求那跋陀羅譯 『雜阿含經』에 보이는 번역상의 문제점 - 大空法經을 일례로

정진일(Chung Jin-Il) 불교학연구회 2007 불교학연구 Vol.18 No.-

  For the purpose of identifying and understanding Buddhist Sanskrit texts, especially those which are preserved only in a fragmentary state, the importance of the Chinese parallels cannot be emphasized strongly enough (in this context cf. Enomoto 2004). However, even with a perfect understanding of the Chinese language, the Chinese versions can be very unclear and ambiguous in their content and meanings. The Za ­ahanjing, a Chinese translation of the Sa?yukt?gama by Gu?abhadra, is no exception. This article intends to highlight some of the problematic features and inconsistencies of the Za ­ahanjing, through investigation of a s?tra by the name of Mah???nyat?­dharmapary?ya. In addition, this article will suggest some possible solutions in response to the mentioned problems. Readers can find a juxtaposition of the Chinese and Sanskrit versions of the Mah???nyat? dharmapary?ya with the P?li parallel, as included in the appendix.

범어 원전의 개발과 읽기 ; 한역 중아함경 상당 산스크리트 사본 잔엽들 -조사 현황과 전망-

정진일 ( Jin Il Chung ) 인도철학회 2010 印度哲學 Vol.0 No.30

The relationship between the so-called Sarvastivada and Mulasarvastivada traditions remains one of the most intricate topics of Buddhist studies on which source materials seem to reveal little reliable information. In particular, as far as the school affiliation of the Zhong ahanjing, i.e. the Chinese Madhyamagama and its relationship to other texts are con-cerned, the problem seems to be more complex and may require a thorough study from different points of view. Our forthcoming survey of Sanskrit fragments corresponding to the Chinese Madhyamagama gives a brief outline of previous and current research on this topic and on other relevant topics. The primary purpose of this survey is, however, to provide an overview of the Sanskrit material that has been identified as belonging to, or as being an equivalent of, a sutra of the Zhong-ahanjing. References of Sanskrit parallels, citations, numerical categories of doctrinal concepts, and stock phrases will also be included. In doing so, the authors seek to lay a more solid material basis for future editions and comparative studies.

OFDM 시스템에 적합한 Serial Pipeline 방식의 SRFFT 설계

정진일(Jin-il Chung),임재형(Jae-hyung Lim),조용범(Yong-beom Cho) 대한전자공학회 2002 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2002 No.6

아함(阿含) 경전(經典)에 보이는 부파(部派) 소속(所屬)의 판단 기준으로서의 률적(律的) 요소: 륙쟁본(六諍本)을 일례(一例)로

정진일 ( Jin Il Chung ) 인도철학회 2012 印度哲學 Vol.0 No.34

Discussions on the Sarvastivada and Mulasarvastivada works have often focused on the differences in diction between the Sanskrit versions of the Agama texts, namely those from Eastern Turkestan and those from Gilgit. Thereby the general consensus of opinion seems to have been that the Sanskrit Vinaya texts from Eastern Turkestan, which show congruency with the Shisong-lu, derive from the same Buddhist school as the Agama texts found in the same region. The Agama texts from Eastern Turkestan and those contained in the so-called Mulasarvastivada Vinaya from Gilgit are, apart from differences in diction, by and large congruent, whereas the Vinaya texts differ from each other considerably. This circumstance has led scholars to assume that the two Buddhist schools possessed their own Vinaya traditions, but shared an Agama tradition. The Za-ahanjing, i.e. the Chinese Samyuktagama, supposedly derives from the same tradition as the so-called Mulasarvastivada Vinaya. This assumption is also supported through a comparative study of the former with the Vinaya texts of different traditions. And so we may safely infer that the Buddhists who passed down the Za-ahanjing were very closely related to, or were the same as, those who passed down the Mulasarvastivada Vinaya. On the other hand, a comparison of the sutras preserved in the Shisong-lu with those in the Za-ahanijing and the Sanskrit parallels from Eastern Turkestan as well as Gilgit seems to suggest that the Shisong-lu derives from a textual tradition different from that of the other three. This view is corroborated through further passages in the Mahaparinirvada-sutra of the Dirghagama containing the story of the ``Cremation of Buddha``s Body and Distribution of the Relics``. The story in the Eastern Turkestan version of the Mahaparinirvada-sutra finds parallels in the Mulasarvastivada Vinaya as well as in the Shisong-lu, and is congruent with that preserved in the Mulasarvastivada Vinaya, but shows considerable differences from the Shisong-lu version. The congruency between the Sanskrit Agama texts from Eastern Turkestan and the Mulasarvastivada Vinaya does not seem to have been confined to the Agama citations, or to the narrative portions. In the Sangiti-sutra reconstructed on the basis of Sanskrit fragments from Eastern Turkestan there are passages on the six roots of contention(Skt. sad vivadamulani). These passages show a striking similarity to the corresponding portion in the Adhikaranavastu from Gilgit, a degree of similarity which cannot be observed between the Shisong-lu and the so-called Mulasarvastivada Vinaya. From this point of view, it is tempting to assume that the Buddhists who passed down the Agama tradition found in Eastern Turkestan possessed a Vinaya corpus which rather looked like the Vinaya from Gilgit than the Shisong-lu, possibly with specific features in diction corresponding to those of the Agama texts. Seeing that the existence of both Vinaya traditions has been proven in Eastern Turkestan, admittedly in unequal frequencies for whatever reason, a reconsideration of the relationship between the Agama texts from Eastern Turkestan and the so-called Sarvastivada Vinaya tradition including the Shisong-lu, appears to be indispensible.

세라믹 캔들 필터 집진장치 실험용 Ash 입도 분석

정진도(Jin Do Chung),김승태(Seung Tae Kim),정현일(Hyun Il Jeong),김종영(Chong Young Kim) 대한환경공학회 1996 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1996 No.12

주물형 베이스 플레이드를 사용한 합성강관 기둥 노출형 주각의 탄소성 휨거동

정진안(Chung Jin-An),양일승(Yang Il-Seung),최성모(Choi Sung-Mo) 대한건축학회 2003 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.19 No.2

This paper deals with the experimental work with the objective to gain a better understanding of the elasto-plastic behavior of steel-concrete composite column bases under seismic loading. Seven specimens were tested to investigate structural behavior of steel-concrete composite column bases. The specimen consisted of concrete filled steel tube (CFT) column (or steel tube column), reinforced concrete footing beam, high base unit of cast steel and 4 high strength anchor bolts. The following main influential elements were taken into consideration: axial load level and type of column (CFT or empty steel tube, rectangular section or circular section). Specimens were subjected to cyclic seismic lateral loading at the column tops under constant axial load. The cyclic lateral load was applied according to a predetermined sequence of rotation angle cycles of column base. Experimental results verified that the rotation stiffness and flexural strength of CFT column base calculated according to the formulas given by this paper were in coincidence with the test results in cases of lower axial load without reference to the type of column. For the specimens under higher axial load, formulas underestimated their rotation stiffness and flexural strength. The comparison indicates that several modifications should be taken into consideration in column base design formulas of steel structure in order to make effective use of these formulas in CFT column base design, especially for column bases under higher axial load. It is made clear that ultimate flexural strength of this kind column base can be evaluated by ultimate strength with the coefficient of bearing stress of concrete taken into account.

현대 성당 공간 구성 요소의 현상학적 표현 방법에 관한 연구

정진원(Chung, Jin-Won),소병일(So, Byung-Il) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.11

Since churches are a spiritual meeting place between people and God, church architecture requires elements that can bring out admiration for the almighty or religious feelings. Humans experience through what they see with eyes, which act as a bridge of imagination, and can even believe they have experienced what actually does not exist. Thus, people use senses based on vision to perceive, analyze, and understand the stimulations from objects and the world. Particularly, in experiencing the space in architecture, it requires perception that combines body senses and its interaction with the space in order to understand hidden meaning of the space. A philosophical explanation namely phenomenology is needed in order to explain such mechanism, because a church is not simply a building but a religious architecture that should bring out admiration and religious sentiment for the Supreme Being. Therefore, it requires many symbols and spatial devices to lead people to God. This study, hence, examines the phenomenological concept of space of Merleau Ponty, which emphasizes experience through body perception, and perception methods in order to explain the phenomenological expressions of modern churches and their relation to architecture styles, and the results are as follows: Spatial perception, Memory and empirical perception, Transformative perception and Synesthetic perception. The phenomenological expressions illustrated by spatial composition factor of architecture (water feature, wall, column, window, skylight, surrounding, belfry with cross, stairs, ramp, and bridge, etc.) are perceived by the four senses mentioned above. These allow forming proper church architecture space where God, people, and nature become integrated, as well as ‘religious richness’ through the believers’ ‘active participation.’

바이오가스의 발생원별 성상분석 및 연료전지 적용을 위한 전기적 특성 연구

정진도(Jin-Do Chung),김장우(Jang-Woo Kim),구경완(Kyung-Wan Koo),김일중(Il-Jung Kim),함기용(Ki-Yong Ham),서문준(Jun Seo Mun) 대한전기학회 2011 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.4-1

외다이아프램을 사용한 현장용접형 각형강관ㆍH형강보 접합부의 탄소성거동에 관한 연구

정진안(Chung Jin-An),한석종(Han Seok-Jong),양일승(Yang Il-Seung) 대한건축학회 2010 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.26 No.8

This study focuses on the development of a new method of H-shaped beam-to-square column connection with outer diaphragm with field welding. The specific type of beam-to column connection with external stiffener using field welding is proposed. The structural behavior of this connection is examined experimentally. The two loading type tests are conducted under the experimental parameters given as details. First are described symmetrical loading test that supported the both ends or a beam simply and applied load from the column top end for investigating a fundamental characteristic of this connection. Further are given the anti- symmetrical loading test that carries out simple support of the column top end and the column base, and applied load from the both ends of a beam for investigating structural performance of this connection. From the results, it makes clear that the external stiffener type connection proposed in this paper is reliable connection method.

매립형 SRC 기둥재의 변형성능에 대한 축력의 영향

정진안,양일승,최성모,Chung, Jin-An,Yang, Il-Seung,Choi, Sung-Mo 한국강구조학회 2003 韓國鋼構造學會 論文集 Vol.15 No.3

본 논문은 매립형 SRC기둥의 축력과 변형능력과의 관계를 찾아내기 위하여 해석적인 연구를 수행하였다. 해석 모델은 캔틸레버기둥으로 한정하였으며 SRC 기둥의 비탄성 거동에 영향을 미치는 변수들인 철골비, 매립철골형상과 전단스팬과 춤과의 비에 대하여 검토하였다. 일정회전각하에 축력과 반복수평력을 받는 SRC기둥의 안정적 거동을 보장하기 위한 최대한계축력이 있다는 것을 해석결과들은 보여 주고 있다. 반복 횡하중을 받는 기둥이 저항할 수 있는 최대축력은 소요회전각을 보장하는 안정한계축력으로서 정의된다. 해석결과에 따르면 안정한 계축력비는 강재의 강도가 증가함에 따라 콘크리트의 강도가 감소함에 따라 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 I형 단면이 매립형 철골로 사용될때 철골 단면적이 증가함에 따라 안정한계 축력비는 증가하며, 십자형 단면이 사용되는 경우에는 단면적에 의한 영향이 거의 없었다. In this paper, an analytical approach hwas been conductsed to clarify the relationships between the axial force and the deformation capacity of steel- encased reinforced- concrete beam-columns. The analytical model was defined as a cantilever. Several parameters influencing the inelastic performance of the beam-columns were selected, as follows: including encased steel area ratios, and sectional shapes of the encased steel, material strengths, and shear-span- to-depth ratios. The Analytical results of the analysis showed that the axial force had to have a maximum limit to ensure the stable behavior of a steel- encased reinforced- concrete beam-column when it was subjected to both axial and repeated lateral loading under a constant rotation angle amplitude. The maximum axial force of the beam-column to be resisted under cyclic lateral loading was defined as the stable-limit axial force to ensure the required rotation angle amplitude. The Analytical results of the analysis indicate that the stable-limit axial load ratio increases as the steel strength increases or as the compressive strength of the concrete decreases. The stable-limit axial load ratio decreases as the encased steel ' s sectional area increases in the case of a 1-shaped sections and it is almost not influenced by the steel sectional area in the case of a cross-shaped section.