대학생들의 과학기술관련 사회쟁점(SSI) 논의에서 기술의 본성(NOT)은 어떻게 나타나는가?

이현옥 ( Hyunok Lee ),이현주 ( Hyunju Lee ) 한국과학교육학회 2016 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.36 No.2

Socioscientific issues (SSI), by their nature, are conceptually embedded in technology. Previous research reported that nature of technology (NOT), unlike nature of science, was quite explicitly manifested in SSI decision-making, and NOT could be a promising construct for promoting SSI reasoning. In this study, authors introduced an integrated conceptual framework for NOT, which consisted of four dimensions (i.e., artifacts, knowledge, practice and system) as diverse modes of technology. We adapted the framework to investigate students’ conceptualizations of NOT in the context of various SSIs. Data was collected from 45 college students enrolled in a liberal arts course on science and technology. The students participated in a team project, where they prepared and led discussions for SSI topics in class. Seven topics concerning SSIs were selected by students themselves. The preparation and class discussion of each student group were audio-recorded, and final reports were also analyzed. As a result, NOT sub-components in the dimensions of artifacts and system were explicitly represented in most contexts of SSI with various ranges of understanding. Other sub-components under the dimensions of knowledge and practice were rarely or implicitly shown in the discussion. The depth of students’ understanding on NOT varied. Implications for science education were discussed.

동아시아 맥락에서의 돌봄레짐 변화와 이주의 여성화

이현옥(Lee, Hyunok) 비판사회학회 2016 경제와 사회 Vol.- No.110

전통적인 이주의 목적지로 여겨지던 유럽과 북미 등과는 달리, 동아시아 몇몇 국가들은 1990년대부터 본격적으로 새로운 이주의 목적지로 떠올랐다(Castles & Miller, 2009). 이는 이들 국가들이 공통적으로 경험한 급속한 경제발전의 결과이자, 동시에 아시아 지역 내 불균등한 경제발전(uneven development)의 결과로 볼 수 있다. 이주의 여성화 논의에 등장하는 많은 사례들이 아시아에서 유럽과 북미로의 여성이주노동자들을 다루고 있다. 반면, 아시아 역내에서 동아시아 지역으로의 이주 패턴을 살펴보면, 결혼이주의 경우 뚜렷한 여성화 경향을 보이지만, 이주노동의 경우는 각국의 이주정책에 따라 다양한 경향을 보인다. 이는 아시아 지역 내에서의 ‘이주의 여성화’에 대한 논의가 보다 구체적으로 맥락화되어야 함을 의미한다. 본 논문의 목적은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 아시아 역내 이주의 젠더화된 패턴과 그 구조적 맥락을 살펴봄으로써 이주의 여성화 논의를 노동이주뿐만 아니라 혼인이주로까지 확장시키고자 한다. 둘째, 한국과 대만 정부가 펼쳐온 노동시장, 복지, 이주 정책, 사회인구학적 변화들을 살펴봄으로써, 두 국가에서 1980년대 노동력 부족에 대한 대응으로 취한 여성노동정책이 이후 이주정책과 젠더화된 이주 패턴과 어떻게 이어지는지 살펴본다. 이론적으로 남반구(Global South) 여성의 북반구(Global North)로의 이주가 북반구 국가들의 복지와 돌봄레짐 변화로 인해 일어났다는 이주노동의 여성화 논의가 동아시아의 복지와 돌봄레짐 변화의 맥락에서는 어떠한 형태로 전개될 수 있을지를 중심으로 돌봄레짐과 이주의 관계에 대한 맥락화된 논의를 하는 동시에, 한국과 대만에서 나타나는 차이점이 돌봄과 여성 노동시장 참여를 둘러싼 정책과 사회인구학적 변화에 기인함을 보이고자 한다. This paper examines the gendered patterns of migration and contextualizes this migration pattern in changing care regime, women’s labor force participation, and migration policies in East Asia with the case of South Korea and Taiwan. By examining both labor and marriage migration, changing care regime and women’s paid and unpaid reproductive labor, this article expands the discussion of feminization of migration in the context of East Asia. While addressing the common economic and socio-demographic conditions for current migration in these countries, which were shaped under the compressed modernization, this paper highlights the difference in the ways in which the labor of migrant is used and explains that it depends on the policies on migration, women’s labor and care provision.

三論學에 보이는 佛性의 문제 - 승조를 중심으로 -

이현옥(Lee Hyunok) 보조사상연구원 2005 보조사상 Vol.23 No.-

The topic of this article deals with a changes of Buddhata(佛性)'s concept in Sanlun school(三論宗). This paper was written specially for Seng-chao(僧肇) and Dao-sheng(道生), Ji-zang(吉藏)'s thought. Through this research, I could get following conclusion. Dao-sheng(道生, 372-434) is regarded as having played a pioneering role in developing Buddhata theory(佛性論) in the history of Chinese Buddhism. his life is in the situation that Xuan theory(玄學) and Nirvana theory(涅槃學) was popular. So he comes under the influence of Xuan theory and Nirvana theory. but his Buddhata theory is include substantive-thin(實體的 思惟) in literary. Even though Seng-chao(僧肇, 374-414?) was not found a actual example(for example concept of Buddhata and so on) in Buddhata theory, he concentrated his attention to concept of Buddhata and his madhyamapratipad theory(exactly 二諦中道論) succeed to Nagarjuna(龍樹, 150-250)’s thought. The main features of Sanlun school(三論宗) is madhyamapratipad-Buddhata theory(中道佛性論). Ji-zang(吉藏 549-623) completed the madhyamapratipad-Buddhata theory(中道佛性論) In time of examine in Sanlun school's literary, the madhyamapratipad-Buddhata theory is affected by Seng-chao's satyadvaya-madhyamapratipad theory(二諦中道論) rather than Dao-sheng's In this point, We could think that it should to set a high value on a Seng-chao's thought in Buddhata theory.

대학생의 전공계열 및 성별 집단에 따른 과학기술관련 인성과 가치관에 대한 특성 탐색

이현옥(Lee, Hyunok),이향연(Rhee, Hyang-yon) 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2019 교육과학연구 Vol.50 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 과학기술관련 인성과 가치관에 대한 특성을 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 위해 세계시민으로서의 인성과 가치관을 과학기술 맥락에서 묻는 평가도구(CVGCA)와 전통적인 기술에 대한 태도(PATT) 검사지를 활용하였다. 연구참여자는 대학생 111명(공과계열 50명, 비공과계열 61명)으로 전공계열(공과계열 및 비공과계열) 및 성별집단에 따른 인성과 가치관, 과학기술에 대한 태도 차이를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 전공계열에 상관없이 ‘생태학적 세계관(EW)’과 ‘기술의 결과(T-C)’ 사이에 부적 상관관계가 나타났다. ‘사회적 책무(SA)’와 ‘기술에 대한 흥미(T-I)’ 사이의 상관관계는 공과계열 학생에게만 유의하게 나타난 반면 ‘사회도덕적 공감(SM)’과 ‘기술과 직업(T-J)’은 비공과계열에서만 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었다. CVGCA와 PATT 하위 영역에 대한 전공 및 성별 차이를 분석한 결과에서는 성별에서만 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 결과적으로 CVGCA의 생태학적 세계관은 전통적 측정도구 PATT의 기술의 결과와 대비되었으며, 과학기술의 맥락에서 발생하는 도덕적‧윤리적 쟁점에 대한 인성 및 가치관에서 공과계열 학생과 비공과계열 학생 사이에는 차이가 없는 반면, 현대적 관점을 반영하는 생태학적 세계관에서 여학생이 남학생보다 높은 인식을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 과학기술 관련 인성교육에 대한 함의점을 논의하였다. This study identifies the features of university students" science- and technology-related character and values as global citizens. A comparative analysis was performed according to students" major (engineering and non-engineering) and gender utilizing CVGCA (Character and Values as Global Citizens Assessment) and PATT (Pupil"s Attitude Toward Engineering and Technology). There was a significant relationship between students" EW (ecological world view) and T-C (consequence of engineering) and a negative correlation between both majors. SA (social accountability) was significantly related to E-I (interest in engineering) for engineering students while SM (social and moral compassion) was closely related to T-J (engineering and job) for non-engineering students. This study further tested the differences in the averages of CVGCA and PATT sub-categories according to major and gender groups. Significant differences were found only in gender groups. The implications of the research findings for science- and technology-related character education of university students were suggested.

과학자들의 일상과 연구과정을 다룬 다큐멘터리를 통한 대학생들의 과학 및 과학자에 대한 인식변화 탐색

이현옥 ( Hyunok Lee ),문지영 ( Jiyeong Mun ) 한국과학교육학회 2018 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.38 No.2

In spite of a growing number of recent studies that indicate students are coming to view scientists with more varied images, the stereotypical image of scientists remains in many students’ minds. In this study, the authors explore how college students change their perceptions of science and scientists through the use of a documentary that focuses on scientists’ daily lives, including laboratory life, and their emotional ups-and-downs. We analyzed 109 college students’ essays on perceptions about scientists after watching the documentary. As a result, 64.2% of the college students declared that there was a change in their perception of scientists. The students’ new perceptions of science and scientists are as follows: 1) scientists undergo emotional ups-and-downs just like any normal person; 2) scientists experience numerous failures while researching; 3) science does not have a fixed answer and scientists undertake research with creativity; 4) scientists conduct research in collaboration, but also in highly competitive environments; 5) scientists are often frustrated with their socio-economic status. The students’ previous perceptions on science and scientists were mainly stereotypical ones that have been reported in previous studies. In addition, of the other college students who did not change their perceptions, the majority declared that they have new perceptions such as 1) - 5). Only a small percentage of students (7.3%) had unchanged stereotypical perceptions. These results are interpreted as that college students relatively easily change their stereotypical images of scientists after watching the documentary but, alternatively, the results can be interpreted that the most stereotypical images of college students are not perceptions that form a deep impression, but rather they are simply depictions of representative images of scientists given from outside sources (e.g. the mass media and school).

태양광전원이 연계된 배전계통의 선로전압조정장치 최적 설치 위치에 관한연구

이현옥(Hyunok Lee),김재철(Jaechul Kim),이주광(Jookwang Lee),노대석(Daeseok Rho) 대한전기학회 2013 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

과학기술관련 사회쟁점 수업을 통한 대학생의 기술의 본성에 대한 인식변화 탐색

이현옥(Hyunok Lee),이현주(Hyunju Lee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2016 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.16 No.10

현대 과학기술 사회에서 기술의 본성(NOT)을 이해하는 것은 학생들이 갖추어야할 주요 역량 중 하나이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 많은 학생들이 기술을 인공물로 제한하여 인식하고 있으며, 기술의 다면적 속성에 대해서는 간과하는 경향을 보인다. 이 에, 본 연구에서는 학생들의 NOT 인식을 함양하기 위한 교육 방안으로 과학기술관련사회쟁점(SSI) 교육프로그램을 개발하여 적용하였다. 본 연구에는 대학에서 개설된 과학기술관련 교양 수업을 듣는 1학년 학생 28명(공학전공 10명, 사회과학전공 3명, 인문과학전공 15명)이 참여하였다. 수업 전후에 대학생들의 NOT 인식변화를 살펴보기 위하여 기술의 네 차원(인공물, 실행, 지식, 시스템)을 포괄하는 설문지(QNOT)를 개발하여 투입하였다. QNOT는 NOT의 이론적 틀을 기반으로 개발된 설문지로, 기술의 인공물, 실행, 지식, 시스템 측면에 대한 인식을 측정할 수 있는 7문항으로 구성되어 있다. 이외에도, 학생들과의 사후 면담, SSI 수업에서 드러나는 학생들의 담화와 학습자료 등이 자료로 포함되었다. SSI 수업 결과, 인공물 및 지식 차원에서는 학생들의 NOT 인식 변화가 크게 나타나지 않았으나, 실행 및 시스템 차원에서는 NOT 인식이 향상되는 방향으로 변화가 나타났다. 본 연구는 NOT를 함양하기 위한 방안으로서 SSI 수업의 가능성을 실증적으로 제시하였다는데 의의가 있겠다. In the contemporary society, understanding of Nature of technology(NOT) has long been recommended to be an important part for promoting students’ scientific and technological literacy. However, not a small number of students still possess limited view of technology as artifacts, and hardly perceive multi-faceted nature of technology. In this study, therefore, authors suggested SSI programs as an instructional approach to enhance students’ understanding of NOT. Twenty eight 1st year college students, registered in the SSI program, participated in this study. Data was collected by administering Questionnaire on Nature of Technology(QNOT) which consisted of 7 items covering four dimensions of technology(i.e., artifacts, knowledge, practice, and system). Supplementary data source included in-depth individual interviews with 12 students, audio recordings of student group discussions, and their reflective writings. In results, even though they did not present significant improvement in their perceptions under artifacts and knowledge dimensions of NOT, some participants showed enhanced NOT perceptions under practice and systems dimensions after the course. They tended to consider diverse aspects of technology using specific cases, and to critically examine the cases.

과학기술관련 사회쟁점에 대한 의사결정에서 나타나는 NOT 이해 수준의 평가를 위한 루브릭 개발 및 적용

이현옥 ( Hyunok Lee ),이현주 ( Hyunju Lee ) 한국과학교육학회 2017 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.37 No.2

Current science education aims to guide students as future responsible citizens to make informed decisions on socioscientific issues (SSI). In the authors` previous study, it was found that conceptions of nature of technology (NOT) were explicitly represented in various contexts of SSI with differentiated levels of understanding, and cases of the informed NOT understanding included the key features of well-reasoned SSI decision-making. Therefore, enhancing NOT understanding could be one of the elements to leverage students` informed SSI decision-making. In this study, we developed a rubric to assess NOT understanding in the context of SSI and applied it to evaluate the impact of SSI instruction. Participants were 58 college students who took an SSI course for 6 weeks. Before and after the SSI course, they were asked to write decision-making essays on the Golden Rice issue (a type of genetically modified food). As a result of analyzing the pre- and post decision-making essay using the rubric, it was found that NOT understanding was improved after the SSI course; in addition, the salient patterns of NOT changes were analyzed in detail in order to gauge the influence of the SSI classes. Implications for science education were discussed.

서울시 여성의 사회적경제 진입 및 지속성장을 위한 지원방안 연구

이경숙(Kyoungsook Lee),김영정(Young Jeong Kim),이현옥(Hyunok Lee),박주희(Joohee Park),안인숙 서울시 여성가족재단 2015 서울시 여성가족재단 연구사업보고서 Vol.- No.-

과학기술관련 사회쟁점 (SSI)과 위험교육의 통합적 접근의 필요성 및 교육 모형 탐색

이현주 ( Hyunju Lee ),박영신 ( Young-shin Park ),이현옥 ( Hyunok Lee ),문공주 ( Kongju Mun ),황요한 ( Yohan Hwang ) 한국과학교육학회 2024 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.44 No.4

This study aims to explore educational methods to help students and citizens, who are exposed to numerous manufactured risks, better understand the nature of science and technology. It also seeks to develop their ability to identify, analyze, and evaluate the risks associated with science and technology, ultimately enabling them to live safer lives in society. To achieve this, through an extensive literature review, we explored the definition of risk, the necessity of risk education, and the relationship between SSI (Socioscientific Issues) education and risk education. Based on the results, we proposed the SSI-CURE (Socioscientific Issues Centered on the Understanding of Risk and its Evaluation) model, which can systematically educate about risks in the context of SSI. The SSI-CURE model proceeds through the following four steps: 1) Confrontation of SSI, 2) Understanding the Nature of Science and Technology with SSI, 3) Risk Assessment in SSI, and 4) Enactment of Countermeasures for SSI. These steps represent the key elements for education on risks in the context of SSI: Conceptual understanding of risks (risk knowledge), competencies necessary for discussing or addressing risk situations (risk competency), scientific content knowledge needed to understand risks (knowledge in science), and knowledge required to understand the causes of risks and their impacts (knowledge about science). We expect that the SSI-CURE model can be used not only as a guide for instruction but also as a representative framework for developing programs to educate about risks in the SSI context.