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이상철,박재완,김형근 한국해양수산개발원 2011 해양정책연구 Vol.26 No.1
Using Korean manufacturing firms’ logistics costs, we investigate whether logistics costs are “sticky” and how the degree of stickiness of logistics costs varies with firms’ characteristics, which includes both management characteristics and corporate governance structure such as majority shareholders’ ownership percentage and outside director ratio on the board. Our main results are as follows. First, we find that logistics costs increase on average 0.599% per 1%increase in sales but decrease only 0.447% per 1% decrease in sales,which can be interpreted that managers are slower in adjusting the logistics resources when sales decrease than when sales increase. Secondly, we find that the effect of management types(i.e. whether managers are owners or not) on the degree of cost stickiness is not statistically significant, which is inconsistent with that of prior studies using Korean cost data. Therefore, the issue on the effect of management types on the degree of stickiness of logistics costs warrants further research. Lastly, we find that the effect of majority shareholders’ownership percentage significantly reduces the degree of stickiness of logistics costs, which is consistent with prior studies. This paper has limitation in that it uses estimated logistics costs data because of data-availability limitation.
이상철 中央醫學社 1995 中央醫學 Vol.60 No.5
A study on the level and changing pattern of physique and physical fitness athletes of short track and jumping The purpose of this study was to investigate the level and changing patterns of physique and physical fitness in athletes of short track and jumping, from 1990 to 1994. Thus it was presented the basic valuable data for selecting new figures, keeping the abilities of excellent figures, and coaching with positive scientific method to all of the athletes in this fields. Furthermore these data could be used sources as standard criterions for the advanced studies in future. The results of this article were as follows. 1. Physique 1) It was gradually increased in average height 180.8±3.40 cm, upper limb's length 77.6±5.97 cm and lower limb's length 96.9±3.57 cm at the factors of extend growth. 2) In 1994, it was decreasingly measured average chest's record 98.6± 2.31 cm at the factors of developed girth. 3) It was significantly changed weight 75.7±2.90 kg, subcutaneous fat 8.57±1.32 at the factors of volume. 2. Physical fitness 1) It was continuously increased in right grip strength 60.6±8.87, left grip strength 57.0± 6.26 kg, and back strength 179±17.10 kg in the case of physical strength for 5 years. 2) It was of the increase sit-up 37.0±3.49 times and pull-up 8.57±1.32 times in muscle endurance. 3) In power, measurements were gradually increased such as broad jump 270.3±10.93 cm, sergeant jump 72.7±1.43 cm, and 100 m run speed 11.39±0.36 seconds. 4) In agility, 10m shuttle run's average record was 9.4±0.27 seconds and the side step test's average score was 53.5±1.73 times, so this survey shows that the average record was continually increasing. 5) In coordination factor, 5 time-rolling's result was 11.3±1.55 seconds which was little increased. 6) Cardio-vascular endurance was shown the significant differences of the results among years and variation. 7) In flexibility factor, trunk extension average record was 65.2± 10.06 cm which was significantly progressed in each year, but trunk flexion's average record was nothing to change for experimental years.
이상철,김수식 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1985 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.23 No.8
In order to find out the formation procedures and the serves of morphology for aluminum nitride by the vapor phase reaction, the experiments have been carried out in the temperature range of 200-1500℃ and the various pressures. The reaction products and thermal decomposited powders in the various temperatures and pressures have been thoroughly investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy. Sphere shaped A1N was formed from 600℃, whereas whisker-shaped and rod-shaped A1N crystals were obtained in more than 1000℃ in the vapor phase reaction. For aluminum nitride powders, the growth of crystal was accelerated at constant pressure of 4.9 KPa. A1N formed by these reaction is changed gradually into sphere, plumule, and rod-shaped with increasing temperature.