated NO-WATER

C B LEE,M H KANG,S S JEON,H S UHM,K U BAIK 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8

유효 구동력 개념을 이용한 고상 비정질화 반응의 예측에 관한 연구

곽준섭(J. S. Kwak),지응준(E. J. Chi),최정동(J. D. Choi),박상욱(S. W. Park),소명기(M. K. So),이성만(S. M. Lee),백홍구(H. K. Baik) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1993 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.2 No.1

이원계 박막확산쌍에서 열처리 방법에 의한 고상 비정질화 반응의 경향성을 예측하기 위하여 유효 구동력 개념을 제시하였다. 고상 비정질화 반응은 두 원소의 물리적 혼합물과 비정질상간의 최대 자유에너지차로 주어지는 열역학적 구동력(ΔG_(max))과 확산원소의 원자반경에 대한 기지의 유효 침입형자리 반경의 비로 주어지는 구조적 요소(R_(m/d))가 충족될 때 일어나는 빠른 확산에 의하여 발생된다고 고찰하고, 유효 구동력 기준을 이용하여 금속/금속계 뿐만아니라 금속/실리콘 계의 고상반응에 의한 비정질상 생성 경향성을 예측하고 실험결과들과 비교하여 잘 적용됨을 보였다. 또한, 유효 구동력 기준이 금속/실리콘 계에서 비정질상의 임계 성장두께 경향성의 예측에도 잘 적용됨을 보였다. It is proposed that formation and growth of amorphous interlayer through solid state amorphizing reaction can be predicted by the concept of effective driving force. The effective driving force consists of two factors; i) the thermodynamic driving force given by maximum free energy difference between physical mixture of binary elements and amorphous interlayer (ΔG_(max)) and ii) the structural factor given by a ratio between effective radius of interstitial site in host matrix and atomic radius of diffusing species (R_(m/d)). It is shown that the the criterion of effective driving force is successfully applied in the prediction of the formation of amorphous interlayer in metal/silicon systems as well as that of metal/metal systems from the comparison of experimental data. In addition, the concept of effective driving force can be well applied to predict the growth tendency of amorphous interlayer in metal/silicon systems.

Ag-Pd-In 삼원계합금의 시효처리에 따른 기계적 성질변화와 미세상의 석출거동

백홍구,도정만,정호년,김명호,김경남 大韓齒科器材學會 1995 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.22 No.1

The effects of aging on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a 75wt.%Ag-25wt.%Pd alloy with various indium additions were studied. Tensile strength and hardness of the alloy increased with increasing aging temperature and time in the temperature range of 350 to 450℃. Similar trends were observed with increasing amount of In addition and precipitated InPd₃phase. Such features indicated that the alloy system considered in the study was age hardenable. In₂O₃oxide layers were observed to form at the outer surface of the specimen during heat treatment procedure. Based on the experimental observation, cracks were observed to form outer surface of the specimen followed by crack propagation along the grain boundary of the matrix, resulting in some decrease in the tensile strength.

75wt.%Ag-25wt.%Pd합금의 Zr첨가에 따른 미세조직변화와 기계적성질에 관한 연구

백홍구,김혜성,김명호,정호년,김경남 大韓齒科器材學會 1995 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The effects of Zr addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of 75wt.%Ag-25wt.%Pd alloy was studied. Grain size of the alloy was diminished with increasing amount of Zr addition, and it was notable when 0.2wt.% of Zr was added. when 0.6wt.% of Zr was added, coarse Pd₃Zr intermetallic compound(hexagonal, ??, ??) was precipitated in the matrix, and fine Pd₂Zr intermetallic compound(body centered tetragonal, ??, ??) could be seen by aging treatment at 450℃. Ultimate tensile strength of the alloy was increased with decreasing grain size until 0.2 wt.% Zr addition, but when an excess of Zr was added, ultimate tensile strength of the alloy was somewhat diminished despite of decreasing grain size. So, we concluded that the grain size of the 75wt.%Ag-25Wt.%Pd alloy was diminished by the Zr addition and mechanical properties were increased with decreasing grain size, and the optimum amount needed for hardening was 0.2 wt.%.

전단형 가속도센서에 사용되는 압전재료 개발

윤만순,임종인,김선욱,백성기,장세주 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1991 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.2 No.1

진단형 가속도센서에 사용될 수 있는 Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)계의 압전세라믹스를 제조하였다. 연구된 조성중 La^(+3),Nb^(+5)가 첨가된 조성이 가장 우수한 d_(15),K_(15)값을 갖고 있었으며 La^(+3)첨가에 의하여 상경계는 능면체정계로 이동하였다. Piezoelectric ceramics of Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3) system were fabricated and used for shear type accelerometer. Among compositions studied , La^(+3) and Nb^(+5) doped composition showed the highest d_(15), and K_(15) and the morphotropic phase boundary (M.P.B) was shifted toward rhombohedral site.

Effect of Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors Other Then Disease on Kid Survivability in Goat

Miah, S. G.,Husain, M. S.,Hoque, D. A.,Baik, D. H. 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.3

이 연구는 벵갈 종과 그 교잡종 산양의 번식에 있어서 생시부터 90일령 까지의 생존율에 영향을 미치는 유전적 및 비 유전적인 요인을 규명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 분석에 이용된 모델은 지역, 교배조합, 자양의 성, 출생시 산자형태(1두, 2두, 3두 및 4두), 출생계절(여름 3월∼6월; 우기 7월∼10월; 및 겨울 11월∼2월), 출생연도와 2요인 상호작용의 효과를 포함하였다. 교잡종에 비하여 순종의 생존율은 31일령과 90일령 사이에 현저히 낮은 것으로 유의성(p<0.05)을 나타냈다. 생존율에 대한 지역의 효과는 16∼60일령 기간을 제외하고는 통계적으로 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 생존율에 대한 성의 효과는 초기 0∼7일령의 기간을 제외하고는 모두 통계적 유의성이 인정되었다. 생존율은 여름에 출생한 것이 가장 높았고 겨울과 우기(rainy season)의 순서로 나타났다. 16일령부터 60일령 사이의 자양의 생존율은 어미의 비유량에 의하여 영향을 받는 것으로 (p<0.05) 나타났고, 400∼600g/day 의 비유량인 경우에 생존율이 가장 높았던 반면 비유량이 80∼200g/day인 어미의 자양이 가장 낮은 생존율을 보였다. 생시체중은 90일령 까지의 모든 성장단계에서 자양의 생존율에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인이었다. 생존율은 모양의 비유량과 그리고 자양의 생시체중과 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 성과 생산지역간 (p<0.01) 또는 성과 출생시 산자형태간(p<0.05)의 상호작용은 통계적 유의성이 있었던 반면에 성과 유전적 그룹간의 상호작용은 유의성이 없었다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the genetic and non-genetic factors affecting kid survivability in goats from birth to 90 days of age. The purebreds had lower survivability than the crossbreds, with significant (p<0.05) difference amongst themselvess for the age of 31 to 90 days. The locational effect on survivability was insignificant for all the periods except 16 to 60 days (p<0.05) of age. The sex and birth type also had significant (p<0.05) effect on survivability for all the periods except 0 to 7 days of age. The survivability was found to be significantly (p<0.05) higher for kids born in summer season followed by those born in winter and rainy season. Milk produced by the does were significantly (p<0.05) affected on the survivability of kids during the period from 16 to 60 days of age. The survivability of kids were highest and lowest having milk yield of doe found to be 400∼600 g/day and 80∼200 g/day, respectively. Birth weight had significant (p<0.05) effect on survivability for all the stages of growth up to 90 days of age. Survivability was positively correlated with does' milk yield as well as kids birth weight. Interactions of sex with location or birth type were significant (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) though interaction between sex and genetic group was insignificant.

75wt.% Ag-25wt.% Pd 합금의 Ta첨가에 따른 미세조직변화와 기계적성질에 관한 연구

정호년,김명호,백승호,김경남,백홍구 대한치과기재학회 1996 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.23 No.1

In study, mechanical properties and microstructures of 75wt.%Ag-25wt.Pd alloys with different amount of Ta additions from 0.1 to 1.0wt.% are investigated. With increasing Ta content grain size is reduced and tensile strength is increased. When 0.2wt.% Ta is added, reduction of the grain size is remarkable, and maximum tensile strength is achieved. With 0.6wt.% addition of Ta, fine primary crystals are found at the grain boundary after casting and tensile strength is slightly decreased. There is no significant microstructual changes at all heat treatment conditions. TEM, EPMA, and XRD analysis reveal that fine primary crystals are Pd₃Ta with tetragonal crystal structure. No apparent change of tensile strength is observed with different heat treatments. Experimental results shows that Ta intermetallic particles formed in the melt of Ag-Pd alloy act as nucleation sites for solidification which results in the grain refinement. Addition of Ta more than 0.6wt.% reduces the tensile strength of the alloy by forming coarse Pd₃Ta in the melt. The Optimum amount of Ta addition on Ag-Pd alloy is 0.2wt.%, which reduce grain size about 42% and improve tensile strength up to 20% in comparison with Ag-Pd binary alloy without Ta.

Anisotropic Conductivity of n-type a-plane GaN films grown on r-plane Sapphire Substrates

J.B. Kim,K.H. Baik,J.S. Son,S.-K. Hong,T.G. Kim,S.M. Hwang 대한전자공학회 2010 ICEIC:International Conference on Electronics, Inf Vol.1 No.1

We investigated the electrical properties of Ti/Al/Ni/Au Ohmic contacts and the anisotropic conductivity of ntype a-plane (11-20) GaN grown on r-plane (1-102) sapphire substrates. The Ohmic contacts and sheet resistances were measured on several wafers using transfer length method (TLM) as a function of azimuthal angles. The best specific contact resistance of 4.34×10?? Ohmㆍ㎠ was achieved after annealing at 900℃. It was found that there was significant electrical anisotropy in a-plane GaN films on r-plane sapphire substrates, and the sheet resistance varied with azimuthal angles. The sheet resistance values in the direction parallel to the m-axis [1-100] are 25%~75% lower than those parallel to the c-axis [0001] directions. Thus, basal stacking faults (BSFs) are offered as a feasible source of the anisotropic mobility in faulted heteroepitaxial a-plane GaN films because of the band-edge discontinuities at the interface between BSFs and wurtzite GaN matrix.

公衆利用施設에 對한 室內環境 調査에 關한 硏究

金基璟,柳貴鉉,白銀子,尹明照,金永煥 국립보건연구원 1989 국립보건원보 Vol.26 No.