대만 ‘소수(少數)정부’(2000년~2008년) 운영 사례가 한국 신 정부에 주는 시사점

최창근(Chang-geun Choi) 한국외국어대학교 대만연구센터 2017 대만연구 Vol.- No.10

In 2017, president Moon’s new Korean government launched. The new government, which was launched through the impeachment of former president of Korea Geun-hye Park and the early presidential election. President Moon’s government is launched with the limitation of the minority government. The new government, which was launched in a small-scale situation, requires cooperation with the opposition parties. In this study, I tried to give some suggestions to the new Korean government by examining the cases and problems of the minority government of Democratic Progressive Party(DPP) of Taiwan in 2000~2008.

1980년대 지역정체성 형성 담론 연구 ― 잡지 『예향』을 중심으로 ―

최창근 ( Choi Chang-geun ) 전남대학교 호남학연구원 2024 감성연구 Vol.- No.29

In the 1980s, Korean society was a time when various social demands and conflicts were exploding and gathering momentum for new change. Among them, Gwangju and Honam were in a situation where they had to overcome the wounds of the Gwangju Democratization Movement and make their voices heard in the modernization process that had fallen behind. These voices were diverse and complex, intertwined with the interests and situations of local members. The magazine Yehyang, which came out during this time, sought to contribute to the establishment of regional identity by representing regional voices. However, local identity is not inherently or a priori given. Regional identity is a metaphor and an idea, but it is the result of artificial selection. Everything that exists locally before metaphor is a kind of metonymy. By selecting something within this metonymy, it becomes the identity of the region. Therefore, it can be said that the metaphor of regional identity begins with metonymy.

부산시 기장군 연안의 해조상 및 군집 특성

최창근,최인영,홍용기,Choi, Chang-Geun,Chowdhury, M.T.H.,Choi, In-Young,Hong, Yong-Ki 한국해양학회 2010 바다 Vol.15 No.3

기장 연안 해조류의 해조상 및 군집 구조를 분석하기 위해서 2006년 8월과 2009년 8월에 연구를 수행하였다. 해조류는 녹조류 6종, 갈조류 10종, 홍조류 38종 등 총 54종의 서식이 확인되었다. 이 중 35종의 해조류가 각각의 조사 시기에 공통적으로 출현하였다. 평균 현존량은 2006년에 $616.0\;g\;m^{-2}$에서 $1,462.4\;g\;m^{-2}$였고, 2009년에는 $354.8\;g\;m^{-2}$에서 $965.6\;g\;m^{-2}$이었다. 현존량이 가장 높은 지역은 문동이었고, 가장 낮은 곳은 서암(2006년)과 동백(2009년)이었다. 출현 해조류를 6개의 기능형으로 구분하면, 성긴분지형이 58.7%와 58.1%, 다육질형이 10.9%와 11.6%, 사상형이 13.0%와 9.3%, 각상형이 6.5%와 9.3%, 엽상형이 6.5%와 7.0%, 유절산호말형이 4.3%와 4.7%로 나타났다. 생태지수인 R/P, C/P, (R+C)/P 값은 2006년에 4.00, 0.75, 4.75와 2009년에 5.17, 1.00, 6.17로 나타났다. 2006년과 2009년의 자료를 분석했을 때, 기장 연안의 해조류 출현 종 수와 현존량은 유사하였다. 이러한 자료로 볼 때, 기장 연안에서 시행된 소규모 공사 전, 후인 2006년과 2009년의 해조류 종 다양성에는 변화가 나타나지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. Marine algal flora and community structure were investigated at four sites in Kijang area on the southern east coast of Korea in August 2006 and August 2009, respectively. A total of 54 seaweeds including 6 green, 10 brown, 38 red were collected and identified. Of 54 seaweeds, 35 species were found throughout the survey period. Mean biomass in wet weight was from $616.0\;g\;m^{-2}$ to $1,462.4\;g\;m^{-2}$2 in 2006, and $354.8\;g\;m^{-2}$ to $965.6\;g\;m^{-2}$ in 2009. Maximum biomass was recorded at Mundong site, and minimum was recorded at Seoam (2006) and Dongbaek (2009) sites. The flora investigated (2006, 2009) could be classified into six functional groups such as coarsely branched form (58.7%, 58.1%), thick leathery form (10.9%, 11.6%), filamentous form (13.0%, 9.3%), crustose form (6.5%, 9.3%), sheet form (6.5%, 7.0%) and jointed calcareous form (4.3%, 4.7%) during survey period. The R/P, C/P and (R+C)/P values reflecting flora characteristics were 4.00, 0.75 and 4.75 at 2006, and 5.17, 1.00 and 6.17 at 2009, respectively. Therefore, the number of marine algae species and biomass in Kijang area were similar when they were comparing with the previous data. It suggest that any changes of seaweed diversity have not been observed in Kijang coastal area before and after the anthropogenic construction between 2006 and 2009.

동해안 울진 연안 조하대 저서 해조류의 군집구조

최창근,곽석남,손철현,Choi, Chang-Geun,Kwak, Seok-Nam,Sohn, Chul-Hyun 한국조류학회(藻類) 2006 ALGAE Vol.21 No.4

Studies have been made of the species composition and variation of benthic marine algae at subtidal zone of Uljin on the east coast of Korea. Destructive method was employed to measure biomass over four seasons (2000-2002). Of 87 marine algae species identified, 11 were Chlorophyta, 29 were Phaeophyta and 47 were Rhodophyta. Dominant species in biomass were Ulva pertusa, Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum piluliferum in summer, Laminaria religiosa, Sargassum fulvellum and Gigartina tenella in autumn, Codium fragile, Undaria pinnatifida, Sargassum horneri, S. piluliferum and S. ringgoldianum in winter, and Undaria pinnatifida, Dictyopteris divaricata, Sargassum confusum and S. horneri in spring. In general, green algae (Ulva pertusa, Codium fragile) and brown algae (Undaria pinnatifida, Sargassum fulvellum, S. horneri, S. piluliferum) appeared predominantly in the 3, 6 m depths and red algae (Gelidium amansii, Plocamium telfairiae) in the 9, 12 m depths. The barren ground of the rocky shore might provide the decrease of benthic marine algae biomass and species.

한국 연안 해조류 생물량의 연간 변동 양상: 경상남도 욕지도 지역

최창근,김정하,정익교,Choi, Chang-Geun,Kim, Jeong-Ha,Chung, Ik-Kyo 한국조류학회(藻類) 2008 ALGAE Vol.23 No.4

The seasonal variation of marine algal biomass and community were studied with nondestructive sampling and quadrat method during May 2006 to April 2008 in the intertidal and subtidal zone at Yokjido. As result, total 120 species, 13 Chlorophyta, 34 Phaeophyta, 71 Rhodophyta and 2 Spermatophyta were identified in this study. The major species which contributed significantly to the total biomass were Ulva pertusa, Undaria pinnatifida, Ecklonia stolonifera, Sargassum horneri, S. serratifolium, Gelidium amansii and Prionitis cornea. The mean biomass was 235.5 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in intertidal, 1,038.9 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in 1 m, 1,013.1 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in 5 m, and 19.7 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in 10 m depths of mean sea level. Seasonal biomass change in intertidal zone, the peak season was in spring, while the lowest was in autumn. The vertical distribution of marine vegetation was characterized by Ulva pertusa - Gelidium divaricatum - Gloiopeltis furcata - Sargassum thunbergii - Hizikia fusiformis at intertidal zone, and Caulerpa okamurae - Gelidium amansii - Chondrus ocellatus - Ecklonia stolonifera - Sargassum horneri - Gracilaria textorii at subtidal zone. These result indicates that the marine algal species and biomass of 1 m and 5 m depths in subtidal zone are greater than intertidal zone, and Ecklonia stolonifera and Sargassum spp. are the dominant species of Yokjido.

Algal Succession on Different Substrata Covering the Artificial Iron Reef atIkata in Shikoku, Japan

최창근,손철현,Choi, Chang-Geun,Ohno, Masao,Sohn, Chul-Hyun The Korean Society of Phycology 2006 ALGAE Vol.21 No.3

Succession of artificial seaweed communities in an artificial iron reef at Ikata, southern Japan was studied based on monthly or bimonthly observations from February 1999 to August 2000. Communities were associated with different substrata (40 cm x 60 cm: steel, concrete, wood and stone) as the cover on artificial iron reefs (4.5 m x 4.1 m x 2.5 m, 45.38 m3 and 3.2 ton), which were placed on a sandy substratum at 8 m depth. Within one month diatoms dominated on all substrata with cover of approximately 100%. Enteromorpha intestinalis and Colpomenia sinuosa dominated on the reef within three months after the placement in the spring. Seaweed communities on the reef decreased during the summer. In the winter, the seaweeds on the reef recovered. Sargassum spp., Ecklonia kurome and Padina arborescens dominated on each substratum after one year. Seaweed communities on the artificial reef were similar to those on the rocky substratum around the artificial reef and also similar on different substrata covering the iron artificial reef. These results indicate that seaweed succession was impacted by season and the recruitment of spores and propagules from mature algae around the artificial reefs.

부산 영도의 해조상과 곰피(Ecklonia stolonifera Okamura) 군락

최창근,Choi, Chang-Geun 한국조류학회(藻類) 2007 ALGAE Vol.22 No.4

Studies have been made of the species composition and community structure of benthic marine algae at intertidal zone and subtidal zone of Youngdo at Busan. In this area, a total of 69 marine algal species including 10 Chlorophyta, 17 Phaeophyta and 42 Rhodophyta was identified. Dominant species in coverage were Enteromorpha linza, Ulva pertusa, Gelidium divaricatum, Hildenbrandtia rubra and Chondrus ocellatus throughout the year. Enteromorpha linza, Ulva pertusa, Porphyra yezoensis, Gelidium divaricatum, Corallina pilulifera, Grateloupia elliptica and Chondrus ocellatus vertically distributed in intertidal zone, while Ecklonia stolonifera, Gelidium amansii, Prionitis cornea, Gracilaria textorii, Acrosorium polyneurum and Phycodrys fimbriata in subtidal zone. The vertical distribution of subtidal zone were characterized by Ecklonia stolonifera at 1 to 5 m depths. During a year, biomass and length of Ecklonia stolonifera gradually decreased from March to January, but increased from February. Zoosporangial sori were observed from September to December. In conclusion, number of species in this area was remarkably reduced as compared to the previous data at Busan and it’s vicinity.

1930년대 목포의 근대성과 대중매체 -『호남평론』 수록 소설과 기사를 중심으로

최창근 ( Chang Geun Choi ) 택민국학연구원 2013 국학연구론총 Vol.0 No.11

한 시대의 풍경을 담아낸다는 측면에서 잡지와 같은 대중매체가 지니고 있는 의미는 적지 않다. 대중매체는 한 사회가 포용할 수 있는 가능성의 경계를 가장 적극적으로 담아내고 있다. 1920년대의 잡지들이 민족주의와 계몽주의를 주로 역설했다면 1930년대의 잡지들은 변화된 현실 속에서 좀 더 다양한지향점을 가지고 있었다. 20년대 후반에 등장한 『별건곤』을 시작으로 30년대에 등장한 잡지들은 대부분 식민지 현실과는 일정한 거리를 유지하고 있다. 일련의 흐름은 담론의 변화와 주체의 변화를 동시에 가져오기 마련이다. 과거 민족의 문제에 사로잡혀 있는 상황에서의 담론과 주체가 이제 그 틀을 벗어나 새로운 상황에 직면하게 된 것이다. 담론과 주체의 변화는 필연적으로 재현과 표상의 변화를 불러온다. 이 논문은 근대화로 인한 도시의 등장과 그로 인한 삶과 주체의 변화, 그리고 그 안에 들어있는 식민지배전략에 대해 논하고 있다. 국가와 민족의 문제에서 한 지역의 문제로 담론의 범위를 재설정하는 과정은 근대화와 도시화의 복잡한 과정을 통해 진행되었다. 도시라는 특수한 공간, 시민이라는 새로운 주체는 기존의 국가담론, 민족담론의 틀을 벗어나 변화된 담론을 생성하는 원동력이 되었다. 그리고 잡지는 이러한 변화를 가장적극적으로 반영하는 역할을 담당했다. 본 논문은 이러한 점을 고려해 1930년대 목포라는 실제의 공간과 『호남평론』에서의 재현이 어떤 관계 속에서 상호 작용하고 있는지를 살펴보았다. 호남평론은 일차적으로 대중, 그리고 남성 소비자의 욕망을 충족하는 통속소설을 다수 싣고 있다. 이는 당시 목포의 경제적 환경이 일정 규모 이상이었으며 잡지의 주소비계층을 고려하고 있었음을 알 수 있는 부분이다. 또한 『호남평론』은 당시 목포의 사회적 환경에 대한 단서를 제공한다. 1930년대의 목포는 부의회라는 합리적 의사결정체계와 근대적 법제도가 공존하고 있었다. 이 안에서 피식민지인은 어느 정도 개인의 권리와 자유를 누리는 존재로 자신들을 인식했었다. 그러나 이는 고도의 식민지배전략의 일환이라고 할 수 있다. 합리적이고 비인격적인 사회체제는 식민지배자를 피식민지인의 시야에서 사라지게 하고 내면화된 통제 아래 피식민지인이 스스로 복종하도록 만들었다. 피식민지인은 근대적 환경과 제도로 재편된 도시 공간에서 전보다 자유로워졌다고 느끼지만 실상은 더욱 철저한 감시와 통제 아래 놓이게 되었다. 즉 그들 스스로가 식민지배전략에 내적으로 완전히 포섭되어 타자의 삶을 살아가게 되는 것이다. There are much great meaning of magazines and mass media in terms of social reflection. Mass media can include much positively the boundary of possibility that a society could be able to accept. Magazines in 1920`s emphasized nationalism & illuminism, but magazines in 1930`s a little more digged into the various points with the changed realities of life. Starting with byoulgeongon(별건곤) in the late 1920`s, most of magazines in 1930`s kept one`s distance with the colonial realities. A series of flow make sure to bring a change of discourse and change of subject. This change of discourse & subject inevitably calls to come the change of reappearance & representation. This thesis deals with the appearance of cites and these changes with modernization, the colonial domination strategy. The process of reconstructing discourse from question of nation and people to that of one region should go through complex process with the modernization and urbanization. The special space of city and new subject of citizen became the driving force of making a new discourse getting out of previous nation and nationalism. And this magazine took charge of a role reflected such a change actively. In this thesis Taking into account the these points, we will be able to look into the relations and interaction of both the space of Mokpo in 1930`s and reflection of Honampyoungron.

1920~30년대 목포 노동자들의 현실과 문학적 재현

최창근(Choi Chang-Geun) 국어국문학회 2010 국어국문학 Vol.- No.154

This thesis is studied for realistically reconstructing lives of the laborers from 1920s to 1930s in Mokpo by analyzing Park, Hwa-seong's novels. It would be respected to prove background and dairy life of the laborers under the economical and political conditions through it. Further more We could affiliate their realistic recognition and emotional State. When many people come into contact with the specific phenomenon, there's a tendency for them to understand the meaning by setting up the two-opposing relation. But their thoughts of it were easy to be abstracted and ideated. Thus we need to question how this cognition could closely reflect the reality and find out the truth for cleaning out the meaning. Otherwise, the rifling and essential differences would disappear in the general grand discourse: comparison and contrast etc. Our eyes reviewing for the reality of Joseon in 1920~1930s don't seem to differ from here. We also would like to see the past by Nationalistic Discourse for the historical rationalization: to justify the Japanese Colonial Period as problematic situations. But if we reconstruct the figure of the time to the exclusion of ideology, the real-life of that times considerably will be distinguished from what we think. Especially, representation of laborers is most abstractive. Under the historical and literature flows: the Marxism, KAPF and Proletarian movements etc, the existence of laborer would be likely to be ideated regardless of their will. Besides it wonder that laborers of that time would be conscious being. Perhaps they may think of their lives as the struggle for existence not the struggle of class. The purpose of this thesis will focused on this viewpoints.

일제강점기 근대예술가의 혐오와 동정심 - 김동인의 소설과 창작론을 중심으로

최창근 ( Choi Chang-geun ) 전남대학교 인문학연구소 2021 용봉인문논총 Vol.- No.58

Kim Dong-in is one of the pioneers of modern literature and is very important in the history of Korean literature. He wanted to break with the previous generation and introduce new literature to Joseon. However, his attempt was shunned by the public. The feelings he must have felt at this time can be a beginning to understand his novel. In the gap between ideals and reality, he has feelings of disgust and disgust at public taste. For him, pre-modern literature was a low-level art full of coincidence and hypocrisy. On the other hand, the art one seeks is narrated with internal logic by plot. The writer's intervention, Plot, makes literature a creation of artists. He makes framed novels to make the fictional world of plots more perfect. However, Kim Dong-in wanders in shame when the introduction of modern science fails. His incompetence and frustration in front of the wall of reality appeared in shame. Meanwhile, he is obsessed with compassion. His sympathy is not for the poor or the sick. His understanding of people who are not socially understood is his sympathy. He emphasizes the need for sympathy through people who are out of social order, such as criminals. At this time, criminals and artists are similar beings. So for Kim Dong-in, sympathy means understanding an artist.