국어 명사절, 관형절의 논리-의미 유형 연구: 체계기능언어학 기반

한정한,차명희 학습자중심교과교육학회 2024 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.24 No.1

Objectives In the clause complexing systems of systemic functional linguistics, the logico-semantic types(LSTs) between ‘clause’ and ‘clause’ are realised in different ways in coordinate clauses, subordinate clauses, and embedded clauses. The purpose of this paper is to identify the LSTs of Korean nominal clauses and adjective clauses that are distinct form other embedded clauses. Methods SFL's clause complexing system consists of three optinal systems: taxis, LSTs, and repercussions. Among the LSTs of Korean embedded clauses, three are used: [projection], [phenomenon], and [extension]. These are realised in different ways in quotation clauses, nominal clauses, and adjevtive clauses, repectively. Results After applying the aforementioned methodology, we were able to establish [phenomenon] of the complement participants of mental verbs as the common LST of Korean nominal clauses. Based on this, it was further found that the nominal clause ‘-기’ combined with desrative verbs and emotional verbs has the LST of [phenomenon_ideas]; and the nominal clause ‘-음’ combined with cognitive verbs has the LST of [phenomenon_facts]; and the nomonal clause ‘-는 것’ combined with perceptual verbs has the LST of [phenomenon_acts]. On the other hand, the LSTs of adjevtive clauses were broadly distinguished as [projection] and [expansion]. The [projection] semantics of adjevtive clauses are mainly realised in the complement clauses of superordinate Projective Nouns and Factual Nouns. Conclusions The LSTs between ‘clause’ and ‘clause’ in clause-complexing systems in systemic functional linguistics are big research topics. This can be realised in different ways in coordinate, subordinate and embedded clauses. So far, this paper focuses on the LSTs that appear in nominal clauses and adjective clauses, examining them in detail using examples from the Korean language dictionary, and summarising the results. It is hoped that further research could conduct to investigate the LSTs of the entire Korean clause complexing systems.

체계기능언어학의 주기어 위계 연구: 이태원 참사 관련 정치 기사와 간담회 텍스트 분석을 중심으로

한정한,허성령 학습자중심교과교육학회 2023 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.23 No.19

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explicitly show how the hierarchy of periodicity in Korean texts is analyzed based on Systemic Functional Linguistics. Methods The hierarchy of periodicity is viewed as having an expanding structure, like the flow of water, which expands into small waves, large waves, and tidal waves. It is explained that when the flow of text expands from clause to paragraph (→ chapter → text), it does not continue in a straight line, but expands like a wave in a circle. Assuming that this hierarchy of periodicity has genre differences, this paper analyzed the text of political newspaper articles related to the ‘Itaewon tragedy’ in written language and the text of parliamentary meeting related to the ‘Itaewon tragedy’ in spoken language. Results In terms of the hierarchical structure of the periodical, the newspaper article and the meeting showed different characteristics. The newspaper article (Text-I) was relatively well organized and followed the typical hierarchical structure of a periodical. In particular, it showed that it faithfully followed the structure of HyperTheme - (Elaboration) - HyperNew, which is necessary to organize paragraphs (paragraphs). It also followed the structure of MacroTheme - (Paragraph) - MacroNew when organizing units larger than paragraphs. The meeting text, on the other hand, shows a weak hierarchy, as the MacroTheme is sometimes omitted, and when organizing paragraphs, the HyperNew following the HyperTheme is omitted before moving on to the next topic, the MacroTheme. Conclusions This paper introduced the concepts of hierarchy of periodic words and serial word expansion of discourse as two double-headed wagons for studying discourse meaning. I hope this article to be useful for future research on periodicity in Korean texts of various genres, as it demonstrates how to analyze discourse at the paragraph and text level beyond the analysis of ‘clause’ units, and examines the genre differences between them.

The Cases of the More Informative Proposition Triggers in Korean - focusing on the Korean auxiliary particle -mace, -cocha, -lato, -na

한정한 한국언어학회 2010 언어 Vol.35 No.1

Han, Jeonghan. 2010. The Cases of the More Informative Proposition Triggers in Korean. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-1, 291-319. The purpose of this paper is to investigate entailment relations of presuppositions triggered by the four Korean equivalents of English particle even: MACE, COCHA, LATO, and NA in terms of a set‐theoretic construction called a “scalar model (SM).” It will be claimed in this paper that, first, as with even, SMs are very useful tools in an attempt to account for the scalar properties of the four Korean particles. Second, in order to understand fully the differences among the four particles, it seems helpful to set up a further semantic branching within the notion of the “more informativeness” (Kay 1990), i.e. a ‘most’ (MACE, LATO) vs. a ‘least (COCHA, NA) informative proposition in a likelihood scale'. Third, although it is true that MACE and COCHA normally occur in negative sentences and LATO and NA in affirmative sentences, they sometimes occur on opposite sides. I attribute these seeming alternations to the unparalleled relations between the ‘negative sentence’ and the ‘positive sense (interpretation) of the negative sentence’ (or the ‘affirmative sentence’ and the ‘negative sense of the affirmative sentence’). For instance, MACE can occur in an affirmative sentence if the state of affairs in which it occurs is ‘interpreted’ as a negative (undesirable). (Dankook University)

미국 광고학의 동향과 흐름

韓政昊(한정호) 한국광고홍보학회 1989 광고연구 Vol.0 No.3

[ [ XP ] 하- ] 구성의 논리형태와 격

한정한 한국어학회 1994 한국어학 Vol.1 No.-

한일합병과 시선의 정치학

한정선(韓程善) 동양사학회 2005 東洋史學硏究 Vol.93 No.-

This paper revisits Japanese political cartoons that represented the moment of the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910. Since the formation of the new Meiji government, the ‘Korea problem’ was at thc heart of Japanese foreign affairs. When the problem was finally solved in the form of annexation, Japanese society expressed its excitement and enthusiasm through the cartoon media. By examining how the moment of annexation was captured and caricatured in Japanese society, I argue that there was the growing popular will to empire at the social level. In analyzing the cartoons on annexation, I classify them into five recurring patterns of imagination. They are the metaphors of light, train, animal, gender, and heroes. By imagining Japan-Korea relations through these five metaphors, the Japanese populace came to the consensus that enlightened and technologically advanced Japan must lead Korea into the modern world. To rationalize and justify Japan's leadership over Korea, the cartoons visualized an animalized and feminized Korea. By arbitrarily recollecting past heroes of foreign invasions and associating them with the annexation, the cartoons attempted to render annexation continuity with Japan's own past. Developing a distinctively Japanese but unmistakably modern style of visual representation, the cartoons on the Korean annexation contributed in creating a visual culture that molded Japanese will to empire.

타동성의 언어유형적 특성과 한국어

한정한 한국사전학회 2016 한국사전학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.8

王陽明의 ‘未發’觀과 良知體用論

한정길(韓正吉) 한국양명학회 2009 陽明學 Vol.0 No.23

이 글에서는 송명리학의 주요 논제인 ‘未發’ 문제에 대한 王陽明의 견해를 살펴보았다. 구체적으로 왕양명이 ‘주자의 미발설을 어떻게 이해하고 있는지’, ‘주자가 미발 탐구를 통하여 해결하고자 했던 문제를 어떻게 처리하고 있는지’, ‘왕양명의 미발관의 특징은 무엇인지’, ‘미발 문제에 대한 왕양명의 해결 방식이 지닌 의의는 무엇인지’ 등의 문제들을 다루었다. 주자의 미발설에 대한 왕양명의 비판은 크게 두 가지 점으로 요약할 수 있다. 하나는 ‘思慮未萌?知覺不昧’의 미발상태를 ‘자기 중심성이 탈락한 순일한 의식의 상태’인 ‘未發之中’으로 볼 수 없다는 것이다. 그 미발상태는 자기중심적으로 흐를 수 있는 氣가 아직 작용하지 않은 상태에 불과할 뿐, 사욕이 없는 순수한 도덕본체는 아니기 때문이다. 따라서 미발시의 존양공부를 통해서는 已發之和를 확보하기 어렵다. 또 하나는 ‘미발시에 지각자는 있지만 지각되는 것은 없다’고 봄으로써 미발시의 본체체인이나 성찰공부를 근본적으로 막아버렸다는 점이다. 미발시에 도덕본체에 대한 체인이나 성찰공부가 없다면 도덕실천 역량이 떨어지게 된다. 따라서 주자의 미발설은 도덕본체[본성]를 실현할 수 있는 이론적 토대가 되기에는 문제가 있다. 주자학의 미발규정과 미발시의 존양공부에 대한 양명의 비판이 가능한 것은 그가 미발을 주자학에서와는 전혀 달리 이해하고 있기 때문이다. 양명은 ‘미발’과 ‘이발’을 주자학에서와 같이 마음의 어떤 상태나 국면을 지시하는 개념으로 사용하지 않고, ‘마음의 본체[心體]’와 ‘마음의 작용[心用]’을 지시하는 개념으로 사용한다. 양명은 끊임없이 활동하면서 만물을 창생하고 주재하는 本性[理]을 ‘마음의 본체[心體]’로 삼고, 그것을 ‘未發之中’으로 규정한다. 心體는 私欲이 없는 순수한 천리[心卽理]이기 때문에 어디에도 치우치거나 의지함이 없는 ‘未發之中’ 일 수 있다. 그 心體[未發之中]는 모든 사람들이 똑같이 부여받고 있다. 그러나 대다수 일반인들은 私欲이 심체를 가리고 있기 때문에 미발지중의 상태를 그대로 유지하기 어렵다. 따라서 사욕을 제거하는 공부가 요구된다. 이 공부가 가능하기 위해서는 心體가 스스로 자신을 체인하고 성찰할 수 있어야 한다. 양명은 心體가 이러한 능력을 지니고 있다고 본다. 그 능력이 바로 良知이다. 양명은 天性이 스스로를 환하게 드러내는 밝은 능력[明覺]을 ‘良知’로 규정한다. 양지는 바로 ‘天性과 明覺’의 통일체이다. 이것은 심체 자체가 스스로를 환하게 드러내는 능력을 지니고 있다고 본 것으로서, 良知를 心體로 규정한 것이다. 이렇게 해서 良知가 未發之中으로 규정되기에 이른다. 마음의 본체인 양지가 미발지중으로 규정됨으로 해서 양명은 양지 체용일원의 틀로 미발이발에 관한 기존의 다양한 언급들을 통일적으로 설명할 수 있게 되었다. 이것은 본성 실현을 가능하게 하는 그 이론적 토대를 良知論을 통해서 마련했음을 의미하는 것으로서, ① 사려 발생의 시간적 선후를 의미하는 未發?已發의 개념과 心體로서의 未發=未發之中=良知의 맥락을 구분할 수 있게 해주었다는 점, ② 未發之中이 본체 곧 양지로서 의미되는 맥락과 수행의 결과로서 도달되는 심의 경계로서 의미되는 맥락을 구분해 주었다는 점, ③ 心體와 心의 動靜사이의 관계를 명확히 드러내주었다는 점, ④ 未發之中과 已發之和의 관계를 양지의 체용 관계로 설명한다는 점, ⑤ 中和를 실현하는 공부를 致良知 공부로 통일시킬 수 있게 해주었다는 점 등의 이론사적 의의를 지닌다. 왕양명의 미발론이나 중화론에 대한 전문적인 연구가 드문 이유도, 왕양명철학에서는 그것들이 모두 양지론으로 전환되어 다루어지고 있기 때문이다.

統辭論과 學校文法 - 言語 類型論의 觀點을 中心으로 -

한정한 한국어문교육연구회 2016 어문연구(語文硏究) Vol.44 No.1

The purpose of this paper is, first, to examine issues of modern Korean syntax, and second, to introduce the ways of describing the issues of Korean syntax in present 7th high school grammar curriculum(2002), and third to propose the alternative approaches based mainly on linguistic typology. Although it has been a lot of research papers concerning the issues of Korean syntax, a few of paper has dealt with them in relation to High School grammar. It’s for sure that there have been some reasons to do so up to the point, among them scholars were reluctant to talk about it because of the standard, and norm tendency of School grammar. However, based on the following reasons I feel the necessity of talking about this issues;(1) there must not be a gap between academic grammar and school grammar, (2) It have been considerable period of time since the 7th high school grammar curriculum has been set up in 2002. (3) We need to actively discuss about the ways of applying and materializing academic grammar into school grammar before it’s too late. This paper deals with 9 major issues of Korean syntax;that is to follows, (1) the definition of word, (2) grammatical status of Eomi, (3) the difference of part-of-speech and word, (4) the approval or disapproval of case markers, (5) the definition of subject, (6) the definition of object, (7) the definition of complement, (8) ‘Ida’ to be better written separate, (9) embedded or subordinated sentences. In this paper we have proposed some alternative approaches at school grammar which have been discussed for long among scholars in academic grammar. 이 글의 목적은 주로 言語 類型論의 관점에서 統辭論의 懸案들을 살펴보고 學校文法 記述을 위한 提案을 해 보는 것이다. 필자는 현재 提起되고 있는 여러 가지 문제점들을, 形式主義 體系性을 堅持하고 있는 현행 학교문법의 기술 원칙으로는 더 이상 체계 내부적으로 해결하지 못한다고 생각한다. 본고에서는 그러한 문제 해결의 실마리를 體系性 轉換의 관점에서 찾아보려는 시도로 言語 類型論의 機能⋅意味的 문법 설명을 도입하고자 한다. 具體的으로 본고에서 다루고 있는 통사론의 현안은 9가지로 각각 다음과 같다. (1) 單語의 정의, (2) 語尾의 문법 지위, (3) 品詞와 單語의 차이, (4) 格助詞의 인정 여부, (5) 主語의 정의, (6) 目的語의 정의, (7) 補語의 정의, (8) ‘이다’는 띄어 쓰자, (9) 內包와 接續이다.

국어사전에서의 품사 통용 정보 기술 방안

한정한,한희정 한국어의미학회 2013 한국어 의미학 Vol.40 No.-

Han Jeong-Han, Han Hee-Jung. 2013. A study on dictionary description of world class conversions in Korean. Korean Semantics, 40. The purpose of this paper, first, lies to comparing the current six major Korean dictionaries as to how they deal with word class conversions, and second, to show why it is so important to express ostensive criteria in determining word class of each lemma, and which is so helpful for dictionary users, especially Korean learners. After having compared the six major Korean dictionaries, we have known the fact that many dictionary users have difficulties not by the misunderstanding of word class conversion, but by the misunderstanding of the fact that on what condition a word class becomes another word class, along with the criterion of selecting lemma/sub-lemma. Therefore in order to solve out these problems, we had to provide with clear-cut standards with which word class of a word becomes another word class of it. For that matter, we suggest 5 criteria with which to determine word class conversions; form, distribution, function, meaning, and orthography, respectively. Together with it, we also provide with the lemma selecting principle based on function and meaning in addition to form of lemmas, which we believe help easier dictionary users understand word class conversions in Korean. The purpose of this paper, first, lies to comparing the current six major Korean dictionaries as to how they deal with word class conversions, and second, to show why it is so important to express ostensive criteria in determining word class of each lemma, and which is so helpful for dictionary users, especially Korean learners. After having compared the six major Korean dictionaries, we have known the fact that many dictionary users have difficulties not by the misunderstanding of word class conversion, but by the misunderstanding of the fact that on what condition a word class becomes another word class, along with the criterion of selecting lemma/sub-lemma. Therefore in order to solve out these problems, we had to provide with clear-cut standards with which word class of a word becomes another word class of it. For that matter, we suggest 5 criteria with which to determine word class conversions; form, distribution, function, meaning, and orthography, respectively. Together with it, we also provide with the lemma selecting principle based on function and meaning in addition to form of lemmas, which we believe help easier dictionary users understand word class conversions in Korean.