아급성기 뇌졸중 환자에서 소뇌교차해리와 보행기능 회복의 연관성

임유현(Y. H. Lim),김지희(J. H. Kim),윤나리(N. R. Yun),박순아(S. A. Park),김명현(M. H. Kim),주민철(M. C. Joo) 한국재활복지공학회 2018 재활복지공학회논문지 Vol.12 No.3

본 연구는 초발 아급성기 뇌졸중 환자에서 뇌혈류 단일광자단층촬영을 이용하여 소뇌교차해리 유무 및 정도와 뇌졸중 환자의 기능 수준 및 회복과의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 22명의 초발 아급성기 뇌졸중 환자가 본 연구에 참여하였다. 뇌혈류 단일광자단층촬영에서 관찰된 소뇌교차해리 유무 및 정도는 비대칭지수로 평가하였다. 기능적 상태 및 회복정도를 평가하기 위하여 미국 국립 보건원 뇌졸중 척도, 기능적 보행척도, 기능적 독립 척도, 버그 균형 척도를 뇌혈류 단일광자단층촬영 당일, 1개월 및 3개월 후 시점에 각각 평가하였다. 3개월 시점에 평가한 임상적 평가 척도 항목 중 기능적 보행 척도와 버그 균형 척도는 소뇌교차해리가 있는 군이 소뇌교차해리가 없는 군보다 통계학적으로 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 또한 비대칭 지수와 기능적 보행 척도는 3개월 후 시점에서 통계학적으로 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다(r=-0.432, p<0.05). 본 연구를 통하여 초발 아급성기 뇌졸중 환자에서 뇌혈류 단일광자단층촬영을 이용하여 소뇌교차해리의 유무를 파악하는 것이 뇌졸중 이후 기능적 보행 및 낙상의 위험성을 알 수 있는 예측 인자의 하나로 적용될 수 있을 것이라고 생각된다. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the presence and the degree of crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) by brain perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and functional status and recovery in patients with the first-ever subacute stoke. Twenty two patients with first-ever subacute stroke patients were recruited. The presence and degree of CCD was evaluated by calculated asymmetry index (AI) that was measured with regional cerebellar blood flow in brain perfusion SPECT. The functional status and recovery was evaluated by using National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) after 0, 1 and 3 months respectively. The patients with CCD had significantly lower FAC and BBS scores at 3 months than that of patients without CCD (p<0.05). And there was a statistically significant negative correlation between the AI and FAC at 3 months (r=-0.432, p<0.05). These results suggested that identified CCD on brain perfusion SPECT may be considered parameters to predict the recovery of functional ambulation and risk of fall down in patients with the first-ever subacute stoke.

팬데믹 이후 유아기 문해력에 대한 유아교사 인식 연구: 개정 누리과정 적용을 중심으로

서유현,임보령,김순환 한국육아지원학회 2023 육아지원연구 Vol.18 No.4

본 연구는 팬데믹 이후 유아기 문해력에 대한 유아교사의 인식과 요구를 분석하여 개정 누리과정 적용을 중심으로 유아언어교육 방향을 모색하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 눈덩이 표집법을 통하여 팬데믹 전후 유아교육기관에 근무하고 있는 교사 8명을 대상으로 심층면담을 진행하였다. 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 연구문제1. 팬데믹 이후 유아기 문해력에 대한 교사의 인식은 어떠한가. 연구문제2. 팬데믹 이후 유아기 문해력 발달을 위한 교사의 요구는 어떠한가. 연구문제3. 팬데믹 이후 개정누리과정에서의 유아언어교육 방향은 무엇인가. 이에 따른 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사들은 팬데믹이후 유아의 의사소통 측면 및 사회적 상호작용 측면에서 어려움이 있다고 보고하였다. 둘째, 교사들은유아기 문해력 발달을 위해서 교사 대 유아 비율 감소, 적절한 언어교육자료 개발, 소통을 위한 플랫폼개발, 부모 · 교사 대상의 언어교육 지원을 제안하였다. 셋째, 유아 교사들은 2019 개정 누리과정을 이어가면서도 문해력 발달을 위한 최소한의 기준을 제시하고, 언어교육의 체계를 보완해 유아 간 개인차를 줄이는 방향으로 나아가야 할 것을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 팬데믹 이후 유아기 문해력에 대한 교사들의 인식 및 지원 요구에 따른 유아언어교육의 방향성을 시사한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze early childhood teachers' perceptions and needs for early childhood literacy after the pandemic and to examine the direction of early childhood language education focused on the application of the revised Nuri curriculum. To this end, the study conducted in-depth interviews with eight teachers working in early childhood education institutions before and after the pandemic using a snowball sampling method. The research questions are as follows. Research Question 1. What is the teacher's perception of early childhood literacy after the pandemic? Research Question 2. What is the teacher's need for early childhood literacy after the pandemic? Research question 3. What is the direction of early childhood language education in the revised Nuri curriculum after the pandemic? The results are as follows. First, teachers reported that children had difficulties in communication and social communication skills after the pandemic. Second, teachers suggested reducing the teacher-to-child ratio, developing appropriate language education materials, developing a platform for communication, and supporting language education for parents and teachers for the development of early childhood literacy. Third, early childhood teachers suggested that the revised Nuri curriculum should continue to provide minimum standards for literacy development and the language education system should be supplemented to reduce individual differences among children. This study suggests the direction of early childhood language education according to teachers' perception and support needs for early childhood literacy after the pandemic.

증례 : 신장 ; 단백질 C와 S 결핍증 환자에서 발생한 자발성 신동맥 박리 1예

임예지 ( Ye Jee Lim ),이래석 ( Rae Seok Lee ),유현아 ( Hyun Ah Yu ),장경윤 ( Kyung Yoon Chang ),서재현 ( Jae Hyun Seo ),이관현 ( Kwan Hyun Lee ),황대연 ( Dae Yeon Hwang ) 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회지 Vol.84 No.1

일반적으로 임상에서 신동맥 박리는 대동맥 박리와 연관되어 발생하지만, 외상이나 기저질환이 없이 저절로 발생하는 자발성 신동맥 박리의 경우 알려진 다른 원인이 없거나 반복적인 동정맥 혈전증의 병력이 있을 경우 단백질 C, 단백질 S 등 혈액학적 이상을 확인할 필요가 있겠다. 이에 저자들은 자발성 신동맥 박리와 단백질 C와 S 결핍증이 동반되어 있는 환자를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Spontaneous renal artery dissection without aortic dissection in normotensive patients is rarely reported. Spontaneous renal artery dissection is also an uncommon cause of renal infarction that occurs, though rarely, in patients with hypercoagulable states such as protein C and S deficiency. We report here a case of spontaneous renal artery dissection and renal infarction associated with protein C and S deficiency. (Korean J Med 2013;84:116-119)

청주시 대학생의 사치품과 필수품에 대한 인지

유현정(Hyun Jung Yoo),조수미(Soo Mi Cho),임아름(Ah Reum Lim),최지영(Ji Young Choi) 충북대학교 생활과학연구소 2009 생활과학연구논총 Vol.13 No.1

Now, the purchasing power of university students is bigger than before. And some of them use consumption to express themselves and prefer famous brand products, and they are interested in their appearance. This study tries to find university students' value system related to consumption and the meaning of consumption to them by surveying their perception of luxuries and necessities. For this study, a survey of university students in Cheongju was conducted between August 14 and August 31 2008 and 200 responses were used for analysis. The findings of this study are as follows; First, university students divide luxuries and necessities based on price and brand rather than product type. For example, low priced or free cell phones are considered necessities while expensive ones are considered luxuries. Second, many of them agreed that the criterion of necessity is "a thing that you can't do without in everyday life" and the criterion of luxury is "a thing that is behind your means." In addition, other product categories were 'unnecessary products' and 'unclassified products'. Third, factors affecting the criteria that divide luxuries and necessities included peer group's practices and rules, brands the peer group prefers, advertisements, and perception of right consumption.

Epinephrine 합성효소인 phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase의 인간 genomic DNA의 유전자 크로닝

서유현(Yoo Hun Suh),허성오(Sung Oh Huh),전양숙(Yang Sook Chun),김현식(Hun Sik Kim),임정규(Jung Kyoo Lim),박찬웅(Chan Woong Park) 대한약리학회 1988 대한약리학잡지 Vol.24 No.1

카테콜아민 생합성에 관여하는 마지막 효소인 phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase는 Norepinephrine을 epinephrine으로 전환시키는 중요한 효소이다. PNMT효소의 발현은 epinephrine 신경세포의 발현에 필수적이다. 따라서 PNMT유전자를 크로닝하여 그 구조를 결정하고, 유전자 발현연구를 하는 것은 상당히 중요한 일이다. 그러나 최근에 저자가 bovine cDNA를 처음으로 분리하여 그 구조를 보고한 것 외에는 아직까지 인간 PNMT cDNA나, 전체 genomic DNA의 분리 보고는 없다. 이에 저자들은 인간 PNMT유전자의 전체구조와 여러 종(species) 사이의 진화적인 관계를 규명하기 위해서 human genomic library(Charon 4A)를 만들고, 이 library 이용하여 bovine cDNA를 probe로 13.1 Kb길이의 genomic clone을 분리 크로닝하는데 성공하였다. 이 유전자는 두개의 EcoRI site가 포함되어 있어서, EcoRI제한효소에 의해서 7.5 Kb, 5.0 Kb,0.6 Kb로 분리되었으며, Southern과 dot blot 실험 에서 보면 5.0 Kb와 0.6 Kb에 exon이 흩어져 존재하고 있으며, 7.5 Kb는 flanking sequence로 판명되었다. To obtain information about the structure of the human phenylethanolamin N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and to further define the extent of the evolutionary relationships among PNMT molecules of several spesies, a full length cDNA clone for bovine adrenal PNMT was used to screen a charon 4A genomic library. One phage was isolated and identified, which included the entire PNMT gene. The length of inserted genomic DNA was 13.1-Kilobase (Kb) containing two internal EcoRI sites. Construction of a restriction map and subsequent Southern and dot blot analysis with 5 -and 3 -specific cDNA probes allowed the identification of exon-containing fragments. This is the first report of the cloning of gene for human epinephrine synthesizing enzyme.

법인이 취득하는 주택에 대한 취득세 강화 효과 분석 -정책의 효과 범위와 지속성을 중심으로-

임상빈,유현정 한국세무학회 2023 세무학 연구 Vol.40 No.4

법인에 대한 취득세 중과세 제도는 7.10대책으로 2020년 7월 도입되었다. 그러나, 해당 제도의 시행 이후 선행연구에서 나타난 결과와 달리 법인의 주택 취득이 다시 증가하는 현상이 발생하였다. 본 연구에서는 법인에 대한 주택 취득세 강화 정책에 대한 효과의 지역적 범위와 그 효과의 지속성을 분석해 보고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 선행연구와 같이 회귀분석을 통해서 정책효과를 분석하되, 관심변수와 통제변수를 조정하여 취득세만의 정책효과를 측정하였다. 또한 정책효과의 지속성을 측정하기 위해서 VAR 모형을 통해서 시계열적으로 정책효과를 측정하였다. 실증분석 결과, 법인의 주택 취득에 대한 중과세는 법인의 주택 취득을 억제하는 효과가 전국적으로, 지역적으로 발생하였다고 볼 수 있다. 또한 법인의 주택취득을 억제하는 취득세 강화 정책의 효과의 지속성을 측정한 결과, 외생변수인 기준금리 반영하에서 정책의 시행이 법인의 주택취득을 억제하는 효과가 시계열적으로 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 이러한 결과는 시간이 경과함에 따라 해당 정책효과가 소진하는 것으로 확인하였다. 본 연구의 공헌점은 실증분석을 통해서 법인의 주택 취득에 대한 과세 강화의 효과와 정책효과의 지속성을 검증하였다는데 그 의미가 있다. 다만 취득세는 아파트 외에 건설경기 등에 영향을 받게 되는데, 이러한 변수를 고려하지 않은 점은 본 연구의 한계점으로 볼 수 있다. The system of heavy taxation of acquisition tax for corporations was introduced in July 2020 as a 7.10 measure. However, contrary to the results of previous studies, housing acquisition by corporations has increased again since the implementation of this system. This study aims to analyze the regional scope of the effect and the persistence of the effect of the enhanced housing acquisition tax for corporations. This study decomposes the policy effect through regression analysis as in previous studies, but adjusts the variables of interest and control variables to measure the policy effect of the acquisition tax alone. In addition, to measure the persistence of the policy effect, the policy effect is measured time series through a VAR model. The results of the empirical analysis show that the heavy tax on the acquisition of housing by corporations has the effect of discouraging the acquisition of housing by corporations both nationally and regionally. In addition, the persistence of the effect of the policy of strengthening the acquisition tax on corporate housing acquisition was measured, and it was found that the effect of the policy on corporate housing acquisition was time-series under the exogenous variable of the reference interest rate. However, the results confirmed that the policy effect was exhausted over time. The contribution of this study is that it verifies the effectiveness of enhanced taxation on corporate housing acquisition and the persistence of the policy effect through empirical analysis. However, the fact that the acquisition tax is affected by the construction economy in addition to apartments can be considered as a limitation of this study.

Molecular Cloning of Human Genomic DNA for Epinephrine Synthesizing Enzyme, Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase

서유현,허성오,전양숙,김현식,임정규,박찬웅,Suh, Yoo-Hun,Huh, Sung-Oh,Chun, Yang-Sook,Kim, Hun-Sik,Lim, Jung-Kyoo,Park, Chan-Woong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1988 대한약리학잡지 Vol.24 No.1

카테콜아민 생합성에 관여하는 마지막 효소인 phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase는 Norepinephrine을 epinephrine으로 전환시키는 중요한 효소이다. PNMT효소의 발현은 epinephrine 신경세포의 발현에 필수적이다. 따라서 PNMT유전자를 크로닝하여 그 구조를 결정하고, 유전자 발현연구를 하는 것은 상당히 중요한 일이다. 그러나 최근에 저자가 bovine cDNA를 처음으로 분리하여 그 구조를 보고한 것 외에는 아직까지 인간 PNMT cDNA나, 전체 genomic DNA의 분리 보고는 없다. 이에 저자들은 인간 PNMT유전자의 전체구조와 여러 종(species) 사이의 진화적인 관계를 규명하기 위해서 human genomic library(Charon 4A)를 만들고, 이 library 이용하여 bovine cDNA를 probe로 13.1 Kb길이의 genomic clone을 분리 크로닝하는데 성공하였다. 이 유전자는 두개의 EcoRI site가 포함되어 있어서, EcoRI제한효소에 의해서 7.5 Kb, 5.0 Kb,0.6 Kb로 분리되었으며, Southern과 dot blot 실험 에서 보면 5.0 Kb와 0.6 Kb에 exon이 흩어져 존재하고 있으며, 7.5 Kb는 flanking sequence로 판명되었다. To obtain information about the structure of the human phenylethanolamin N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and to further define the extent of the evolutionary relationships among PNMT molecules of several spesies, a full length cDNA clone for bovine adrenal PNMT was used to screen a charon 4A genomic library. One phage was isolated and identified, which included the entire PNMT gene. The length of inserted genomic DNA was 13.1-Kilobase (Kb) containing two internal EcoRI sites. Construction of a restriction map and subsequent Southern and dot blot analysis with 5'-and3'-specific cDNA probes allowed the identification of exon-containing fragments. This is the first report of the cloning of gene for human epinephrine synthesizing enzyme.

Seamless Mode Transfer of Utility Interactive Inverters Based on Indirect Current Control

임경배,송인종,최재호,유현종,김학만 전력전자학회 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.1

This paper proposes an indirect current control technique based on a proportional resonant (PR) approach for the seamlessmode transfer of utility interactive inverters. Direct-current and voltage hybrid control methods have been used for invertercontrol under grid-connected and islanded modes. A large bandwidth can be selected due to the structure of single-loop control. However, this results in poor dynamic transients due to sudden changes of the controller during mode changes. Therefore,inverter control based on indirect current is proposed to improve the dynamic transients by consistently controlling the outputvoltage under all of the operation modes. A PR-based indirect current control topology is used in this study to maintain the loadvoltage quality under all of the modes. The design processes of the PR-based triple loop are analyzed in detail while consideringthe system stability and dynamic transients. The mode transfer techniques are described in detail for both sudden unintentionalislanding and islanded mode voltage quality improvements. In addition, they are described using the proposed indirect controlstructure. The proposed method is verified by the PSiM simulations and laboratory-scale VDER-HILS experiments.

노인 자동차 운전자들의 운전 실태, 운전 습관 및 안전성

박시운,임문희,황성일,김은주,최은석,최경인,이금주,김대진,유현철 대한재활의학회 2010 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.34 No.5

Objective: To investigate the actual driving status and driving related safety issues of older drivers aged 65 years or older. Method: We conducted a survey on 56 elderly drivers about driving status, driving habits, safe driver self check list, and medical conditions that may affect safe driving. For comparison, 50 younger drivers aged between third and fifth decades were also surveyed. Results: The mean age of total 56 elderly drivers was 69.96 years old. Their mean driving time in life was 23.6 years and the purposes of driving were shopping (23.2%), religion activity (21.4%) and leisure (16.1%). Most vehicles were equipped with automatic transmission (83.9%) and power steering (91.1%) and the most common type of vehicle was a sedan (82.1%). The incidence of their motor vehicle accidents in recent 2 years was 21.4%, which was higher than that of control group (18.0%) without statistical significance. The driving habits questionnaire revealed elderly drivers tend to avoid rush-hour traffic, driving at night, and high-traffic roads in 75.0%, 69.6%, 51.8% of subjects respectively. The result of safe driver self check list showed that mean demerit score of elderly drivers was 4.3, which was higher than that of younger drivers (3.2). Elderly drivers had hypertension (33.9%), diabetes mellitus (17.9%), eye disorders (8.9%), heart disease (8.9%), arthritis (8.9%), stroke (7.1%), and respiratory disease (5.4%). Conclusion: Compared to younger drivers, elderly drivers tend to avoid unsafe driving situations and reported more safety problems in the safe driver self check list. Elderly drivers also had more medical conditions that may affect safe driving, such as eye disorders, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2010; 34: 570-576)

노인 자동차 운전자들의 운전 능력 평가

박시운,임문희,황성일,김은주,최경인,유현철,이금주,최은석 대한재활의학회 2010 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.34 No.4

Objective: To assess the driving ability of older drivers, their visual function, cognitive-perceptual function, motor function and driving performance were evaluated. Method: Subjects were 55 drivers aged 65 years or older. Visual function test included visual acuity, visual field, color vision and contrast sensitivity. Cognitive perceptual function was evaluated with the cognitive perceptual assessment for driving (CPAD) and clock drawing test. For motor function, muscle strength and range of motion were evaluated. Driving performance was evaluated by virtual reality based driving simulator. For comparision, 48 younger drivers aged between late twenties and early forties underwent the same evaluation. Results: Among older drivers, 21 (38.2%) had visual acuity less than 20/40, 3 (5.5%) had visual field narrower than 140o bilaterally. Contrast sensitivity was significantly decreased in both day and night with glare light conditions. In cognitive- perceptual function assessment, 20 subjects (36.4%) passed CPAD test, 3 subjects (5.5%) failed, and 32 subjects (58.1%) fell into borderline group. Mean CPAD score was 50.65± 5.62, which was significantly lower than that of younger drivers. 18 subjects (32.7%) were incorrect in clock drawing test. In motor function assessment, 4 subjects (7.3%) in older drivers showed hemiparesis secondary to stroke. In driving simulator, 21 subjects (38.2%) failed whereas only 4 subjects (8.3%) did in younger drivers. Average demerit score was 24.09±15.53 and was significantly higher than that of younger drivers. Conclusion: Older drivers showed significantly higher incidence of visual and cognitive-perceptual dysfunction, and poorer driving performance compared to younger drivers group. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2010; 34: 458-464)