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Proposing a Scoring System for the Research Criteria of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
임경훈,박수영,임지연,김용철,이상철,Francis Sangun Nahm 대한의학회 2011 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.26 No.4
This study evaluated the structure of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) population and suggested a weighted scoring system to balance on objective signs. One hundred sixtyeight consecutive patients were evaluated using the Budapest Research Criteria (BRC). By using multidimensional scaling and logistic regression analysis, we analyzed the degree of importance and relationships between objective findings. In addition, a receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed using a weighted score derived from the risk ratio as a diagnostic test. There were correlations between skin color change and edema,and between decreased range of motion and motor dysfunction when multidimensional scaling was applied. The trophic change was excluded by a logistic regression (95% CI;0.80-11.850). The cutoff point based on weighted score derived from the risk ratios for determining CRPS was 7.88. At this point, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 75.0%, 95.3%, 96.3%, and 70.1%, respectively. We propose a weighted scoring system for the BRC using risk ratios of objective signs. Although a thorough systematic review would be required in the future, this study can contribute to reduction of the possible distortion of the feature of CRPS populations by the BRC.
임경훈,윤혜규,김상준,안성혁,김상열 한국광학회 2014 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.18 No.2
Anisotropy profile of a rubbed polyimide film is investigated using both a modified ultra high precision transmission ellipsometer and the analysis software previously developed to determine the optic axis distribution of discotic liquid crystals in the wide view film. The distorted sinusoidal variation of the ellipsometric constants obtained at an oblique angle of incidence indicates that the optic axis varies from 14.7° to 40.6° from the sample plane. The magnitude and distribution of anisotropy is expressed in terms of no, ne, and the cosine-shaped tilt angle distribution of the optic axis in a rubbed polyimide film.
임경훈 서울대학교 러시아연구소 2019 러시아연구 Vol.29 No.2
This article explains different modes of working class formation in communist societies by comparing socio-political and organizational factors of labor militancy in the Soviet Union and Poland. The main arguments of the study are as follows. First, the party and the official trade unions relatively successfully incorporated the Soviet workers in the Brezhnev era. By contrast, the Polish regime and trade unions failed to co-opt and control the workers. Second, the conventional “civil society” argument fails to explain the “cyclical pattern” of the Polish workers’ massive strikes. Evidence shows that the role of dissident intelligentsia and the Church was ambiguous or limited. Third, the cyclical breakdown of the tacit “social contract” was the main catalyst for working class mobilization in Poland. Therefore, in addressing Polish exceptionalism, we need to be careful not to make a jump from shop-floor to civil society. Instead, the author argues, more attention should be paid to the complex nexus of shop-floor politics as the micro-foundation of class consciousness, macro-economic cycles of investment and real income, and class alliances related with the politics of economic reform.
임경훈 서울대학교 국제지역원 1997 국제지역연구 Vol.6 No.3.4
이 논문은 신제도주의적 관점에서 바우처 사유화의 정치, 경제적 논리를 구성하고, 바우처 사유화 하위유형의 등장 배경, 내용, 결과를 비교한다. 필자는 탈공산사회에서 사유화 방식들이 다양하게 나타나는 이유에 대한 기존의 신제도주의적 설명이 "경로의존" 개념을 무차별적으로 확장함으로써, 바우처 사유화가 지닌 "경로형성적" 본질을 포착하지 못했다고 비판한다. 이에 대한 대안으로 필자는 "경로의존적 경로형성"이라는 신제도주의적 분석틀로써 바우처 사유화의 선택과 그 하위유형의 결정을 설명한다. 우선, 바우처 사유화는 체제전환의 개혁을지속할 정치적 목적에 부응하는 경로형성 전략으로 규정된다. 바우처 사유화의 하위유형들은 이러한 전략이 정치적, 사회적으로 제약되는 과정, 특히 공산체제하에서 진행된어온 자생적 사유화의 정도에 따라 다르게 나타나는 것으로 파악된다. 이 논문에서는 바우처 사유화의 두 하위유형을 체코의 "외부자 지배형"과 러시아의 "내부자 지배형"으로 나누어 사유화 과정, 내용, 사유화 이후의 기업 소유 구조를 비교한다. 이 연구는 체코와 러시아의 경우에 대한 비교 분석을 통하여 바우처 사유화 방식이 지니는 장단점을 평가한다. 바우처 사유화는 대량의 기업들을 신속히 사유화시키는 장점은 있으나, 이러한 대규모 사유화에도 불구하고, 국가가 여전히 직접 또는 간접적으로 기업의 소유권을 분점하고 있음으로 해서, 국가가 지대추구의 대상으로 남아 있다. 그리고 기업 구조 조정이 점진적 사유화의 경우보다도 늦어지는 경향이 있다. 또한, 바우처 사유화의 장점으로 부각되었던 사회적 형평도 실제에 있어서는 달성되지 못하였고, 오히려 원래 의도와는 달리 소유집중 현상이 가속화되고 있다. 이러한 소유집중 현상은 개혁을 지지하는 대중적 기반 창출이하는 바우처 사유화의 취지에 어긋나는 것이다. This article employs the new-institutionalist perspective to illuninate the logic and subtypes of voucher privatization. The author criticizes that the existing institutionalist explanation for the divergent privatization modes across post-communist societies abuses the concept of path-dependency. "and ,as a result, fails to capture the "path-shaping" nature of voucher privatization. The author suggests the scheme of "path-dependent path-shping " as an alternative framework to analyze voucher privatization. It is argued here that voucher privatization has been adopted by radical reformers as a path-shaping political strategy to create social bases supporting system transformation and/or to sestroy the institutional bulwarks of political opponents. The implementation of the strategy. however, has been constrained mainly by political and social legacies inherited from the communist past, particularly the scope of spontaneous privatization . Difference in the degre of the path-dependency have led to different subtypes of voucher privatization. Russia represents the subtype of "insider (of enterprise) control " whereas Czech approximates that of "outsider control" After comparing the Russian and Czech cases, the author evaluates voucher privatization as a privatization policy. The negative consequence of voucher privatization seem to overshadow its contribution in terms of quanticy and speed. Even after the completion of radical and large scale privatization, the state still directly or indirectly holds at least a part of ownership in large enterprises. So the state may easily fall pery to enterprises rent-seeking behavior. Enterprises decision making has yet to be further de-politicized. Enterprise restructuring has also been delayed until the completion of privatization and is still very slow to occur. Moreover, the social equity , which the voucher privatization method was deemed to be able to achieve, never materialized. On the contrary, ownership concentration has been only exacerbated, which weakens the main cause of voucher privatization , that is , the creation of social bases supporting the reform toward market economy and democratic polity.
SiOC 매트(Mat)를 이용한 열전지용 전해질 격리판 제조 및 특성
임경훈,조광연,류도형,신동근,진은주,김현이,정해원,이홍림,Lim, Kyoung-Hoon,Cho, Kwang-Youn,Riu, Doh-Hyung,Shin, Dong-Geun,Jin, Eun-Ju,Kim, Hyoun-Ee,Cheong, Hae-Won,Lee, Hong-Lim 한국세라믹학회 2009 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.46 No.6
Ceramic fiber separator is the promising material for thermal battery system because it reduces the production cost and offers the potential to a new application compared to a pellet type electrolyte. The electrolyte separator for thermal battery should be easily handled and loaded a large amount of the molten lithium salt. Ceramic fibers were used as an electrolyte separator and the lithium based molten salts were infiltrated into the ceramic filters. Leakage of molten salt (several lithium salts) leads to short-circuit during the thermal battery operation. In this study, a uniform and fine SiOC mat with fibers ranging from 1 to 3 ${\mu}m$ was obtained by electrospinning of polycarbosilane and pyrolysis. The optimum spinning conditions for obtaining fine diameters of SiOC fiber were controlled by the solution composition and concentration, applied voltage and spinning rate, release rate by porosity. The pore structures of the ceramic filter and the melting properties of the lithium salts affected to the electrolyte loading and leakage. The importance of the fiber size and porosity and their control was discussed and the mechanical properties were also discussed.