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전현수 대구사학회 2018 대구사학 Vol.130 No.-
Around the end of the war, provincial governors who had served the Japanese Governor-General in North Korea sought to forestall social turmoil by creating an association for maintaining public order with right-wing nationalists. Instead, nationalists banded together to form an organization aiming to foster autonomy in the newly independent nation. Bourgeois nationalists took charge of the majority of these local self-government bodies, variably called “preparation committees for the founding of the country” and “local-government committees.” The leadership of the Soviet occupying forces in North Korea restructured the local self-government bodies into people’s government committees by combining the bodies with Communist organizations in the corresponding areas on a one-to-one ratio. The Soviet authorities then transferred administrative power to the people’s government committees under an occupation policy manifestly intended to strengthen the left. The Soviet army desired to replace anti-Soviet nationalists in the local self-government bodies with communists by ousting the former. To that end, the Soviet army endeavored to unify the organizing principles of local self-government bodies and reconstitute each class of self-government bodies through elections. As a result, each class of self-government bodies transformed into people’s committees dominated by the left wing and excluding anti-Soviet nationalists opposed to the Soviet trusteeship. 종전에 즈음해서 북조선의 총독부 도지사들은 우파 민족주의자들을 포섭하여 치안유지회를 조직해서 사회적 혼란을 막고자 했다. 그러나 민족주의자들은 자주적인 독립국가의 건설을 준비하는 조직을 결성했다. 건국준비위원회나 자치위원회로 불린 지방자치기관들은 대부분 부르주아 민족주의자들이 주도했다. 북조선에 진주한 소련군의 지도부는 지방자치기관들을 해당 지역의 공산당 조직과 1:1로 통합하여 인민정치위원회로 개편해서 여기에 행정권을 이양했다. 소련군의 점령정책은 명백히 좌익의 강화를 목적으로 한 것이었다. 소련군은 지방자치기관들에서 반소적인 민족주의자들을 축출하고 공산주의자들로 대체하려고 했다. 이를 위해 북조선 지방자치기관의 조직원칙을 통일하고 선거를 통해 각급 자치기관을 재구성하고자 했다. 이후 각급 자치기관은 신탁통치에 반대하는 반소적인 민족주의자들이 배제된 좌파 우위의 인민위원회로 개편되었다.
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전현수,박시형,박진한,박상율,김현주,김모세,이영진,김대경 仁濟大學校 白病院 2010 仁濟醫學 Vol.31 No.-
Background and Objectives Congestive heart failure remains a major and growing public health problem despite recent developing of therapy. Cardiac resynchronization can reduce the LBBB-induced mechanical interventricular dyssynchrony and intraventricular dyssynchrony. QRS duration is useful but is not the sine qua non indicator of mechanical dyssynchrony. The aim of this study was to evaluate mechanical dyssynchrony by using echocardiography in patients with heart failure and compare it with that of normal subjects. Subjects and Methods: 74 patients were included in this study. They were categorized into three groups. 30 patients served as normal subjects. 29 patients had HF and narrow QRS complexes. 15 patients had heart failure and wide QRS complexes. We assessed the time from the onset of QRS to the onset of the aortic and pulmonary flow using pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography on the apical three-chamber view and parasternal short-axis view, and measured the time from the onset of QRS to the pea(c myocardial velocity using tissue doppler imaging at each basal four segment in the apical two and four-chamber views. Results: The mean difference between right ventricle and left ventricle was prolonged in the wide QRS group compared with those of narrow QRS group and normal controls.(controls 4.5±11.1㎳, narrow QRS group 13.5±5.0msL, wide QRS group 46.5±20.4㎳) The prevalence of interventricular dyssynchrony was 3.4% in the narrow QRS group, 53.3% in the wide QRS group. Intraventricular delay between septal and lateral wall was prolonged in the narrow and wide QRS group compared with one of normal controls.(controls 18.7±14.0㎳, narrow QRS group 55.6±83.5㎳, wide QRS group 78.2±70.0㎳) The prevalence of intraventricular dyssynchrony was 27.6% in the narrow QRS group, 53.3% in the wide QRS group. Intraventricular delay between anterior and inferior wall was prolonged in the narrow and wide QRS compared with one of normal subjects.(controls 19.2±14.0㎳, narrow QRS group 45.5±50.0㎳, wide QRS group 69.3±51.1㎳) The prevalence of intraventricular dyssynchrony was 27.6% in the narrow QRS group, 33.3% in the wide QRS group. Conclusion: Wide QRS duration has been mainly used to predict the interventricular and intraventricular dyssynchrony. we can also find the intraventricular dysynchrony even in the patients with HF with narrow QRS complexes. Our results revealed that intraventricular dyssynchronyis may be more related LVEF than QRS duration. 새 로운 기전의 규명과 약제의 개발에도 불구하고 심부전의 유병률은 계속 증가하고 있다. 심장 재 동기화술 (cardiac resynchronization therapy) 이 심장의 기능을 개선시키는 기전이 완전히 이해되지는 못하였지만 약물요법에 반응하지 않는 심부전 환자, 특히 넓은 QRS 폭의 좌각차단 (left bundle branch block, LBBB) 을 가진 심부전 환자에서 우심실과 좌심실 사이의 비 동기 화 (interventricular dyssynchony) 와 좌심실내 의 비동기화 (intraventricular dyssynchrony) 를 감소시킴으로서 심장기능을 개선하는 것 으로 알려져 있다. 또한 Leslie 등은 심장 재동기화술 이 BNP(brain natriuretic peptide) 및 혈장 norepinephrine을 정상화하고 autonornic balance를 회복시켜 심박수의 변동성을 개선하고 좌심실 재형성 을 regres sion 한다고 보고한 바 있다. 그러나 실제 중증 수축 기능 장애를 가진 심부전 환자에서 넓은 QRS 폭 좌각차단을 가진 환자는 20~30 % 에 불과하고 이들 환자 중에서 도 상당수는 심장 재동기화술에 반응하지 않는다고 알려져 있다. 이는 QRS 폭이 심실 간 비 동기화와 심실내 비동기화를 모두 반영 하지 못하기 때문일 것으로 생각된다. 또한 여러 연구들은 넓은 QRS 폭을 가진 우각차단 (right bundle branch block, RBBB) 환자나 심지어 좁은 QRS 폭 을 가진 심부전 환자에서 조차도 심실 내 비 동기화가 증명된 경우 심장 재동기화술이 도움이 된다고 보고하였다. 따라서 최근에는 QRS 폭보다 기계적인 비동기 화 (mechanical dyssynchrony) 를 바로 직접적으로 평가하고자 하는 여러 방법이 시도되고 있다. 본 연구는 심부전으로 진단된 환자에서 QRS 폭에 따른 심실 간 및 심실내 비동기화의 정도를 심초음파를 이용하여 평가해보고 이것을 대조군과 비교 해 보았다. 그리고 본 연구 결과 를 앞으로 한국인에서 심장 재동기화술이 필요한 환자를 선택하거나 연구할 때 기초 자료로 사용하고자 한다.
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전현수 경남대학교 북한대학원 1999 현대북한연구 Vol.2 No.1
<Abstract>This paper explores the nationalization of major industry and the economic planning of the people during the post-liberation era. Specifically, this paper examines the impact of the industrial policies i nstituted by the Soviet Military Government.Following liberation, the industry of North Korea was on the verge of serious crisis with a high rate of dependence on imports of materials, resources, and equipment. As of October 1945, approximately 60 percent of whole industries were coming to a standstill. The Soviet Military Government took steps to normalize North Korean production under close cooperation with the People's Republic. They directly intervened in industrial management and appointed industrial consultants who were exclusively responsible for controlling military and heavy industry.Industrial policies of the Soviet Military Government caused suspicions of their real intent, especially from the North Korean elite. To soothe their anti-Soviet sentiment, the Soviet government completely changed their industrial policy and transferred industry, transportation, communication and banks previously owned by the Japanese to North Koreans.Since nationalization, all activities of the industrial section were under the direct control of the Office Industry. An organization SYSTEM for planning was established. In national enterprises, unique managing SYSTEM and independent profit SYSTEM were introduced.From 1947 to 1948, all activities of North Korea's industry were accomplished under the one and only People's Economic Plan. Basic direction of the People's Economic Plan included a changeover from a military industry into peacetime industry and light industry and necessities of life were rapidly devoloped. The growth rate of total industrial output of North Korea was highly maintained. However, the entire industry of North Korea could not recover to the same level as in 1944.In the economic policy, the People's Republic concentrated on nationalization of the economy. They guaranteed heavy industry first and made all possible efforts to develop light industry in order to raise the standard of living.Key Words: North Korea, Industry, Nationalization, Planning People's-Economy.
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전현수,이종범 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.1
RNA interference technology can be used as a treatment for malignant tumor cells, often known as cancer, because it can induce apoptosis by targeting specific cells while minimizing direct effects on body gene maps. However, there is still a problem of delivering siRNA to target cells because of the large reactivity of the RNA compared to DNA that is stable in vivo. The methods that use a polymer or lipid for siRNA has been introduced, but there is no standardized method because of consideration of cytotoxicity in vivo or difficulty of synthesis. In this study, we introduced a method of simply using calcium ion as a transfection agent for short-interference RNA nanoparticles(NP). Calcium has the advantage that it is not necessary to consider the toxicity, in vivo, since it is already existed in the body for bone formation or intracellular osmotic pressure control. We coated siRNA NP with calcium ion and then analyzed the physical properties of particles and carried out in vitro test.
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사회적기업의 조직역량이 사회적 성과에 미치는 효과: 경제적 성과의 조절효과 분석
전현수,최균 사단법인 사회적기업학회 2020 사회적기업연구 Vol.13 No.3
The aim of this study examines the effect of organization capacity(socialentrepreneurship, network capacity, financial capacity, innovation capacity) ofsocial enterprise in social service on social and economic outcome, and analyzethe moderation effect of economic outcome on social outcome. As a result, network capacity, innovation capacity positively influenced socialoutcome of social enterprise, and financial capacity influenced economicoutcome of social enterprise. There is no moderation effect of economicoutcome on social outcome, and it means trade-off relation between socialoutcome and economical outcome. Conclusionally, It needs balanced support program of government for socialenterprise to raise the level of social outcome, because the direction of policyof social enterprise support is focused on economical independence and marketcompetence. 본 연구는 조직역량이 사회서비스 업종 사회적 기업에도 적용할 수 있는 성과요인인지를 밝히고, 이들 요인이 경제적 성과에 따라 사회적 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 사회적기업의 조직역량은자원기반이론에 기초하여 사회적 기업가정신과 네트워크역량, 재무역량, 혁신역량으로 파악하였다. 분석 결과 네트워크역량과 혁신역량은 사회적 성과에 정(+)적 영향을 미쳤으며, 경제적 성과에는 재무역량만이 정(+)적 영향을 미치는 요인으로 밝혀졌다. 이는 사회적 성과와 경제적 성과에 각기 다른 요인이 영향을 미치고 있음을 의미한다. 또한, 사회적 성과에 대한 조직역량의 영향에서 경제적 성과의 조절효과는없는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 사회적기업의 경제적 성과와 사회적 성과 간에 영향요인이 상이하고, 경제적 성과가 사회적 성과에 대한 조절효과가 없다는 점을 통해 이들 간의 상호작용효과가 존재하지 않음을 확인하였다. 또한, 우리나라의 사회적기업 정책 방향이 경제적 자립과 시장경쟁력 확보에 초점이 맞춰진 상황에서사회적 성과를 함께 고려하는 균형적인 지원 정책 확대의 필요성을 제언하였다.
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