열무 물김치의 담금방법이 발효숙성에 미치는 영향

피재은(Jae-Eun Pie),장명숙(Myung-Sook Jang) 한국식품영양과학회 1995 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.24 No.6

열무 물김치의 담금방법이 발효숙성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 이화학적 특성(pH, 총 산 함량, 환원당, 총 비타민 C, 색도), 미생물학적 특성과 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. 열무 물김치는 4가지 담금방법인 밀가루풀과 고춧가루를 넣지 않는 방법(A), 밀가루풀만을 넣는 방법(B), 고춧가루만을 넣는 방법(C)과 밀가루풀과 고춧가루를 함께 넣는 방법(D)으로 하여 모든 시료는 실온(27±0.5℃)에서 8시간 숙성 후 4℃에 각각 20일 동안 발효숙성시켰다. pH는 발효가 진행됨에 따라 모두 점차적으로 낮아지는데, 발효 10일 이후에는 변화정도가 완만하게 낮아짐을 볼 수 있었다. 발효 10일까지는 대체적으로 시료구 D가 약간 높은 pH를 나타내었으나, 10일 이후에는 오히려 시료구 B가 약간 낮은 pH를 나타내었다. 총 산 함량은 발효의 진행과 함께 증가함을 보였다. 환원당은 초기에 약간 증가하다가 서서히 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 특히 시료구 B는 발효의 진행과 함께 증가하였다가 발효 20일에도 거의 초기함량을 유지하는 경향을 나타내었다. 총 비타민 C는 전체적으로 발효 20일 동안 초기 함량 보다 점차로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 시료구 D는 다른 시료구에 비해서 초기에 총 비타민 C 함량이 증가한 것을 볼 수 있었다. 색도에서 명도와 황색도는 큰 변화를 보이지 않았지만, 적색도는 모두 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 총 균수와 젖산균수의 변화는 총 균수가 젖산균수 보다 많은 것을 제외하고는 발효의 진행에 따라 거의 비슷하였는데, 발효 10일에서 13일 사이에 모두 최대값을 보이고 그 이후에 모든 시료에서 서서히 감소하였다. 시료구 D가 발효 전체 기간 동안 가장 많은 총 균수를 나타내었고, 시료구 A가 가장 적은 총 균수를 나타내었다. 관능적평가에서는 모두 유의적인 차이를 나타내었고, 모든 항목에서 발효 10일 전에는 시료구 D가 비교적 높은 점수를 받았다. 반면에 10일 이후에는 시료구 B가 높은 점수를 받았다. Effect of preparation method on Yulmoo kimchi(watery kimchi prepared with Yulmoo, leaf radish) fermentation was investigated by measuring physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties for 20 days. Yulmoo kimchi was fermented at 4℃ after keeping at room temperature(27±0.5℃) for 8 hours. Four types (A, B, C, D) of Yulmoo kimchi were prepared. Sample A was made without wheat flour paste and red pepper powder and sample B was made with wheat flour paste. Sample C was made with red pepper powder, and sample D was made with wheat flour paste and red pepper powder. pH was slowly lowered and stabled after 10 days in all samples. Total acid content increased in all samples. Reducing sugar content initially increased and decreased thereafter. Especially, reducing sugar content of sample B increased in the early stage of fermentation and maintained initial reducing sugar content after 20 days. Total vitamin C content reduced during fermentation in all samples. Especially initial total vitamin C content of sample D increased more than those of other samples relatively. Lightness and yellowness showed no difference, but on the other hand redness increased gradually in all samples. The number of lactic acid bacteria reached maximum value in 10~13 days with the total cell numbers and gradually decreased thereafter in all samples. The number of lactic acid bacteria and total cell number of sample D was much more than those of any other samples. As a result of the sensory evaluation, Yulmoo kimchi showed siginificant difference in all characteristics. Sample D showed the highest scores in all characteristics before 10 days of fermentation. However, after 10 days sample B showed the highest scores.

단백질의 종류가 체내 칼슘대사에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

피재은(Pie Jae-Eun),백희영(Paik Hee Young) 韓國營養學會 1986 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.19 No.1

안양지역 어린이급식소에서의 위생관리 모니터링을 위한 adenosine triphosphate(ATP) 분석법 적용

김혜원,피재은,Kim, Hye Won,Pie, Jae Eun 국제문화기술진흥원 2021 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.7 No.3

이 연구에서는 어린이급식소에서의 ATP bioluminescence 분석법을 이용한 급식 위생관리 모니터링의 적합성을 확인하고자 하였다. 어린이집과 유치원 두 유형 간을 비교하였을 때, 측정구역별 ATP 측정값, 위생관리 적합률, 획득점수와 측정 횟수별 획득점수에서는 차이가 없었다. 어린이집과 유치원 각각을 비교했을 때는, 어린이집에서의 측정구역별 ATP 측정값은 대부분 1차시보다 2차시에 낮아졌으나, 유치원은 차시 간 차이가 없었으며, 측정구역별 위생관리 적합률은 어린이집과 유치원에서 대부분 1차시보다 2차시에 높아졌다. 또한, 어린이집의 경우 측정 횟수와 평균 획득점수와의 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 결론적으로, ATP bioluminescence 분석법은 어린이급식소에서의 급식 위생관리 모니터링 도구로써 활용 가능할 것으로 보이며, 특히, 어린이집이 유치원보다 더 효과적일 것으로 판단된다. In this study, we identify the suitability of monitoring the hygiene control of meals using ATP bioluminescence assay in children's foodservice facilities. Most ATP measured value by measurement area in childcare centers were lower in the second round than in the first round, and most hygiene control suitable rate by measurement area in childcare centers and kindergartens was higher in the second round. Also, in childcare centers, there was a positive correlation between the number of ATP measurement and the average score. In conclusion, ATP bioluminescence assay could be available as a monitoring tool for meal hygiene control in children's foodservice facilities, especially in childcare centers.

안양시 일부 보육시설 영유아의 당류 함유식품 섭취 및 식습관 실태 -보육시설 영유아의 부모 대상 설문조사-

김혜원 ( Hye Won Kim ),피재은 ( Jae Eun Pie ) 한국식품영양학회 2017 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.30 No.5

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic information for developing sugar related nutrition education programs for children in child-care facilities and their parents. The results showed that the total score of parent’s dietary attitudes towards sugar-rich foods was 17.94 and the total score of parent’s nutritional knowledge was 3.67. A positive relationship was observed among items of parent’s dietary attitudes (p<0.01), and some correlations were also observed between the total score of parent’s nutritional knowledge and the total score of parent’s dietary attitudes (p<0.05 or p<0.01). The total average score of children’s eating behaviors for sugar-rich foods was 23.98, and the item with the highest score was ‘I often eat candy, chocolate and jelly’. For children, food that received the highest preference was chocolate, and soft drinks received the lowest preference. The most frequently consumed food item was candy or caramel, and the least frequently consumed food item was soft drinks. There were positive correlation among the total score of children’s eating behaviors, food preferences, and food intake frequency (p<0.01). When parent’s tried to reduce the sugar intake, children’s total score of eating behaviors (p<0.001) and food intake frequency (p<0.001) for sugar-rich food was lower. We conclude that parent’s dietary attitudes may influence children’s eating behaviors, food preferences, and food intake frequency for sugar-rich foods.

Effects of Jack Bean Extract on human articular chondrocytes

피재은 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2003 自然科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-

약물유도성 비만의 가능한 분자적 기전

피재은 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2004 自然科學硏究 Vol.11 No.1

비만을 유발할 수 있는 음식 및 약물의 부작용을 염증반응으로 설명하기 위하여 지방세포(3T3-L1)와 대식세포(RAW 264.7)를 이용하여 그 가능한 분자적 기전을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서는 세포를 재료로 하는 실험으로 음식보다는 표준화된 실험조건을 위하여 비만유발이 대표적 부작용으로 알려진 항정신병약물 olanzapine (OLZ)을 재료로 그 염증반응 결과를 iNOS 및 COX-II의 유전자 발현, 그리고 nitric oxide (NO) 및 prostaglandin (PGE2) 생성정도로 평가하였다. 대식세포와 지방세포에 직접 약물을 처리하였을 때 NO의 대사체인 nitrite농도는 증가하지 않았으나, 약물을 처리한 지방세포의 conditioned media systems을 이용했을 때는 NO 및 PGE2의 생성과 iNOS와 COX-II의 발현 정도가 유의하게 증가하였다. 그러므로 이 결과는 약물부작용으로 유발되는 비만은 염증반응의 하나로 설명할 수 있다. Side effects of some foods and drugs induced the abnormal lipid metabolism have been associated with obesity, which are related with inflammatory reactions. Especially, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) overproduced in the reactions may be mediated to the obesity. Thus, we hypothesized that drug-induced adverse effects may be related with a low-grade systemic inflammatory reactions. In the present study, we have carried out the experiments that inflammatory mediators such as NO and PGE2can be induced by interactions between adipocyte (3T3-L1) and macrophage (RAW 264.7) after treatment of drug. There was no direct effect of drug on the NO and PGE2 production in both cell types, RAW 264.7 and 3T3-L1. However, the production of NO metabolite and PGE2 increased significantly in RAW 264.7 cells, which were activated with conditioned media from drug-pretreated 3T3-L1 cell. Furthermore, iNOS and COX-II mRNA levels significantly increased in RAW 264.7 cells at early time. Therefore, these results suggest that NO and PGE2 overproduced by drugs can be correlated with the mechanism of obesity.

Tissue-Specific Expression of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Nutrient Digestive Organs

Pie, Jae-Eun 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 自然科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Using the human samples of trauma patients (IRB approved), differential expression levels of mRNAs and proteins of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were determined in several digestive organs, including small and large intestines. Two different sizes (^~11 kb in testis, small intestine and colon, and ^~12 kb in other tissues examined) of nNOS mRNA were detected in tissue specific patterns. In the Western-blot analysis, however, at least three different nNOS bands (130, 140, and 160 kDa) were observed, particularly in small intestine and colon (160 and 140 kDa). And two iNOS mRNAs of different sizes (4.5 and 4.2 kb) were also expressed constitutively at different levels in peripheral tissues including small intestine and colon. In some tissues, however, only a single band iNOs protein was observed. As with the iNOS mRNAs, two eNOS mRNAs of different sizes (4.4 and 4.2 kb) were detected in almost all tissues examined. These tissue-specific or differential expression of NOS mRNAs and proteins are produced by alternative splicing and this may be associated with the diverse tissue specific roles of NO observed in vivo, especially in digestive organs.