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지기환,이정,윤창호,하충건,Ji, Ki-Hwan,Lee, Jeong,Yun, Chang-Ho,Ha, Choong-Kun 대한임상독성학회 2006 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.4 No.2
Metronidazole is an antimicrobial drug widely used against various types of infectious agents, including protozoa, amoeba, Helicobacter pylori, and anaerobes. Metronidazole may produce some adverse effects on hematologic, immunologic, neurologic and other systems. We report a case of reversible metronidazole-induced encephalopathy. The toxic dose of metronidazole and the onset of encephalopathy were variable. Two patients showed abnormally high signal intensity in the bilateral dentate nucleus of cerebellum, and characteristic abnormalities were detected by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T2-weighted images, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images and/or diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Discontinuation of metronidazole resulted in the improvement of the neurologic symptoms over a period of two to three weeks. We followed up the brain MRI with DWI in one case following obvious clinical improvement, and the previously detected lesion had disappeared.
A Sleepy Man with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Obstructive Sleep Apnea Overlap Syndrome
지기환 대한수면연구학회 2017 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.14 No.2
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are prevalent and commonly co-occur as overlap syndrome. Patients with an overlap syndrome have a worse prognosis than those with COPD or OSA alone. Here we report a middle-aged man with overlap syndrome who had multiple comorbidities, managed with continuous positive airway pressure and oxygen therapy.
렘수면행동장애에서 수면 중 신체손상병력과 수면무호흡과의 연관성
지기환,강미리 대한수면연구학회 2020 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.17 No.2
Objectives: To investigate whether a history of body injury is associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Methods: We enrolled 56 consecutive patients with RBD, a history of dream-enacting behaviors, and polysomnographic evidence of REM sleep without atonia. Participants were asked whether they had any history of body injuries such as self-injury or bed-partner injury during sleep. The demographic characteristics and polysomnographic parameters of the groups with a history of injury (n=34, 60.7%) and without (n=22, 39.3%) were compared. The association between the history of injury and OSA was assessed. Results: OSA [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5/h) was associated with a history of body injury [odds ratio (OR)=6.25, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.64–23.84]. Additionally, the logistic regression analysis showed that insomnia severity index (OR=0.87, 95% CI=0.80–0.98) and AHI (OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.02–1.18) were associated with history of body injury. Conclusions: Therefore, we can conclude that history of body injury is related to obstructive sleep apnea in patients with RBD.
保安林의 管理改善方案에 關한 硏究 : 忠淸北道를 中心으로
池機煥,李萬雨 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1993 農業科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2
This study was carried out to investigate the current managerial problems, and suggest some ways to improve its managing system for its Reserved Forests(R. Fs) in Korea. The study areas chosen to analyze the current conditions were the appinted R. Fs in two districts, Chongwongun bukeemyon and Koesangun buljeongmyon, Chungbuk province. Using questionaire method, datas were collected from the owners of R. Fs and forest officers charging R. Fs in Chungbuk Province. The results and suggestions are as follow ; 1.The total area of R. Fs in Korea was 206,947ha in 1990. It was 3.19% of the total forests(6, 484,704ha). The main proportion(77.6% ) of its total was assigned for watershed conservation. 2.The area of the R. Fs in Chungbuk province was 16,980ha, of which R. Fs for watershed co-nservation mostly took parts(95.8% ). The other portions were assigned for the soil erosion and runoff prevention(2.2%) and its landscape(2%). 3.The R. Fs should be properly and imediately protected from the damages due to fire, insect pests and diseases in aids of the government. 4.The government should purchase the private forests appointed as R. Fs for the active mana-gement. At least, the government should release some limitations unless the private practices en-danger public benifits. 5.The disadvantages of privately owned R. Fs should be compensated. The land price falling should also be considered as an object of compensation. The forest working plan for R. Fs should be legalized by the government organizatins. 6.A special organization should be installed for the charge of the management of R. Fs, and the appointing and releasing of R. Fs should be conducted by this organization. The number of forest officials should be increased for the proper managing the R. Fs and for enhancing the public benifits of the R. Fs.
Sleep and Respiration of perry syndrome: polysomnographic and pathological Correlations
지기환,Mi-Ri Kang,정은주,Sang Jin Kim 대한수면학회 2018 sleep medicine research Vol.9 No.2
Perry syndrome is a rare, adult-onset, autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by parkinsonism, weight loss, psychiatric symptoms, and central hypoventila- tion. We report the case of a 51-year-old man, whose condition was genetically identi ed as Perry syndrome. Here we focus the polysomnographic (PSG) ndings and discuss the correlations be- tween PSG and neuropathological ndings Perry syndrome is a rare, adult-onset, autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by parkinsonism, weight loss, psychiatric symptoms, and central hypoventila- tion. We report the case of a 51-year-old man, whose condition was genetically identi ed as Perry syndrome. Here we focus the polysomnographic (PSG) ndings and discuss the correlations be- tween PSG and neuropathological ndings.
렘수면 행동장애로 진단된 53명의 인구학적, 임상적, 수면다원검사적 특징
지기환,주은연,홍승봉 대한수면연구학회 2012 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.9 No.2
We investigated the demographic, clinical and polysomnographic features in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Methods: We enrolled the consecutive 53 patients with untreated RBD confirmed by ICSD-2 criteria. All patients showed typical sleep related injurious or disruptive behavior on history and REM sleep without atonia was revealed in polysomnography (PSG). Results: Male (n=38) to female (n=15) ratio was 2.53 : 1. Mean age of RBD onset and age of diagnosis was 58.9 yrs and 62.9 yrs, respectively. The age of diagnosis was not different but the age of onset was younger in female. Twenty two (41.5%) showed sleep-related injury to self or bed partner in history. Twenty seven (50.9%) showed dream acting out using proximal muscle in PSG. Among them, 12 (44.4%) could recall their dream. Two patients with RBD met the diagnostic criteria of Parkinson’s disease. Nine patients who underwent the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification test in any reason showed anosomia (n=1) or hyposomia (n=8). PSG showed increased N1, normal N2, decreased N3 and preserved REM sleep. Twenty-two (41.5%) patients could be diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Conclusions: We identified 53 patients with RBD confirmed with both clinical history and polysomnography. This study shows a higher proportion of female cases, and less association with neurodegenerative disease than earlier reports. OSA prevalence in RBD seems to be higher in this study compared with general population
지기환,홍승봉 대한수면연구학회 2012 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.9 No.2
Many patients with headaches complain of various sleep symptoms and have obstructive sleep apnea. Usually, treatment of sleep apnea with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may improve or resolve headache in a subset of patients. We report a case of new-onset headache after nasal CPAP therapy in an obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patient.