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교과교육학 : 청소년의 도덕성 측정 연구 -Rst의 4-구성요소 모형을 중심으로-
전종희 ( Jonghee Jeon ),홍성훈 ( Seong Hoon Hong ) 한국윤리교육학회 2014 윤리교육연구 Vol.0 No.33
본 연구의 목적은 도덕적 사고(지식)보다는 도덕적 행동에 초점을 둔 Rest의 4-구성요소 모형 (Four-Component Model)에 의거하여 도덕 감수성·판단력·동기화·품성 등 4개 하위요소로서 청소년의 도덕성을 측정하여 청소년 생활지도나 도덕교육을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는 데 있다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 대도시, 중소도시, 읍면지역의 학교에 재학 중인 청소년 565 명을 대상으로 도덕성 검사를 실시하고 네 요소의 발달적 분포와 네 요소 간의 관계, 행동 선택의 빈도와 비율 등을 확인하기 위해 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, 상관분석, 독립표본 t-test, 일원배치분산분 석(one way ANOVA) 등을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과가 청소년 대상의 생활지도와 도덕교육의 목표와 방향, 내용과 방법의 개선을 위한 기초 자료로 유용하게 활용되기를 기대한다. The object of this study is to measure morality of Korean Adolescents based on “the Four Component Model" which was suggested by J. Rest in 1983. The components of the model are psychological processes which must work in order moral action to result. There are at least four processes that produce moral behavior: (1) moral sensitivity, (2) moral judgment, (3) moral motivation, and (4) moral character. The participants in this study were 565 2nd students of middle and high school in Korea. The investigator conducted frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, etc. This study suggested conclusions and discussion, and proposals on future research based on the results. We expect that the results of this study will be useful to guidance and moral education for Korean adolescents.
다중지능(Multiple Intelligences) 이론의 교육적 활용 방안 및 향후 방향 탐색
전종희(Jeon, Jonghee),홍성훈(Hong, Seonghoon) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2019 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.19 No.14
본 연구의 목적은 Howard Gardner가 1983년 ‘마음의 틀(Frames of Mind)’을 발표한 이후로 전 세계적으로 확산, 적용되어온 다중지능(Multiple Intelligences) 이론의 교육적 활용 방안 및 향후 방향을 탐색하는 데 있다. 이 이론은 누구나 8개의 지능이 있고, 서로 다른 지능의 프로파일을 가지고 있다고 말한다. 강점 혹은 약점 지능은 개인마다 다양한 양상으로 나타나고 각 지능은 서로 영향을 주고받는다. 다중지능은 개인이나 집단 내에서 상호작용을 하고 상이한 유형으로 결합함으로써 탁월한 능력과 성과로 나타날 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 다중지능의 구성과 발달, 개인 내·외 상호작용을 통한 다중지능의 계발과 발휘, 다중지능을 활용한 교수-학습 방안, 다중지능의 추가 가능성과 향후 방향을 탐색할 것이다. 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 논의 및 결론, 연구의 제언 등을 제시하였다. 본 연구를 통해 다양성과 창의성이 중시되는 현 시대에 다중지능 이론의 교육적 적용 가능성을 모색할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the educational utilization plan and future direction of multiple intelligences theory that has been applied and spread worldwide since the publication of ‘Frames of Mind’ by Howard Gardner in 1983. Multiple intelligences suggest that everyone has eight intelligences and shows different intelligence profiles. Strengths or weaknesses intelligence is manifested in a variety of ways, and each intelligence is influenced by each other. Multiple intelligences can manifest as excellent abilities and achievements by interacting within individuals or groups and combining them into different types. In this study, I will explore the basic structure and development of multiple intelligences, developing and demonstrating multiple intelligences through individual and group interaction, teaching-learning strategies using multiple intelligences, possibilities of additional intelligences and future direction of multiple intelligences. Based on the results of the research, discussions, conclusions, and suggestions were presented. Through this study, it will be possible to explore the possibility of applying the theory of multiple intelligences in the present age where diversity and creativity are emphasized.
다중지능(Multiple Intelligences) 이론을 기반으로 하는 연구 동향 분석 - 중·고등학생 대상 국내 학술지를 중심으로 -
전종희(Jeon, Jonghee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2019 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.19 No.21
본 연구는 중·고등학생을 대상으로 Howard Gardner의 다중지능(Multiple Intelligences) 이론을 적용, 논의해온 국내 연구의 흐름을 확인하고 앞으로의 방향성을 설정하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 다중지능 이론은 언어와 논리와 같은 특정 분야에 국 한하지 않고 8가지 지능을 토대로 개인의 다양성을 존중하고 개별화된 교육을 지향한다. 본 연구에서는 적성 및 흥미, 진로 탐색이라는 측면에서 중요한 시점에 와 있는 중·고등학생을 대상으로 다중지능 이론을 적용, 논의한 국내 학술지들을 탐색하였다. 본 연구를 위해 2019년 7월 3일에 ‘다중지능’이라는 키워드로 검색하여 도출된 국내 학술지는 1,575건이었고 이 중 연구 주제와 관련이 없는 내용을 제외하고 엑셀 파일에 기본 내용을 정리하였다. 이후, 학술지별 항목 정보들을 재확인하고 수정, 보완 하는 작업을 반복하였다. 이 과정에서 중·고등학생 대상 연구의 기본 내용 및 방법등을 확인하고 분석대상을 총 75건으로 확정하였다. 수차례의 자료 검토 이후에 양화과정을 거쳤고 통계 분석이 이루어졌다. 연구 결과는 항목에 따른 분석 결과로 제시 되었다. 다중지능 연구는 활동/프로그램 관련 연구가 가장 활발했고 양적 연구를 중심으로 하는 집단 차 및 변인 간 관계 분석이 다수 이루어졌다. 연구의 결과를 기반으로 논의 및 결론, 연구에 대한 제언을 제시하였다. 본 연구를 통해 중·고등학생을 대 상으로 다중지능 이론을 적용한 연구의 동향을 종합적으로 탐색함으로써 최근까지의 흐름과 앞으로의 방향성을 구체적으로 확인할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to identify trends in domestic research of Howard Gardner s multiple intelligences theory applied and discussed to middle and high school students and to set future direction. Multiple intelligences theory is not limited to specific fields such as language and logic, but respects individual diversity and pursues individualized education based on eight intelligences. This study explored domestic journals that applied and discussed the theory of multiple intelligences to middle and high school students who are at important points in terms of aptitude, interest, and career search. For this study, 1,575 domestic journals were searched with the keyword ‘multiple intelligences’ on July 3, 2019, and the basic contents were summarized in the excel file, except for those not related to the research topic. After that, the work of reconfirming and supplementing the information of each journal item was repeated. In this process, basic contents and methods of research for middle and high school students were confirmed and a total of 75 subjects were identified. After reviewing the data several times, it went through the quantification process and statistical analysis was done. The results of the study are presented as an analysis result by item. Multiple intelligences research was the most active in research on activities/programs, and many studies were conducted to analyze group differences and the relationship between variables based on quantitative research. Based on the results of the study, the discussion, conclusions, and suggestions for future research were presented. Through this study, we can concretely confirm the current trends and future directions by comprehensively exploring the studies applying the multiple intelligences theory to middle and high school students.
전종희(Jeon, Jonghee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.11
본 연구에서는 2015년 쇼팽 콩쿠르에서 한국인 최초로 1위를 한 피아니스트 조성 진을 대상으로 재능 있는 개인의 능력 계발 및 발휘에 관해 탐색하였다. 연구를 위해 관련 선행연구를 살펴보고 조성진에 관한 인터뷰 기사를 중심으로 자료를 수집하였 다. 이후, Csikszentmihalyi의 I(Individuality), D(Domain), F(Field) 틀을 토대로 자료 정리, 내용 분석이 이루어졌고 전문가 검토를 받았다. 연구의 결과는 조성진의 개인적 특성(I), 교육 및 훈련(D), 분야의 평가(F)로 구분하여 제시되었다. <개인적 특성> 은 탁월한 재능, 성숙한 내면과 뚜렷한 소신, 실현된 꿈과 앞으로의 목표, <교육 및훈련 >은 깊이 있는 연구와 이해, 꾸준하고 지속적인 연주, 연습·연주에의 몰입, 훌륭한 스승의 교육과 전문가의 조언 및 이들과의 교류, 부모의 조용한 응원과 도움, <분 야의 평가>는 뛰어난 재능을 가짐, 연주를 위한 모든 요소를 갖춤, 굉장한 쇼팽을 보여줌, 테크닉 뿐만 아니라 큰 그림을 봄, 자연스럽고 작곡가의 의도를 잘 살리는 연주를 함, 원숙하고 깊이 있는 연주를 함, 질 좋은 최상의 소리를 연주함이 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 각 사람들이 재능을 토대로 능력을 함양하여 자아실현 및 행복한 삶을 실현하도록 돕는 유용한 교육적 함의를 확인할 수 있을 것이다. 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 논의 및 결론, 향후 연구에 대한 제언을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate developing and using of talented individuals’ abilities based on Cho Seong-jin, Winner of the 2015 International Fryderyk Chopin Piano Competition. For the study, we examined the related studies and collected data on interviews with him. Afterwards, data analysis, contents analysis, and professional reviews were conducted based on Csikszentmihalyi’ I(Individuality), D(Domain), F(Field). The results of the study were classified into the personal characteristics(I), education and training(D), and field evaluation(F). First, personal characteristics include outstanding talents, mature inner side and definite conviction, realized dreams and future goals. Second, education and training include in-depth study and understanding, steady and sustained performance, immersion in practice and performance, excellent teachers’ education and experts’ advice, interaction with them, quiet support and help from parents. Third, field evaluation includes that possessing outstanding talents, having all the requisites for the performance, showing great Chopin, seeing big pictures as well as having techniques, performing naturally and with composers’ intention, playing mature and in-depth, playing the best sound of quality. Through this study, we will be able to identify useful educational implications for each person to develop their abilities based on their talents and to help them realize self-realization and happy life. A discussion, conclusion, and suggestions for future research were presented on the basis of the findings.
교육대학교 1학년 학생들의 프로젝트 학습 경험을 통한 집단지성 발휘 조건 탐색
전종희(Jeon Jonghee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2014 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.14 No.12
This study was performed to determine the necessary conditions of collective intelligence based on the project learning experiences of college freshmen in a university of education. The students engaged in various experiences during several lectures and formed perspectives on learning on the basis of interactions with others. Their stances, as established one year after their entrance into the university, can influence how they prioritize project learning. Furthermore, these attitudes are applied to teaching after graduating as well as learning in a university. With regard to the future teachers who undertook project learning, this examination of their awareness of the project learning experiences and exploration of the necessary conditions of collective intelligence will be a starting point for meaningful educational interactions. 112 college freshmen in a university of education participated in this study. First, students’ perceptions of their project learning experiences were examined as they developed over two semesters. Second, the necessary conditions of collective intelligence were verified based on their project learning experiences. The investigator conducted the content analysis and utilized open-type coding, expert validation, frequency analysis, and a categorical multiple response analysis of the collected data. As a result of the study, it was found that relatively many more students did not prefer project learning, as they reported that it requires responsibility and faithfulness during the project learning phase. In addition, the participants reported that the requisites for team leaders and others for the activation of collective intelligence are leadership, responsibility and faithfulness. The choice standards pertaining to roles on a team were a voluntary will, ability, and leadership. Lecture requisites were a clear and full explanation of the significance and goal of the project learning topic, and a suitable place for project learning activities. University students’ requisites for the activation of collective intelligence were responsibility and faithfulness, sociability, and consideration and sacrifice. Moreover, the individual abilities that these students want to develop for collective intelligence in relation to sociability, leadership, and the ability to communicate. A discussion and a conclusion are included, as are suggestions for future research for learners, teachers, and for universities based on the results.
‘노벨과학상’ 수준의 성과 도출 및 풍토 조성을 위한 방향 탐색 연구
전종희(Jeon Jonghee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2018 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.18 No.10
The purpose of this study is to explore the directions of creating results and climate at the level of ‘the Nobel Prize in Science’. For this study, I investigated the related research and comprehensively searched the interviews of the Nobel Prize winners. A total of 16,276 data were collected during July and September of 2017, and 730 cases were collected during the review process. Data selection, data processing and content analysis were done based on the data. The results of this study are as follows. There are six major areas: 1) ‘Do not stick to the Nobel Prize and focus on your research’, 2)‘Be a pioneer, not a follower’, 3) ‘Communicate and exchange variously on the global stage, 4) ‘Form a consensus on the importance of basic science’, 5) ‘Create a free and generous atmosphere for failure’, 6) ‘Improve evaluation and support systems’. In addition, small topics were presented in the results of the study. This study will identify the practical requirements that will help bring about new and creative achievements comparable to the Nobel Prize in Science. A discussion, conclusion, and suggestions for future research were presented on the basis of the findings.
올림픽 금메달리스트들의 루틴(Routine)을 활용한 능력 발휘에 관한 연구
전종희(Jeon Jonghee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2018 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.18 No.17
The purpose of this study was to explore specifically the routine that has helped the archery national athletes who have won the gold medal in the olympics to exert their best skills at a crucial moment in the game. The routines played a major role in believing in themselves and exercising their full potential during the game, which made it possible to focus on important things such as attitudes and strategies that would help maximize competence. I examined related studies for this study. And in order to find the interviews of archery players and officials, I searched for the keyword ‘routine interview’ and ‘archery routine’ on January 14, June 10, and June 13, 2018, and a total of 1,878 articles were identified. The collected data were newspaper articles and news which were public documents. After reviewing them repeatedly, the necessary data were classified and the codes, categories, and topics were derived through repeated coding process in the content analysis. The results of this study were largely two. Firstly, in the effectiveness of the routine, there were ‘play the best game with my own routines’ and ‘help the routine to perform at a decisive moment’. Next, in the contents of the routine, there were ‘make positive self-talk and necessary thoughts as routines’ and ‘put important points that are helpful in the routine card’. Based on the results of the study, the discussion, conclusions, and suggestions were presented. This study will provide educational implications on using the routine to show the best ability at important moments.
창의적인 인물의 개인적 특성 및 능력 발휘에 관한 연구
전종희(Jeon Jonghee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.24
In this study, I searched about personal characteristics and using abilities of creative individuals, based on MBC Infinite Challenge Kim Tae-ho PD, which is an individual with outstanding creativity. I investigated the related researches for the study and the data on the interviews of him. Based on the collected data, I organized and reviewed the data, analyzed the contents. The results of this study were divided into individual characteristics and using of abilities. First, personal characteristics include he chooses what he likes and wants to do, he express himself in fashion, he has time to fill himself, he has his own firm values and philosophy, he is a special PD and a very special person. Second, using abilities include he thinks all week and organizes ideas, he has various challenges in the program, he has a different perspective on crisis and failure, he does his best rather than worry: the subject of comparison is ‘Infinite Challenge’ of the past, he leads with a novelty that was not existing, he varies in dimension by empathy and communication, he completes with collaboration, he expresses affection and trust in his colleagues as work. Through this study, it will be able to confirm the educational implications of helping each person to live a happy life by realizing their dreams and developing their creativity. A discussion, conclusion, and suggestions for future research were presented on the basis of the findings.
다중지능(Multiple Intelligences) 이론을 적용한 연구 동향 분석- 유아 및 초등학생을 중심으로 -
전종희(Jeon, Jonghee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2018 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.18 No.24
본 연구는 Howard Gardner의 다중지능(Multiple Intelligences) 이론이 국내에 소개된 후 이루어진 관련 연구의 동향을 종합적으로 살펴보고 향후 연구의 방향을 모색하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 다중지능 이론은 모든 아이들이 똑같지 않으며 동일한 방식 으로 배울 수 없음을 일깨워 준다. 이는 언어와 논리와 같은 주요 과목에서 강점을 보이지 않는 아이들까지도 포용할 수 있는 틀과 방법을 제공하는 과학적 이론이자 교육 철학이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 다중지능 이론이 가장 많이 논의, 적용되어 온 유아 및 초등학생 연령을 대상으로 하는 국내 학술지를 탐색하였다. 연구를 위해 2018년 7월 3일∼4일에 ‘다중지능’이라는 키워드로 검색하여 도출된 1,444건의 국내 학술지를 확인한 후 타 대상 및 분야 등 본 연구의 주제와 관련이 없는 것을 제외하였다. 또한 2018년 8∼9월에 걸쳐 각 학술지의 항목별 정보들을 정리하고 분류하는 작업을 진행하였다. 이 과정에서 학술지별 연구 내용 및 방법 등을 확인하였고 유아는 108건, 초등은 142건, 총 250건으로 분석대상을 확정하였다. 여러 차례의 검토를 거쳐 자료를 양적으로 변환한 후 통계 분석을 하였다. 연구 결과를 보면, 다중지능 연구에 대한 종합적인 분석 결과는 크게 두 가지인데, 첫째는 항목별 분석 결과이고 둘째는 항목 간 분석 결과이다. 연구의 결과를 토대로 논의 및 결론, 연구에 대한 제언이 제시되었다. 본 연구를 통해 유아 및 초등학생을 대상으로 하는 다중지능 관련 연구의 전반적인 동향을 살펴봄으로써 현재까지의 흐름과 향후의 방향을 확인할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to examine the history and trends of related research after Howard Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory was introduced in Korea and to search for future direction of research. Multiple intelligences theory reminds us that all children are not the same and can not learn in the same way. This is a scientific theory and educational philosophy that provides a framework and method for embracing even children who do not show strength in major subjects such as language and logic. In this study, I investigated domestic journals about the age of infants and elementary school students who have been most discussed and applied to the theory of multiple intelligences. For the purpose of the study, all 1,444 domestic journals were searched by the keyword ‘multiple intelligences’ from July 3 to 4, 2018. After that, I excluded those that are not related to this study including other subjects and fields. In addition, the items of each journal were sorted and classified from August to September, 2018. In this process, research contents and method of each journal were confirmed. The target of analysis was finalized with 108 cases for infants and 142 cases for elementary school students, total 250 cases. The data were quantitatively transformed after several examinations and statistical analysis was performed. As a result of the research, comprehensive analysis results of the multiple intelligences research are presented in two major ways. The first is the analysis result by item and the second is the analysis result between items. Based on the results of this study, the discussion, conclusions, and suggestions for future research were presented. Through this study, we will be able to confirm the current trends and future directions by examining the general trends of multiple intelligences research on infants and elementary school students.
교육중심대학인 미네르바 스쿨 사례를 토대로 한 향후 대학교육 방향 모색 연구
전종희(Jonghee, Jeon) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2021 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.21 No.18
목적 본 연구에서는 최근에 국내⋅외에서 많은 관심과 주목을 받고 있는 미네르바 스쿨의 사례를 중심으로 대학 본연의 기능을 교육에 두고 있는 대학의 방향을 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 통해 4차 산업혁명과 코로나19를 비롯한 급속한 변화의 한 가운데에 있는 현 시대에 한국의 대학교육이 나아갈 모습을 모색하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 방법 연구를 위해 ‘미네르바 스쿨’, ‘미네르바 대학’이라는 키워드로 포괄적으로 자료를 검색하였고 2020년 7월 31일에 NOOOO에서 1,441건과 3,828건을, GOOOOO 사이트에서 101건과 92건의 온라인 신문 기사를 수집하였다. 이와 같이 한 이유는 ‘미네르바 스쿨’이라는 주제가 최근의 시대적인 동향을 보여주는 이슈로서 서적이나 학술 논문을 통해서는 자료 수집의 한계가 있고 연구자로서 직접적인 소통도 어려운 상황이기 때문이다. 그러므로 그동안에 국내에서 보도된 신문 기사를 통해 정보를 파악하는 것이 가장 적합하다고 판단하였다. 이후, 2021년 2월 중에 G모 사이트에서 추가 검색을 통해 도출된 최신 내용을 한 번 더 확인하였다. 결과 본 연구의 결과로 크게 두 개의 주제, 즉 ‘학습자중심교육을 통한 미래 선도역량 및 적응력 제고’, ‘미네르바 스쿨만의 혁신적인 교육 원리 구현’이 도출되었고 각 주제별로 하위 범주와 코드가 각각 제시되었다. 결론 본 연구를 통해 급변하는 현 시대에 대학 교육의 본질적인 기능과 현안을 확인함으로써 학습자 중심 교육의 방향을 모색할 수 있다. Objectives This study aims to examine the direction of a university that puts the original function of the university in education, focusing on the case of Minerva School, which has recently received a lot of attention at home and abroad. The purpose of this is to explore the future of university education in Korea in the midst of rapid changes including the 4th industrial revolution and COVID-19. Methods For the study, data were searched on July 31, 2020 with the keywords “Minerva School” and “Minerva University”, I collected 1,441 and 3,828 articles from NOOOO and 101 and 92 online newspaper articles from the GOOOOO site. The reason for doing this is that the subject of ‘Minerva School’ is an issue that shows the trend of the recent times, and there is a limitation in collecting data through books or academic papers, and direct communication as a researcher is difficult. Therefore, it was judged that it was most appropriate to grasp information through newspaper articles reported in Korea. After that, in February 2021, the latest content derived through additional searches on the GOOOOO site was checked once more. Results As a result of this study, two main themes were derived: ‘Improvement of future-leading competency and adaptability through learner-centered education’ and ‘Implementation of innovative educational principles unique to Minerva School’. Subcategories and codes for each subject were presented. Based on the research results, discussions, conclusions, and suggestions were presented. Conclusions It will be possible to find a direction for learner-centered education by confirming the essential functions and current issues of university education in this rapidly changing era.