효율적인 갑피생산을 위한 갑피생산관리시스템의 설계 및 구현

황용석(Yong Suk Hwang),오암석(Am suk Oh) 한국멀티미디어학회 2002 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2002 No.2

웹 레퍼토리와 집중도 연구

황용석(Yong-Suk Hwang) 한국방송학회 2002 방송통신연구 Vol.- No.54

시간과 공간의 맥락에서 본 텔레비전과 인터넷 이용의 상호관계성 탐구

황용석(Yong-suk Hwang) 한국방송학회 2004 방송통신연구 Vol.- No.59

가짜뉴스 관련 국내 입법안 분석과 그 한계 위헌성 여부를 중심으로

황용석(Hwang, Yong Suk),정재관(Jeong, Jae Kwan),정다운(Jung, Da Woon) 동국대학교 사회과학연구원 2018 사회과학연구 Vol.25 No.2

2016년 미국 대선을 기점으로 가짜뉴스가 확산되며 이에 따른 정치 사회적 파장이 커짐에 따라 가짜뉴스를 규제하기 위한 방안이 모색되고 있다. 사업자의 기술적 조치와 내적 규약을 통한 자율규제방식과 더불어 법률을 통한 타율규제 또한 최근 들어 시도되고 있다. 그러나 가짜뉴스가 다양한 의미로 사용됨에 따라 개념 정의가 불명확해지고 있으며 명확성의 원칙에 위반한 규제 시도는 표현의 자유를 포함한 헌법적 가치와 상충할 우려가 있다. 이에 이 연구에서는 가짜뉴스와 연관된 법률 구조의 특성을 고찰하고 입법 과정에서 기준이 될 수 있는 헌법적 가치(표현의 자유, 사전검열 금지, 명확성의 원칙, 과잉금지원칙)에 대해 분석하였다. 가치기준에 따라 최근 발의된 개정안의 위헌성 여부를 검토하였다. 그 결과 최근 발의된 개정안들은 다음의 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 첫째로, 명확성과 과잉금지의 원칙을 위배하는 법조항이 다수 포함되어 있다. 둘째로, 정보통신서비스 제공자를 규율하여 입법 목적을 달성하는 방식을 택하는데 이는 권리침해의 문제와 국내 사업자의 역차별 문제를 야기한다. 셋째로, 법령의 목적 정당성에 위배하는 조항이 다수 있다. 마지막으로, 위축효과를 발생시킬 수 있는 규제안들을 포함하고 있다. Fake news has been an important issues in political and social agenda since 2016 U.S. presidential election. In order to reduce the fake news, both self-regulations using technological measures and internal regulation by service providers and legal restrictions are attempted. However, Conceptualization of the fake news becomes more difficult as the term is used for various purposes and situations. Regulations without clear definition may contradict with other consitutional values including freedom of expression. Therefore, this study considered characteristics of legal systems related to the fake news and analyzed the constitutional values(freedom of expression, pre-censorship, principle of disclosure, principle of proportionality) that serve as criteria during the legislation. Finally, this study examined legislation bills on fake news to see if bills may contain unconstitutional components. The results suggest as followed; first, several bills may violate principle of disclosure and principle of proportionality. Second, regulating domestic service providers may cause infringement of their rights and reverse discrimination. Third, several bills may violate objective legitimacy. Finally, some bills contain regulation generating chilling effects

디지털 미디어 환경에서 방송저널리즘의 변화

황용석(Yong Suk Hwang) 한국방송학회 2003 방송통신연구 Vol.- No.56

미디어 책무성 관점에서의 인터넷 자율규제제도 비교연구

황용석(Yong-Suk Hwang),이동훈(Dong-Hoon Lee),김준교(Jun-Kyo Kim) 사단법인 언론과 사회 2009 언론과 사회 Vol.17 No.1

인터넷의 보펀 미디어화와 사회적 의존도 증대는 인터넷의 영향력에 대한 우려와 그 에 따른 제도적 수용 논의를 촉발시켜왔다. 특히 우리 사회는 여론 형성에 대한 인터 넷의 미디어적 영향력에 초점을 두고 인터넷 규제논의를 진행시켜왔고 현 제도적으로 도 불법 콘먼츠에 초점을 둔 해외 주요 국가들의 자율규제와는 차이를 보인다 본 연 구에서는 이러한 한국적 상황을 고려하며 인터넷 규제 논의의 체겨|호덤 위해 미디어 책무성 표엠에서 국내외 인터넷 규제체계를 비교 분석하고,01를 토대로 실천적 합의 를 이끌어내고자 했다. 미국, 영국, 프랑스, 독일 등의 자율규제체계 도입 국가의 다양 한 공동규제형식을 비교하고 이를 토대로 책무성 구현체계로서 자율규제모델의 한국 적 실현 묘보때| 대한 합의를 도출했다 특히 인터넷 규제체계에서 관련주체 간의 상호 협력을 토대로 한 적극적 실천체계가 강조되고 있디는 점에서 민간 영역에서의 자율 적 답책장치로서 자율규제기구의 활성화는 미디어가 사회적 신뢰를 형성히는 주요한 방법이며 동시에 불필요한 제도적 규제를 줄이는 방법이다. 따라서 범세계적인 추세 에 맞는 인터넷기업에 의한 자율규제로 과도한 입법규제를 최소화할 수 있도록 민간 에서 답책하는 조치가 필요하다 The growth of Internet media and social dependence on Internet media have triggered concerns on the influence of the Internet and discussion on the institutional adoption of the Internet. In particular, our society focused on the effects of Internet media in discussing Internet regulation. Our current system on Internet regulation is different from the self-regulation system by main foreign countries emphasizing on illegal and harmful contents on the Internet. This study tried to draw practical implications based on the comparative analysis of Internet regulation systems at home and abroad from the perspective of accountability in order to organize Internet regulation discussion considering our situation. After conducting a comparative analysis to examine various co-regulation systems adopted by other countries such as the United States, England, France, Germany, and so on, we drew implications on the Korean practical plan as the actual system of government accountability for the Internet. Especially, we found that stimulating self-regulation organizations as an autonomous answerability system by the private sectors would be a good way not only to form socially reliable media also to reduce unnecessary institutional regulation in the fact that active practice systems based on mutual cooperation among related key players are stressed in the Internet regulation system. Therefore, we suggest that the private sectors need to make appropriate answerability measures as a self-regulation system-one of global trends-to minimize excessive legislative control by government.

중앙일간지의 초판신문 비교관행에 관한 연구

황용석(Hwang Yong-Suk) 한국언론학회 2000 한국언론학보 Vol.44 No.4

The first edition has a special role for national newspapers in Korea. Comparing first edition with each other is ordinary and formal practice in the newsroom. It is a journalistic routine. The assumption of this study is that the routine of comparing first editions among newspapers make the news content and style similar. This assumption is based on the 'inter-media agenda setting research' : that is, whether the news agenda of one medium, for example wire services or NY Times, follows that of one another. Previous qualitative and quantitative research indicates such a pattern might occur systematically. Most previous studies used broad topic categories to detect gross similarities. The primary purpose of this study is to explore whether this routine is at work in inducing the similarity of the news coverage among national newspapers. Specifically, this study focus on factors contributing to the standardization process by this routine of comparing first edition. In-depth interviews with reporters and content analysis comparing the first edition and the last edition of nine national newspapers were conducted to test for 'standardization effect' of this routine. The result show that the study showed the main role of first edition in each news room is to monitor each other. Eventually it puts news coverage in tune with each other. So, reporters described the first edition as 'test edition'. Content analysis proved the 'standardization effect'. The change rate between first and last edition is 42.7%. This figure implies the role of the 'test-edition'. The mode of 'standardization' could be classified into several types. First, when one newspaper gets a scoop, other newspapers copy the scoop without additional investigation. As a result, the content coverage was similar. Second, standardization occurred when minor newspapers followed the values, points-of-view, lead stories, and headlines of the majors. When major newspapers covered the specific event, minors pursued the story. This study suggests that the routine of comparing first edition is related to the environment of the Korean newspaper industry. Unlike the inter-media agenda setting study in America that showed the dominant agenda setter, AP or NY Times, this study show inter-dependency among similar national newspapers in the points-of-view, editing style, and target audiences. This represents the system of the Korean newspaper industry.

알고리즘 추천 시스템의 공정성 확보를 위한 시론적 연구

황용석(Yong Suk Hwang),정재선(Jae Seon Jeong),황현정(Hyeon Jeong Hwang),김형준(Hyung Jun Kim) 한국방송학회 2021 방송통신연구 Vol.- No.116

인터넷 이용과 정치참여에 관한 탐색적 연구

황용석(Hwang Yong-Suk) 한국언론학회 2001 한국언론학보 Vol.45 No.3

This paper deals with the question of the way in which internet can promote political participation of citizen. There are two different perspectives regarding the effects of internet on the political process. One positive idea hold that the internet may serve to inform. organize and engage those that are currently marginalized from existing political system - such as the younger generation, political minorities - so that these group will eventually take part in the political process. This idea assumes the casual relationship between the communication capacity and political activity. In contrast, the other perspective suggests that internet resources on politics will be used primarily to reinforce those citizens who are already politically well connected, educated, and motivated via traditional channels, like mass media. political actors, and grassroots activists. It emphasices evidence that increased communication capacity raises the degree of political participation in general. This paper takes the latter position that increased communication and information flow brought by the internet will not change the basic logic of political participation. At the individual level, internet will not change the fact that most people are highly selective in their attention to political issues and their assimilation of information. On the base of this assumption, this paper explore four research questions concerned with internet use in political participation. I used data from the online survey of Daum.net, conducted by the Korea Press Foundation during the 16th General Election in Korea, April. 2000. The first finding result reveals that the political participation pattern using the internet was composed of three factors, 1) political party & interest group website factor, 2) news & portal website factor, and 3) enterprise & entertainment website factor. Among these factors political party & interest group website factor was necessary in active involvement and activity. The second finding result suggests that the factors of the political participation pattern using the internet was affected by SES variables, i. e. gender, age, income, and education model. Particularly active participation, political party & interest group website factor, can be well explained by these SES variables. This implies the characteristic of active political participation group the on internet is similar to traditional media. The third result explains the correlation of media use variables with political participation pattern on the internet. A active participation factor have a strong and positive correlation with media use variable. The amount of election coverage attention on newspaper is the most strongest predictive variable for political participation. But internet usage was restricted. The last finding is concerned with the comparison of predictive power among the explanatory variables, SES variables, media use variables, and political participation factors on internet, to voting participation by stepwise discriminant function analysis. Four variables, 1) the amount of election coverage attention on newspaper, 2) the factor of political party & interest group website use, 3) age, and 4) the amount of election coverage attention on TV news, were drawn as significant. The most powerful predictive variable is the amount of election coverage attention on newspaper. It is an interesting finding that the factor of political party & interest group website use have an effect in predicting voting participation. Considering these results, this research supports the idea of the second position that is, the reinforcement perspective. It considers selection effects, if the chain of casuality runs from prior political interest to use of the internet, that people who are more politically interested and involved turns to news and public affairs on the web to keep themselves well informed and networked. This emphasizes the motivationa

한국 온라인저널리즘 연구의 주제와 접근방법에 대한 메타분석

황용석(Yong-Suk Hwang) 한국언론학회 2006 커뮤니케이션 이론 Vol.2 No.1

이 연구는 국내에서 연구된 온라인저널리즘 관련 논문의 주제 분포, 동원하고 있는 이론 및 개념, 사용하고 있는 용어, 그리고 연구방법상의 특성 등을 분석했다. 1995년부터 2006년 4월까지 6개 주요언론학 저널에 게재된 온라인저널리즘 관련 논문을 대상으로 했다. 분석방법은 내용분석을 활용한 메타분석을 이용했다. 분석 결과를 요약하면, 첫째, 학술 논문에서 온라인저널리즘을 지칭하는 용어가 연구자 개인의 편의성에 따라 다양하게 사용되었고, 개념정의는 전문직 관점에서 내려진 논문이 많았다. 둘째, 온라인저널리즘 연구는 신문이나 방송사가 운영하는 종속형 온라인저널리즘을 대상으로 가장 많이 수행되었다. 이는 여론이나 시장의 영향력이 큰 매체를 대상으로 연구가 주로 수행되었음을 의미한다. 셋째, 온라인저널리즘 연구는 내용과 대상의 특성상 유형별로 크게 네 가지 주제로 분류됐다. 주제는 매체의 특성과 그 역할모델(11편, 22.45%), 저널리즘 외부환경(3편, 6.12%), 저널리스트와 저널리즘 행위(8편, 16.33%), 이용자(25편, 51.02%), 그리고 법ㆍ윤리(2편, 4.08%)로 구성되었다. 넷째, 온라인저널리즘 연구에서 동원된 이론 및 연구 개념은 인터넷의 미디어적 특성인 ‘상호작용성ㆍ하이퍼텍스트(하이퍼렁크)’에 주목한 연구들이 30.61%로 가장 많았다. 다음으로 ‘대안언론ㆍ공론장’과 관련된 이론적 접근이 12.24%로 높게 나왔다. 다섯째, 연구방법상으로 서베이(12편)와 실험연구(6편)와 같이 양적 연구방법이 많이 사용되었다. This thesis overviews and summarizes topics, theories, concepts and methodological approaches used in the previous studies of online journalism in Korea. Articles dealing with online journalism published in six major communication journals during the period of 1995-April 2006 were chosen for this study. A meta-analysis based on content analysis was conducted. The results reveal: First, researchers have inconsistently defined "online journalism" and its conceptualization has largely been derived from the professional perspective. Second, the previous studies have focused on online journalism run by mainstream news media. Third, research topics in the previous studies were identified largely into five categories: (1) the characteristics of online medium and its role models (11 articles, 22.45%); (2) ecological analysis of media environment (3 articles, 6.12%); (3) online journalists and journalism practice (8 articles, 16.33%); (4) users of online journalism (25 articles, 51.02%); (5) laws and ethics concerning online journalism. Fourth, the most prevalent theoretical concept used in the studies of online journalism was interactivity/hypertext (hyperlink) (30.61%), followed by the concept of alternative media/public sphere (12.24%). Finally, many studies utilized quantitative methods such as survey (12 articles) and experiment (6 articles). The salient finding of this thesis is that online journalism studies in Korea have focused on users analysis, adopting the traditions of audience studies in mass communication. This tendency stems from several practical reasons: researchers can easily apply existing mass communication theories in the context of online with a slight modification and previous media effects studies provide researchers with an array of theoretical ideas and analytic lens.