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장지호,조완호 한국음향학회 2019 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.38 No.6
This paper analyzes the limitations of binaural sound that is reproduced with headphones based on Ambisonics for Virtual Reality (VR) audio. VR audio can be provided with binaural sound that compensates head rotation of a listener. Ambisonics is widely used for recording and reproducing ambient sound fields around a listener in VR audio, and the First order Ambisonics (FOA) is still being used for VR audio because of its simplicity. However, the maximum frequencies with this order is too low to perfectly reproduce ear signals, and thus the binaural reproduction has inherent limitations in terms of spectrum and sound localization. This paper investigates these limitations by comparing the signals arrived at ear positions in the reference field and the reproduced field. An incidence wave is defined as a reference field, and reproduced over virtual loudspeakers. Frequency responses, inter-aural level differences, and inter-aural phase differences are compared. The results show, above the maximum cut off frequency in general, that the reproduced levels decrease, and the horizontal localization can be provided only around the forward direction.
장지호,김한수,강준원,강훈철 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.1
Purpose: Cell transplantation of myelin-producing exogenous cells is being extensively explored as a means of remyelinating axons in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. We determined whether 3,3’,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) overexpresses the ABCD2 gene in the polysialylated (PSA) form of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-positive cells and promotes cell proliferation and favors oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation. Materials and Methods: PSA-NCAM+ cells from newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were grown for five days on uncoated dishes in defined medium with or without supplementation of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and/or T3. Then, PSA-NCAM+ spheres were prepared in single cells and transferred to polyornithine/fibronectin-coated glass coverslips for five days to determine the fate of the cells according to the supplementation of these molecules. T3 responsiveness of ABCD2 was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the growth and fate of cells were determined using 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation and immunocytochemistry, respectively. Results: Results demonstrated that T3 induces overexpression of the ABCD2 gene in PSA-NCAM+ cells, and can enhance PSA-NCAM+ cell growth in the presence of bFGF, favoring an oligodendrocyte fate. Conclusion: These results may provide new insights into investigation of PSA-NCAM+ cells for therapeutic application to X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.
장지호,최태일,최병하 한국통신학회 1993 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.18 No.7
방향성 결합기같은 광의 결합현상을 이용한 집적광학 소자에서 결합거리는 소자의 특성을 결정할 수 있는 가장 중요한 요소이다. 또한 결합현상을 이용한 소자들의 연구시 결합거리의 계산은 가장 기본적인 특성 해석방법이 되고 있다. 지금까지 결합거리의 계산시에는 주로 모드결합이론을 사용하였는데 이때 결합계수를 계산하는 과정은 양쪽 도파로가 독립 적으로 존재한때의 모드의 분포를 각각 계산한 후, 그 결과를 가지고 무한적분을 행하여야하는 어려움을 가지고 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Beam Propagation Method(BPM)를 이용하여 결합계수의 계산없이 결합거리를 계산할것을 제안하였다. 그리고 제안의 타당성을 입증하기 위해서 가장 기본적인 방향성 결합기 모델을 설정하고 모드결합이론과 BPM과의 결과를 비교 검토하였다. The coupling length is very important factor for the study of directional coupler and other intergrated-optic devices. And the calculation of coupling length is the fundamental process of studing various types of intergrated optical devices. But the calculation of coupling length, requires coupling coefficient n. and the evaluation of coupling coefficient f is very tedious because it requires the calculation of overlap intergral of the two modes. Because of above reason, we suggest the use of beam propagation method, We suggest the basic configuration of directional coupler, which has three different types of longitudinal to vertical ratio, and calculate the coupling length of sugested configuration by both coupled mode thery and beam propagation method and compare the results of each method.