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김형일,장명익,심지영 大韓齒科器材學會 1995 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.22 No.1
The proper temperatures of heat treatment in a commercial low-gold dental casting alloy were studied by means of DTA, hardness test, X-ray diffraction study. The results were as follows : 1) The effect of age-hardening was apparent at the higher solution-treatment temperature. 2) The stable phase was the co-existence of the Ag-rich α₁phase and the AuCu I ordered phase at the temperature of the effective age-hardening. 3) The suitable temperatures for the solution treatment and the aging were 800℃, 400℃, respectively.
黃辰淵,張明翊 부산대학교 기초과학연구소 1994 부산대학교 기초과학연구소 연구논문집 Vol.14 No.-
The various weathering products derived from andesitic rocks in the Guweol mountain area of Pusan have been studied in order to investigate the occurrence, characteristics and evolutional trend of clay minerals in the weathered rock and soil using mainly X-ray powder diffraction method. Kaolinite and halloysite are very abundant in the weathered rocks and soils derived from andersitic rocks of this area. Also, 12Å-and 14Å-minerals occur in the considerable amount. 12Å-minerals have been identified as mica/vermiculite interlayer minerals showing the 25Å basal reflection. Their crystal sizes are relatively big showing more than 10 micron in diameter. Two types of 14Å-mineral, which are vermiculite/smectite interlayer mineral and A1-vermiculite, have been observed. Kaolin minerals consist of kaolinite, 10Å and 7Å halloysite. Kaolinite relatively dominates in the strongly weathered soil of the area. In contrast with kaolinite, 12Å-and 14Å-minerals such as vermiculite/smectite and mica/vermiculite interlayer minerals tend to occur in the weakly to intermediately weathered products, Based on their occurrences, it strongly suggests that they are intermediate products in the course of the weathering process from the parent materials into the kaolin mineral.
Isothermal Age-hardening Behavior in the Commercial Dental Au-Ag-Cu-Pd Alloy
김형일,장명익,이유식,Kim, Hyung-Il,Jang, Myoung-Ik,Lee, You-Sik The Korea Society of Medical and Biological Engine 1996 의공학회지 Vol.17 No.2
The relationship between the isothermal age-hardening behavior and the phase transformation in the commercial dental Au-Ag-Cu-Pd alloy was investigated Age-hardening was mostly attributed to the lattice distortions of the supersaturated w phase resulting from the transformation to the metastable phasel which were more distinct at lower aging temperature. The lattice distortions resulting from the transformation of the metastable phases to the equilibrium phases also made a contribution to the age-hardening.
김형일,김영근,장명익,김교한 대한치과기재학회 1997 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.24 No.1
The relationship between the isothermal age-hardening behavior and the phase transformation process in a dental casting Au-Ag-Cu-Pd alloy was investigated by means of hardness test, X-ray diffraction study. 1. The isothermal age-hardening behavior in the 350∼450℃ temperature range showed a similar tendency in the changes. However, the initial hardening was faster and the maximum hardness was higher and the overaging with softening was slower on aging at the lower temperature. 2. By the isothermal aging at 350∼450℃, the metastable Ag-rica α₁’and AuCu Ⅰ’orderd phases were formed from the supersaturated α phase prior to the final formation of the equilibrium Ag-rich α₁’and AuCu Ⅰordered phases. 3. By aging at 450℃, the age-hardening was attributed to the lattice strains of the parent phases resulting from the transformation of the αphase resulting from the transformation to the metastable phases. The X-ray diffraction peaks of the αphase showed a distinct shift toward both the high and low diffraction angles during transformation.
이명근(MK Lee),장명익(MI Chang),김성자(SJ Kim),윤석한(SH Yoon),박인서(IS Park) 대한산부인과학회 1976 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.19 No.2
1. The majority of the gravidas belonged to the old teen-age group and no sighnificant correlation was found between the prevalence of teen-age pregnancy and the different year. 2. The highest incidence of age at menarche fell on 14 years old and average age at menarche was 14.4 years old. 3. Mean age at marriage showed a mild but regular rise to 1940 and then the sharper incline in the survey. From 1925 through 1968, the marriage age rose form 20.2 to 26.8 for men and from 16.7 to 23.0 for women, arise of about six and half years in each case 4. The majority of teen-age groups neither had abortion nor used contraception. 5. Abortion rate had risen considoderably at all ages since 1964 study but proportionately most at the youngest age. 6. According to the occupation of teen-age gravidas, legally approved housewife occupied 29.0%. 7. Forty five percent of all materials lived with thier parents and the rest of them lived in broken family or alone. 8. Illiterate group comprised 2.9% of all materials. No college girls were involved because they were usually beyond this teen-age group. 9. Out of 29 cases of interruption of pregnancy 10 cases were interrupted in the first trimester, 17 cases in the second trimester and 2 cases in the third trimester. respectively 10. Pregnancies were interrupted by means of dilatation and evacuation in 15 cases. pitocin incution with bougie in 9 cases and intraamniotic hypertonic saline instillation in 2 cases respectively.