S/W 규모산정을 위한 개선된 FP 모델

조은숙 ( Eun-sook Jo ),김영갑 ( Young-gab Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2004 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.11 No.2

성공적인 소프트웨어 프로젝트를 목표로 합리적인 계획을 수립하기 위하여 프로젝트의 전체 규모에 대한 신속하고 정확한 견적이 중요해지고 있다. IFPUG 의 FPA 견적방식은 이미 검증되어 널리 사용되고 있으나, 복잡성과 모호성으로 인하여 실제 SI 업체의 견적 수행에는 어려움이 있으며 견적작업의 고비용을 초래하고 있다. 본 논문은 기존 FPA 방식의 문제점을 지적하고 이를 개선한 PFP 모델을 제시함으로써 기존보다 쉽고 효과적이며 효율적인 기능점수 견적을 가능하게 하였다.

18C 후반 거문고 합자보(合字譜)에서 육보(肉譜)로의 주(主)기보법 전환의 음악교육적 함의

조은숙(Jo Eun-Sook) 국립국악원 2022 국악원논문집 Vol.45 No.-

주지하듯이 거문고[玄琴]는 15C 이후 식자층의 학금(學琴) 차원에서 정당성과 당위성을 부여받은 악기로 자리매김하여 민간에서 줄곧 애용된다. 이에 따라 거문고 합자보(合字譜)는 성현(成俔, 1439~1504)이 고안하였고, 거문고 육보(肉譜)는 고려조 이래 전해지는 기보법으로 거문고 합자보와 함께 보조적으로 병기되다가 18C 후반 몇몇 악보에서 중심기보법으로 전환되는 시기를 지나 19C 이후 주된 기보법으로 정착하여 오늘에 이른다. 한편, 기보법은 일정한 약속이나 규칙에 따라 청각 현상인 음악을 기호나 문자 등으로 시각화․상징화하여 전달함으로써 근본적으로 교육적인 측면이 내재한다. 따라서 본고는 거문고 기보법 각각의 본질적인 특징을 교육적 관점으로 조명하여 18C 후반 주요 기보법 전환에 따른 음악교육적 함의를 밝히고자 세 가지 논점을 중심으로 논의하였다. 첫째, 거문고 합자보는 현명(絃名)과 괘(棵)의 순서, 지명(指名), 탄법(彈法) 등의 종합 정보를 각각의 약자와 부호로 일정한 약속 체계를 정하고 모아놓은 형태의 구체적인 기보 체계이며, 학습자 혼자서도 연주법을 쉽게 터득할 수 있도록 고안된 점이 주목된다. 이는 15C 이후 학금 활동을 적극적으로 수용한 교육 수요층이 증가함에 따라 거문고 스승을 대면하지 못하는 상황에서도 스스로 연주법을 터득하기 위한 도구의 개발이 절실히 요구된 것에 기인한다. 또한, 거문고 합자보는 15C 정립된 이후 18C까지 300여 년간 거문고의 주요 기보법으로써 식자층에서 적극적으로 학습 및 활용되면서 개인과 가문 차원의 교육적 범주를 초월하여 점차 사회 차원의 학금의 도구로 역할 하였으며, 이를 통해 거문고 관련 배경지식이 폭넓게 축적되는 직접적인 통로가 되었다. 둘째, 풍류방은 인격 수양을 위해 개인 차원에서 학금 활동을 실천하던 식자층이 조선 후기 사회 변동으로 인해 신분 을 초월하여 폭넓게 교유하는 장이 되면서 사회 차원의 음악 소통 문화를 선도하는 중심지 역할을 담당하였다. 또한, 풍 류방은 전국적으로 확산하여 다수의 음악 향유층을 양산하였고, 이에 따라 거문고 연주법 습득 욕구를 자극하면서 교육 적 수요를 증가시켰다. 특히 풍류방이 전국적으로 확대되고 다양한 계층이 참여하는 과정에서 거문고 스승이나 사우(師 友)를 직접 대면하여 연주법을 습득할 기회가 증대하였다. 이러한 대면 학습을 통한 교육 환경적 변화는 교사와 학습자 사이에 상호작용을 촉진하고 학습적 동기부여와 교육적 만족도가 향상되어 거문고 연주 능력이 발전․심화하는 계기를 마 련하였다. 셋째, 거문고 육보는 현명과 괘의 순서, 지명, 탄법 등의 종합 정보를 1~3자(字)의 한글이나 이두 문자로 일정한 약속 체계를 정하고 간단하게 표기하여 함축적인 의미를 지닌 기보 체계이며, 합자보 정립 이전부터 오랫동안 역사적으로 활용하였다. 특히 육보는 악기의 생생한 연주 소리를 목소리로 묘사한 구연(口演) 구음(口音)을 직접적으로 활용한 기보법으로써 생동감과 실제감을 느낄 수 있어 음악을 전달하는 교육적 수단으로 내재적 가치를 지니며, 대면 학습 환경에서 스승이 직접 구음을 시연하면서 연주법을 전수할 때 교육적 효과가 극대화된다. 또한, 거문고 육보는 내재적으로 지닌 교육적 가치와 생명력을 바탕으로 18C 후반 이후 거문고 합자보를 대체하여 주요 기보법으로 전환되었고, 19C를 지나 현시대에 이르기까지 교육 현장에서 활용한다. As is well known, geomun’go [玄琴 hyeon geum ] was established as an instrument that has been given legitimacy and justification at the dimension of hakgeum (學琴 lit. learning geomungo) for the literati since the 15th century, and has been used in the private sector. Geomungo hapjabo (合字譜) was designed by Seong Hyeon (成俔, 1439-1504) while geomungo yukbo (肉譜), a notation method passed down since the Goryeo Dynasty, was used as an auxiliary notation along with geomungo hapjabo and settled as a main notation since the 19th century. The notation fundamentally has an educational aspect by visualizing and symbolizing music that is an auditory phenomenon, into symbols or letters according to certain promises or rules, and delivers it to people. Therefore, this paper focuses on three issues to reveal the musical educational implications of the transition of major notation in the late 18th century by highlighting the essential characteristics of each geomungo notation from an educational point of view. First, it is noteworthy that geomungo hapjabo is a specific notation system in which comprehensive information such as string names, order of frets (棵 gwae ), finger names, and fingering techniques (彈法 tanbeop ) is set with each abbreviation and code, and is designed to make it easier for learners to learn how to play alone. This is due to the urgent need to develop tools to learn how to play on their own even in situations where they could not face geomungo teachers as the demand of the learners for education who actively accepted hakgeum activities had increased since the 15th century. In addition, geomungo hapjabo had been actively learned and utilized as the main notation by the literati for 300 years since the 15th century up to 18C, gradually serving as a tool for learning geomungo in social dimension beyond the educational category of individuals and families. Eventually it became a route for widely accumulating geomungo -related background knowledge. Second, pungnyubang (風流房) served as a center for leading the music communication culture at the social level as the literati, who practiced hakgeum activities at the individual level to train personality, had been broadly socializing there beyond class due to social changes in the late Joseon Dynasty. In addition, it spread nationwide and produced a number of music-enjoying groups, thereby stimulating the desire to learn how to play geomungo and increasing educational demand. In particular, in the process of expanding the pungnyubang nationwide and various social classes’ participating in it, opportunities to learn how to play from geomungo teachers or friends by face-to-face increased. These changes in the educational environment through face-to-face learning facilitated interaction between teachers and learners and improved learning motivation and educational satisfaction, providing an opportunity for developing and deepening of geomungo performance skills. Third, geomungo yukbo is a notation system with implications by setting and simply marking comprehensive information such as string names, order of frets, finger names, and fingering techniques in one to three letters in Korean or idu (吏頭) letters, and has been used historically for a long time before the establishment of hapjabo . It directly utilizes gueum (口音 verbal sound) to describe vivid instruments’ sound, which makes you feel a sense of vitality and reality. Therefore, it has intrinsic value as an educational means of delivering music, and its educational effect is maximized when the teacher demonstrates it directly in a face-to-face learning environment. Therefore, geomungo yukbo was converted into a major notation by replacing geomungo apjabo since the late 18th century based on the inherent educational value and vitality, and has been used in the educational field until the present era through the 19th century.

스마트폰 과의존 초등학생을 위한 드라마심리집단상담 프로그램 개발과 효과

조은숙(Eun-Sook Jo),하정(Jung Ha) 한국문화교육학회 2017 문화예술교육연구 Vol.12 No.1

본 연구는 스마트폰 과의존 초등학생을 위한 드라마심리집단상담 프로그램을 개발하고 실시하여 그 효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이의 연구실행을 위하여 박인우(1995)의 프로그램개발 모형을 기초하여 조사, 분석, 설계, 구안, 실시, 평가 6단계의 체계적인 과정을 통하여 극적방법으로 생각하고 느끼고 행동하는 통합적 체험과정의 총 10회기 드라마심리집단상담 프로그램을 개발하였다. 연구대상은 J도에 소재한 M초등학교 전교생을 대상으로 스마트폰 과다사용 진단조사 결과 고위험군 이상으로 선별된 학생 중 남학생 12명을 실험집단과 통제집단에 각각 6명씩 무선배정하여 실험집단에 드라마심리상담 프로그램을 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 평균과 표준편차를 구하고 집단간의 차이를 보기 위해 공분산분석을 실시하였다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 드라마심리집단상담 프로그램이 스마트폰 과의존 초등학생의 스마트폰 사용 감소와 공격성 완화 및 사회성 향상에 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구결과는 드라마심리집단상담의 스마트폰 과의존 대상 활용 가능성을 제시하였고, 다양한 연령층의 스마트폰 과의존 대상을 위한 프로그램 개발 활성화에 기여하였다는데 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is to develop and verify the effect a drama psychological group counseling program for elementary school students who are overly dependent on smartphones. For the purpose, we developed a total of 10 sessions of drama psychology group counseling program which consisted of six stages of systematic process such as investigation, analysis, design, construction, implementation and evaluation based on the program development model of Park In Woo(1995) was adopted. The participants of this study were all students of M elementary school students in J-Do. As a result of the overuse diagnostic test for smartphone, 12 male students were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group, respectively, and the dramatic psychological group counseling program was applied to the experimental group. The collected data was analyzed by frequency analysis, analysis of covariance(ANCOVA), using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. The results of this study showed that the drama psychological group counseling program had positive effects on reducing the use of smartphones, reducing aggression, and improving sociality of male elementary school students who overly reluctant on smartphones. The significance of this research is as follows: This study showed that drama psychological group counseling program is helpful for students who overly reluctant on smartphones, and contribute to the activation of program development for various age groups who overly dependent on smartphones.

Autographa californica 핵다각체병 바이러스의 IE1 유전자에 의해 형질전환된 곤충세포주의 특성

조은숙(Eun Sook Jo),박혜진(Hye Jin Park),이광식(Gwang Sik Lee),강석우(Suk Woo Kang),윤은영(Eun Young Yoon),김근영(Geun Young Kim),손홍대(Hong Dae Son),진병래(Byung Rae Jin) 대한바이러스학회 1999 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.29 No.2

Transformation efficiency, virus multiplication and foreign gene expression were characterized in the insect cells transformed with Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) immediate early 1 gene (lE1). Transformation efficiency of insect cells by AcNPV IE1 gene vector horboring foreign gene was approximately 8-fold higher in the Sf9 cells transformed previously with AcNPV IE1 gene than in the normal Sf9 cells. Virus multiplication and foreign gene expression of recombinant baculovirus in the Sf9 cells transformed with AcNPV IE1 gene were similar to those of the normal Sf9 cells. These results suggest that transformed cells displaying foreign gene product by using AcNPV IE1 gene promoter will be useful for the diverse applications of insect cells.

입원 환자의 사회적 지지와 안위에 관한 연구

조은숙,김경희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2003 중앙간호논문집 Vol.7 No.2

As the quality of 1iving continues to get better, the demand of comfort of patients in admission is now being required more and more resulting in the need for it to be accomplished. Many research papers also show that the social support is extremely crucial in the patient nursing. The purpose of this research is that we estimate the level of the social support and the comfort of patients in admission, while analysing the relationship between the two variables, and try to suggest the basic data of the development of nursing intervention for the patient comfort. The subjects of this investigation were 191 inpatients in two University Hospitals located in Seoul, Korea and the data were collected for 13 days from August 26 to September 7. by using the questionnaire method after patient's permission to fully cooperate with this study. The measurements of the social support were performed with the measurement method which analyse the social support perceived indirectly, developed by J-W Park(1985). And the comfort was measured by 5points-scale that the author modified the method of the comfort measurement developed by Kolcaba(1991). The reliability of theses measurements was Cronbach's α=0.96 for the social support and Cronbach's α=0.91 for the comfort. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS program. The general characteristics of inpatients were analyzed by calculating the real quantity and the percentage, and the social support and the comfort were identified through calculating the mean value of individual domain and standard deviation. The difference of the general characteristics between the social support and the comfort was analysed by t-test and ANOVA Furthermore, the correlation of the general characteristics between the social support and the comfort was analysed by measuring Pearson's coefficient. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average value for the social support of inpatients was 92.75(SD=17.75) among the possible ranges of 25-125. In the cases of the lower domains of the social support, the average value for the emotional support was 41.80(SD=8.14), 18.65(SD=3.65) for the evaluation support, 17.60(SD=4.05) for the materialistic support, and 14.72(SD=3.40) for the informational support. 2. The average value for the comfort of inpatients was 160.32(SD=19.68) among the possible ranges of 48-250, showing the scale more than the average value(105.0) 3. The analysis of the social support according to general characteristics of inpatients showed the statistically significant difference on sex(t=-2.74 p=0.007), age(F=3.14, p=0.026) and educational background(F=6.31, p=0.002). 4. In the comfort, there was no statistically significant difference according to general characteristics of inpatient. 5. There was a positive correlation(r=0.563, p=0.000) between the social support and the comfort. Form the results above mentioned, we observed the positive correlation between the social support and the comfort. So the comfort can be expected to be accomplished by developing or providing the nursing intervention on basis of the individual and whole man according to the individual social support of inpatients. Based on the results so far achieved, we suggest as follows: 1. The researches for the related factors influencing on the social support and e comfort must be performed. 2. Being crucial in the nursing intervention to inpatients. the level of the social support and the comfort need to be studied repeatedly by the methods of measurement already developed so far.