용기내 저온수가 절화 장미의 수분생리 및 노화에 미치는 영향

인병천(Byung-Chun In),장명갑(Myoung-Kap Chang),손기철(Ki-Cheol Son) 한국원예학회 2007 원예과학기술지 Vol.25 No.4

This study was investigated the effect of low-temperature water in a vase on the hydraulic physiological characteristics and senescence of cut roses. Freshly harvested ‘Red Sandra’ roses (Rosa spp.) were held in low-temperature (7℃) or ambient-temperature (22.8℃) water and kept in an environment-controlled room (23℃, 60% RH and 12-h photoperiod at 20 μmolㆍm?¹ㆍsec?¹ PPF) during the vase period. To closely investigate water flow patterns during vase life, stem flux rate, stem diameter, leaf temperature, and leaf boundary layer resistance (BLR) were continuously measured using phyto-monitoring system. Cut roses held in low-temperature water showed a higher rate of water uptake and a higher stem flux rate than those held in ambient-temperature water, which led to the effective maintenance of fresh weight and water balance, and consequently a longer vase life. Placing roses in low-temperature water also resulted in decrease in leaf temperature and BLR and rhythmic changes in stem flux in accordance with water flow. As found in this study, placing roses in low-temperature water speed up water flow by reducing the hydraulic resistance of cut rose stems. This may be resulted from dissolving the air, increasing the cohesion-tension, and the transpiration rate.

Effect of Vase Water Temperature and Leaf Number on Water Relations and Senescence of Cut Roses

인병천,장명갑,변혜진,손기철,In, Byung-Chun,Chang, Myoung-Kap,Byoun, Hye-Jin,Son, Ki-Cheol Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2010 원예과학기술지 Vol.28 No.4

절화 장미의 수분관계와 노화반응에 대한 용기내 수온과 엽수의 효과를 조사하였다. 신선한 상태로 수확된 'Red Sandra' 장미의 줄기는 상위엽 2매 또는 4매와 함께 길이 50cm로 정리되었다. 절화는 상온증류수($23^{\circ}C$; AT-DW), 저온증류수 ($7^{\circ}C$; LT-DW), 또는 저온보존용액(LT-PW)이 포함된 용기에 침지된 상태로 환경제어실에서 유지되었다. 처리간의 효과는 절화수명, 화경, 생체중 및 수분흡수량의 변화에 의하여 평가되었다. 수분관계에 있어서 차이는 $CO_2$동화율, 기공전도, 그리고 줄기수분유속(SFR)을 측정함으로써 판단되었다. 수분흡수율은 LT-DW 장미에서 현저하게 증가되었고, LT-PW 장미에서 감소되었다. LT-PW 장미는 실험기간 동안 낮은 용액흡수량을 보였음에도 불구하고, 높은 생체중, 가장 긴 정의 수분균형기간, 그리고 가장 큰 화경을 나타냈다. 2매엽의 장미는 높은 생체중과 향상된 수분 균형을 유지한 결과로 절화수명이 연장되었다. $CO_2$동화율과 기공전도도는 LT-PW에 유지함으로써 현저하게 감소되었고, 엽수의 감소에 의하여 증가되었다. AT-DW장미의 경우, 줄기상부에 비하여 줄기하부의 SFR이 낮았으나, LT-DW 장미는 줄기하부의 SFR이 훨씬 컸다. 이것은 저온수가 줄기내의 수분전도율을 향상시킨다는 것을 나타낸다. 반면, LT-PW 장미는 실험기간 동안 안정된 SFR을 유지하였고, 줄기상부와 줄기하부에서 유사한 SFR 패턴을 나타냈다. 결과적으로 LT-PW와 LT-DW장미는 AT-DW 장미에 비하여 절화수명이 각각 8일과 4일 이상 연장되었다. The effect of vase water temperature and leaf number on water relations and senescence responses was determined in cut roses. Freshly harvested 'Red Sandra' roses were re-trimmed to 50 cm leaving two or four upper leaves and held in one of three solutions: ambient temperature distilled water ($23^{\circ}C$; AT-DW), low temperature distilled water ($7^{\circ}C$; LT-DW) and low temperature preservative solution (LT-PW). Flowers were kept in an environmental controlled room. Treatment effects evaluated were vase life, flower diameter, and changes in fresh weight and water uptake. Differences in water relations were determined by measuring $CO_2$ assimilation, stomatal conductance, and stem water flux rate (SFR). The water uptake rate was significantly increased in roses in LT-DW and decreased in those in LT-PW. While showing lower solution uptake rate during vase period, roses in LT-PW exhibited greatest fresh weight, longest positive water balance duration and largest flower diameter. Flowers with two leaves attached exhibited a higher fresh weight and improved water balance, thereby extending vase life. $CO_2$ assimilation rate and stomatal conductance were significantly decreased by placing flowers in LT-PW, yet increased by reducing leaf number to two leaves on the flower stems. Compared to the upper stem, the SFR of the basal stem of roses in AT-DW was lower, whereas SFR in basal stems of roses in LT-DW was much higher, suggesting that low-temperature water improved the hydraulic conductance in the stems. In contrast, roses in LT-PW had a stable SFR during the experimental period and displayed a similar pattern in SFR between upper and basal portions of the stems. Consequently, the vase life of cut roses in LT-PW and LT-DW was extended by more than eight and four days, respectively, compared to those in AT-DW.

예냉과 수확시간이 신선편이 결구상추의 호흡, 갈변 및 미생물 증식에 미치는 영향

인병천(Byung-Chun In),김지강(Ji-Gang Kim) 한국원예학회 2008 원예과학기술지 Vol.26 No.3

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of precooling and harvesting at different times on respiration, browning and microbial growth of fresh-cut iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. U-lake). Iceberg lettuce was harvested at dawn (06:00) and midday (12:00), cooled immediately to 4℃ by precooling, and then transported under refrigerated condition. Iceberg lettuce leaves were cut, washed, dried and packaged into plastic bags (80 ㎛ Ny/PE) and stored at 5℃ for 12 days. Results indicated that respiration rate increased after cutting in all treatments and was lower in precooling treated lettuce than non-treated one. However, no significant difference in O₂ and CO₂ composition was found among treatments during storage. Precooling treatment was effective in inhibiting discoloration for up to 12 days. Samples treated with precooling had lower total phenol content, and a similar tendency was also observed in the result of discoloration development by sensory test. Although precooling treatment having lower aerobic microbial count (5.3 log) than control (6 log) before processing, precooling did not affect microbial population of packaged samples during storage.

Effect of Vase Water Temperature and Preservative on Water Relation and Flower Opening Characteristics in Cut Roses

Byung-Chun In(인병천),Myoung-Kap Chang(장명갑),Ki-Cheol Son(손기철) 한국원예학회 2009 원예과학기술지 Vol.27 No.1

The effect of vase water temperature and preservative on the water relation and bud opening characteristics were determined in cut roses. Freshly harvested ‘Red Sandra’ roses (Rosa spp.) were held in distilled water (Control), ambient-temperature (22.8℃) preservative solution (AT-Solution), or low-temperature (7℃) preservative solution (LT-Solution), and kept in an environment-controlled room (23℃, 60% RH and 12-h photoperiod at 20 μ㏖·m<SUP>-1</SUP>·sec<SUP>-1</SUP> PPF). Treatment effects evaluated were vase life, flower diameter, and changes in fresh weight and water uptake. Differences in water flow were determined by monitoring stem water flux rate, leaf temperature, and leaf boundary layer resistance in Control and LT-Solutions. Changes in flower opening were monitored by using CCD camera and image analysis software. While showing lower water uptake rate in the initial stage, roses held in preservative solutions exhibited a higher fresh weight, a larger flower diameter, and longer positive water balance duration, compared to Control flowers. The rate of water uptake was the lowest in AT-Solution and the highest in LT-Solution. Consequently, the vase life of cut roses held in LT-Solution was extended by 7.6 and 2.6 days compared to those in Control and AT-Solution, respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of low-temperature water and the preservative solution. A rapid decrease in stem water flux rate was observed in Control flowers along with increased leaf temperature and boundary layer resistance. Roses in the LT-Solution displayed a stable stem water flux rate with decreased leaf temperature and boundary layer resistance after day 8. Control flowers began unfolding after day 8 and those in the LT-Solution opened to an angle of 160°. The results indicate that placing roses in low-temperature water resulted in increased water flow and reduced hydraulic resistance, and with a preservative solution, significantly extended vase life.

수확시기가 신선편이 결구상추의 품질 및 미생물수에 미치는 영향

인병천(Byung-Chun In),김지강(Ji-Gang kim),Hataitip Nimikeatkai,이정수(Jung-Soo Lee) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2010 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.19 No.4

본 연구는 수확시기와 같은 수확 전 요인이 수확 후 신선편이 결구상추의 품질과 미생물 수에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 신선편이 가공업체에서 사용하는 결구상추를 5, 6, 7, 10, 12월에 수확하여 관행적인 방법으로 가공한 뒤 필름에 포장하고 5℃에서 9일 동안 저장하면서 품질 조사를 하였다. 미생물 측정을 위한 샘플은 각 단계별(수확, 수송, 가공전, 절단, 1차-세척, 2차-세척, 저장 후 3, 6, 9일)로 수집되었다. 실험 결과 하우스에서 재배되어 5, 10월에 수확된 결구상추는 신선편이 가공 후 포장백 내부의 O₂ 농도가 낮고 CO₂는 매우 높았으며 제품의 전해질 누출이 높게 나타났다. 반면 노지에서 재배된 6, 7월 수확 및 겨울철 하우스재배인 12월에 수확한 원료는 비교적 낮은 CO₂, 전해질 누출 및 갈변을 나타내었다. 원료상태의 미생물수는 7월(6.76 log)에 가장 높았고, 신선편이 가공 후 저장중의 미생물 증식은 5월 시료에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 신선편이 결구상추를 고온, 저습조건의 노지에서 재배되어 6월 상순에 수확한 원료를 사용한 경우 품질과 미생물적 안전성이 모두 우수하였다. 반면, 하우스에서 재배 되어 10월에 수확한 결구상추를 원료로 사용한 경우 기공 전과 후의 미생물적 안전성은 모두 우수하였으나, 이취가 빨리 발생하여 품질특성이 나쁘게 나타났다. 따라서 연중 고품질의 신선편이 결구상추 생산을 위해서는 품질과 안전성을 동시에 제어하고 원료의 환경에 따른 품질유지 기간을 달리 설정할 필요가 있는 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of harvest seasons on quality and microbial population at different steps of production chain of fresh-cut iceberg lettuce. Iceberg lettuces harvested in May, June, July, October, and December were processed following industrial practices, and stored at 5℃ for 9 days. For microbial measurement, samples were taken from each of the following steps: harvest, transport, pretreatment, cutting, 1 st-washing, 2nd-washing, and day 3, 6, and 9 of storage. Iceberg lettuce cultivated in protect house and harvested in May and October showed higher CO₂ levels in the packages and electrolyte leakages than lettuce harvested in June, July and December. Microbial population of raw materials harvested in July was highest (6.76 log), and microbial growth rate during storage was highest in samples harvested in May. Lettuce harvested in June had better quality and microbial safety compared to other lettuces. Although lettuce harvested in October and December had less microbial population in either raw materials or processed products, those samples had inferior quality due to off-odor development and severe browning. Therefore, it is required to maintain quality and ensure microbial safety to distribute fresh-cut lettuce with high quality and safety throughout the year.

Effect of Vase Water Temperature and Leaf Number on Water Relations and Senescence of Cut Roses

Byung-Chun In(인병천),Myoung-Kap Chang(장명갑),Hye-Jin Byoun(변혜진),Ki-Cheol Son(손기철) 한국원예학회 2010 원예과학기술지 Vol.28 No.4

The effect of vase water temperature and leaf number on water relations and senescence responses was determined in cut roses. Freshly harvested ‘Red Sandra’ roses were re-trimmed to 50 cm leaving two or four upper leaves and held in one of three solutions: ambient temperature distilled water (23℃; AT-DW), low temperature distilled water (7℃; LT-DW) and low temperature preservative solution (LT-PW). Flowers were kept in an environmental controlled room. Treatment effects evaluated were vase life, flower diameter, and changes in fresh weight and water uptake. Differences in water relations were determined by measuring CO₂ assimilation, stomatal conductance, and stem water flux rate (SFR). The water uptake rate was significantly increased in roses in LT-DW and decreased in those in LT-PW. While showing lower solution uptake rate during vase period, roses in LT-PW exhibited greatest fresh weight, longest positive water balance duration and largest flower diameter. Flowers with two leaves attached exhibited a higher fresh weight and improved water balance, thereby extending vase life. CO₂ assimilation rate and stomatal conductance were significantly decreased by placing flowers in LT-PW, yet increased by reducing leaf number to two leaves on the flower stems. Compared to the upper stem, the SFR of the basal stem of roses in AT-DW was lower, whereas SFR in basal stems of roses in LT-DW was much higher, suggesting that low-temperature water improved the hydraulic conductance in the stems. In contrast, roses in LT-PW had a stable SFR during the experimental period and displayed a similar pattern in SFR between upper and basal portions of the stems. Consequently, the vase life of cut roses in LT-PW and LT-DW was extended by more than eight and four days, respectively, compared to those in AT-DW.

Effects of 1-Methylcyclopropene on Flower Senescence and Petal Abscission in Dianthus caryophyllus L.

Byung-Chun In(인병천),Josh Strable,Sara E. Patterson 한국원예학회 2016 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2016 No.5

결구상추의 예냉처리 및 수확시간이 신선편이 제품의 품질에 미치는 영향

인병천(Byung Chun In),김지강(Ji Gang Kim) 한국생물환경조절학회 2007 한국생물환경조절학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.16 No.2

1-Methylcyclopropene이 카네이션 절화의 노화지연에 미치는 영향

인병천(Byung-Chun In),손기철(Ki-Cheol Son),오승은(Seung-Eun Oh) 한국원예학회 2002 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.43 No.3

Development of a Vase Life Prediction Model of Cut Roses by Using a Neural Network Technique

Byung Chun In(인병천),Katsuhiko Inamoto,Motoaki Doi,Ji Gang Kim(김지강) 한국원예학회 2007 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2007 No.6