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Byun, Woong Sub,Jin, Minkyung,Yu, Jinha,Kim, Won Kyung,Song, Jayoung,Chung, Hwa-Jin,Jeong, Lak Shin,Lee, Sang Kook Elsevier 2018 Biochemical pharmacology Vol.158 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common disease in men over age 50, and its prevalence rate has been gradually increasing since 1980. Taxane-derived anticancer agents are the primary agents used to treat metastatic prostate cancer patients; however, the side effects and acquired drug resistance limit the success of these therapies. Because there is no specific treatment for paclitaxel-resistant prostate cancer, it is necessary to develop new targets and therapeutic strategies to overcome the acquired resistance. In this study, the antitumor activity of a novel selenonucleoside (4′-selenofuranosyl-2,6-dichloropurine, LJ-2618), a third-generation nucleoside, and its plausible mechanisms of action in paclitaxel-resistant prostate cancer (PC-3-Pa) cells were investigated. The established PC-3-Pa cells exhibited over 100-fold resistance against paclitaxel compared to the paclitaxel-sensitive PC-3 cells. LJ-2618, however, effectively inhibited the proliferation of both cell lines with similar IC<SUB>50</SUB> values <I>in vitro</I>. In PC-3-Pa cells, the activated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was suppressed by LJ-2618 treatment. In addition, Skp2 was found to be over-expressed in paclitaxel-resistant cells, and the transfection of Skp2 siRNA recovered the sensitivity of paclitaxel in PC-3-Pa cells. Furthermore, LJ-2618 significantly down-regulated Skp2 expression in PC-3-Pa cells by promoting degradation and inducing destabilization of Skp2, which triggers G<SUB>2</SUB>/M cell cycle arrest. In a xenograft mouse model implanted with PC-3-Pa cells, LJ-2618 (3 or 10 mg/kg) effectively inhibited tumor growth with the enhancement of Skp2 degradation and induction of p27 expression in tumor tissues. These findings suggest that LJ-2618 may have potential for overcoming paclitaxel resistance via promoting Skp2 degradation and stabilizing p27 expression in PC-3-Pa cells. Therefore, the novel selenonucleoside LJ-2618 may lead to the development of a new treatment strategy for patients with paclitaxel-resistant, castration-resistant prostate cancer.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
A practical review of watch-and-wait approach in rectal cancer
Hwa Kyung Byun(Hwa Kyung Byun),Woong Sub Koom(Woong Sub Koom) 대한방사선종양학회 2023 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.41 No.1
Rectal resection surgery after neoadjuvant treatment has been the mainstay treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. However, functional outcomes and quality of life after radical resection of the rectum remain suboptimal. The excellent oncologic outcomes in patients who achieved pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant treatment questioned the need for radical surgery. The watch-and-wait approach is a noninvasive therapeutic alternative for organ preservation and avoiding operative morbidity. In the watch-and-wait approach, patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who achieve excellent clinical response after neoadjuvant treatment undergo active surveillance rather than rectal cancer surgery. In this practical review, we summarized the main results of studies on the watch-and-wait approach and provided a practical method for implementing the watch-and-wait approach.
Pyun, Sang-Yong,Byun, Woong-Sub,Cho, Bong-Rae Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.6
Nitrile-forming eliminations from $(E)-2,4,6-(NO_2)_3C_6H_2CH=NOC_6H_4-2-X-4-NO_2$ (1) promoted by $R_3NH/R_3NH^+$ in 70 mol % MeCN(aq) have been studied kinetically. When X = $NO_2$, the reactions exhibited second-order kinetics as well as Br$\"{o}$nsted ${\beta}$ = 0.63 and ${\mid}{\beta}_{lg}{\mid}$ = 0.34-0.46, and an E2 mechanism is evident. As the leaving group was made poorer (X = H, Cl, and $CF_3$), Br$\"{o}$nsted ${\beta}$ value increased from 0.63 to 0.85-0.89 without much change in the ${\mid}{\beta}_{lg}{\mid}$ value E2, indicating that structure of the transition state changed to an E1cb-like with extensive $C_{\beta}-H$ bond cleavage, significant negative charge development at the ${\beta}$-carbon, and limited $C_{\alpha}$-OAr bond cleavage.
변상용,조봉래,Woong Sub Byun 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.6
Nitrile-forming eliminations from (E)-2,4,6-(NO_2)_3C_6H_2CH=NOC_6H_4-2-X-4-NO_2 (1) promoted by R_3NH/R_3NH^+ in 70 mol % MeCN(aq) have been studied kinetically. When X = NO_2, the reactions exhibited secondorder kinetics as well as Bronsted β = 0.63 and |β_(lg)| = 0.34-0.46, and an E2 mechanism is evident. As the leaving group was made poorer (X = H, Cl, and CF_3), Bronsted β value increased from 0.63 to 0.85-0.89 without much change in the |β_(lg)| value E2, indicating that structure of the transition state changed to an E1cb-like with extensive C_β-H bond cleavage, significant negative charge development at the β-carbon, and limited Cα-OAr bond cleavage.
Kim, Won Kyung,Byun, Woong Sub,Chung, Hwa-Jin,Oh, Jedo,Park, Hyen Joo,Choi, Jae Sue,Lee, Sang Kook Elsevier 2018 Biochemical pharmacology Vol.152 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignant disease worldwide due to its metastasis via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. E-cadherin and Wnt signaling are emerging as potential targets for suppressing the EMT. In this context, Axin2 has been recognized as a negative regulator that inhibits glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)-mediated degradation of Snail1, a transcriptional repressor of E-cadherin. However, Axin2 can also impede Wnt signaling via β-catenin degradation. Therefore, Axin2 may serve as either a promoter or suppressor of tumors, and the effects of its inhibition on the cell proliferation and metastasis of CRC require further elucidation. Here, esculetin (ES), a coumarin, was found to have the most potential effects on both β-catenin-responsive transcriptional and <I>E-cadherin</I> promoter activities. ES also showed anti-proliferative and anti-invasive activities in CRC cells. Mechanistically, Axin2 suppression by ES contributed to E-cadherin-mediated Wnt signaling inhibition. Moreover, the ability of ES to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis via Axin2 suppression was further supported in an HCT116-implanted orthotopic mouse model. Collectively, these findings suggest that targeting the Axin2/E-cadherin axis by ES may be an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of metastatic CRC.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Cyclopeptides from the Sponge <i>Stylissa flabelliformis</i>
Kwon, Oh-Seok,Kim, Chang-Kwon,Byun, Woong Sub,Oh, Joonseok,Lee, Yeon-Ju,Lee, Hyi-Seung,Sim, Chung J.,Oh, Dong-Chan,Lee, Sang Kook,Oh, Ki-Bong,Shin, Jongheon American Chemical Society and American Society of 2018 Journal of natural products Vol.81 No.6
<P>Three new cyclopeptides, phakellistatins 20-22 (<B>1</B>-<B>3</B>), as well as 10 known cyclopeptides of the same structural class were isolated from the tropical sponge <I>Stylissa flabelliformis</I>. By a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods, the structures of the new compounds were determined to be an epimeric mixture of cycloheptapeptides (<B>1</B>) and two epimeric cyclodecapeptides (<B>2</B> and <B>3</B>) related to the phakellistatins. The cyclopeptides were evaluated for <I>in vitro</I> cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines, and compounds <B>2</B> and <B>3</B> exhibited significant activity.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Hong, Seong-Heon,Ban, Yeon Hee,Byun, Woong Sub,Kim, Donghwa,Jang, Yong-Joon,An, Joon Soo,Shin, Bora,Lee, Sang Kook,Shin, Jongheon,Yoon, Yeo Joon,Oh, Dong-Chan American Chemical Society and American Society of 2019 Journal of natural products Vol.82 No.4
<P>Chemical studies of gut bacteria of the carpenter ant <I>Camponotus kiusiuensis</I> led to the discovery of two new alkaloids, camporidines A and B (<B>1</B> and <B>2</B>), from <I>Streptomyces</I> sp. STA1. The structures of <B>1</B> and <B>2</B> were established as new polyketide alkaloids bearing a piperidine-cyclopentene-epoxide 6/5/3 tricyclic system based on NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analysis. The relative configurations of the camporidines were determined by their <SUP>1</SUP>H-<SUP>1</SUP>H NOESY/ROESY and 1D NOE NMR correlations. The experimental ECD spectra of <B>1</B> and <B>2</B> were compared with their calculated ECD spectra to assign their absolute configurations. Camporidine A (<B>1</B>) displayed antimetastatic activity by suppression of cell invasion against the metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and showed an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing nitric oxide production induced by lipopolysaccharide. In addition, the putative biosynthetic gene cluster of the camporidines was identified, and the biosynthetic pathway of the camporidines was proposed based on bioinformatic analysis of the full genome of <I>Streptomyces</I> sp. STA1. Camporidines A and B (<B>1</B> and <B>2</B>) could be biosynthesized by a modular type I PKS containing an acyl transferase domain that accepts an unusual extender unit, which becomes the (C1′-C6′) hexyl side chain. The post-PKS modification enzymes were predicted to perform an amination and an oxidation along with spontaneous Schiff base formation and generate the unique piperidine-cyclopentene-epoxide 6/5/3 tricyclic framework.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Morphologic change of rectosigmoid colon using belly board and distended bladder protocol
Cho, Yeona,Chang, Jee Suk,Kim, Mi Sun,Lee, Jaehwan,Byun, Hwakyung,Kim, Nalee,Park, Sang Joon,Keum, Ki Chnag,Koom, Woong Sub The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.2
Purpose: This study investigates morphologic change of the rectosigmoid colon using a belly board in prone position and distended bladder in patients with rectal cancer. We evaluate the possibility of excluding the proximal margin of anastomosis from the radiation field by straightening the rectosigmoid colon. Materials and Methods: Nineteen patients who received preoperative radiotherapy between 2006 and 2009 underwent simulation in a prone position (group A). These patients were compared to 19 patients treated using a belly board in prone position and a distended bladder protocol (group B). Rectosigmoid colon in the pelvic cavity was delineated on planning computed tomography (CT) images. A total dose of 45 Gy was planned for the whole pelvic field with superior margin of the sacral promontory. The volume and redundancy of rectosigmoid colon was assessed. Results: Patients in group B had straighter rectosigmoid colons than those in group A (no redundancy; group A vs. group B, 10% vs. 42%; p = 0.03). The volume of rectosigmoid colon in the radiation field was significantly larger in group A (56.7 vs. 49.1 mL; p = 0.009). In dose volume histogram analysis, the mean irradiated volume was lower in patients in group B (V45 27.2 vs. 18.2 mL; p = 0.004). In Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, the in-field volume of rectosigmoid colon was significantly correlated with the bladder volume (R = 0.86, p = 0.003). Conclusion: Use of a belly board and distended bladder protocol could contribute to exclusion of the proximal margin of anastomosis from the radiation field.
위선암과 우측 쇄골상 림프절의 호지킨씨 림프종이 병발한 이중 원발성 암 1 예
김호정,김규태,최대섭,김택수,천대철,문제웅,변정원,박석오,이병철,조병섭,안재곤 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.6
Double primary cancer is defined as the case of primary malignant tumors, which must be arise in different sites and have a different histologic appearances. This article is a case report of synchronous double primary cancers. We have experienced with double primary malignant tumors of different site of origin such as stomach adenocarcinoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma of right supraclavicular lymph node, which were diagnosed by biopsies with gastrofibroscopy and fine needle aspiration of right supraclavicular lymph node. For its great rarity, we report this case with review of literatures.