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이진환,최준식,백채선,범진필 한국약제학회 1989 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.19 No.3
This study was attempted to investigate the dissolution rate and the bioavailability after oral administration of commercially available aspirin tablets in normal volunteers. The dissolution test was conducted in artificial gastric juice using basket method with three aspirin preparations (A, B and C) which were chemically equivalent. The results were as follows; The dissolution rate was higher in the order of three different brand B>A>C. Area under the blood concentration and peak blood concentration were larger in the order of brand A>B>C. Absorption rate constant and peak time were larger in the order of brand B>A>C, and there was a little difference in elimination rate constant and biological half-life. The correlation of the dissolution rate and absorption rate constant, as well as correlation of the dissolution rate and peak time showed significant linear relationship respectively. From the results of this experiment, it can be concluded that the bioavailability of aspirin tablets showed much difference according to commercial preparations, and that the bioavailability of aspirin tablets in human may be predicted from the results of dissolution rate studies.
이진환,최준식,문영민 한국약제학회 2002 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.32 No.3
Diltiazem inhibits calcium channels and leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation and negative inotropic and chronotropic effects in the heart. Diltiazem is almost completely absorbed after oral administration, but its extent of absolute oral bioavailability is reduced because of considerable first-pass hepatic metabolism. Diltiazem is able toe dilaterenal vasculature and can increase the glomerular filtration rate and renal sodium excretion. The purpose of this study was to report the pharmacokinetic changes of diltiazem after oral administration of diltiazem, 20㎎/㎏, in rabbits co-administered with cimetidine, 20㎎/㎏ and pretreated twice per day for 3 days at cimetidine dose of 20㎎/㎏. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve)AUC) of diltiazem was significantly higher in rabbits pretreated with cimetidine than that in control rabbits (p<0.01), showing about 149% increased relative bioavailability. The peak plasma concentration (C_max) and elimination half-life of diltiazem were increased significantly (p<0.05) in rabbits pretreated with cimetidine compared with those in control rabbits. This findings could be due to significant reduction of elimination rate constant by pretreated with cimetidine. The effects of cimetidine on the pharmacokinetics of oral diltiazem were more considerable in rabbits pretreated with cimetidine compared with those in control rabbits. The results suggest that the dosage of diltiazem should be adjusted when the drug would be co-administered chronically with cimetidine in a clinical situation.
Proteolytic Enzyme 이 Pyrazinamide 의 흡수 , 배설에 미치는 영향
이진환,최준식 한국약제학회 1975 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.5 No.4
This paper attempts to investigate the effect of proteolytic enzyme on the absorption and excretion of pyrazinamide. The rat small intestinal absorption of pyrazinamide in the presence of proteolytic enzyme such as chymotrypsin and compounding enzyme (chymotrypsin and trypsin) are increasingly absorbed, but in the trypsin are similar to that of control. Blood levels of pyrazinamide after rabbit's duodenum injection are significantly enhenced to correspond to 112-120% by proteolytic enzymes concentration respectively, but both on the high concentration of chymotrypsin and the low concentration of trypsin are insignificantly enhenced. Proteolytic enzymes do not give the effect on clearance of pyrazinamide. Proteolytic enzymes give the effect on absorption of pyrazinamide, but do not give the effect on excretion of pyrazinamide.
세파졸린피발로일옥시메칠에스텔의 합성 및 생물약제학적 연구
이진환,최준식,범진필,안선엽 한국약제학회 1992 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.22 No.2
A prodrug of cefazolin pivaloyloxymethyl ester (CFZ-PV) was synthesized to improve oral absorption and bioavailability of parent drug by esterification of sodium cefazolin (CFZ) with chloromethyl pivalate. The successful synthesis of CFZ-PV was confirmed by spectroscopic analysis. Partition coefficient studies showed that CFZ-PV is more lipophilic than CFZ. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of CFZ-PV and CFZ preparations were compared following oral administrations of these compounds to rabbits. The analysis of CFZ in plasma was conducted by HPLC method. The ester compound (prodrug) was not detected in plasma following oral administration of CFZ-PV, and although CFZ-PV had not microbiological activity in vitro, the plasma taken after CFZ-PV administration had microbiological activity. From above observations, it was noted that CFZ-PV is rapidly hydrolyzed to CFZ in the body. And it was found that the oral absorption of CFZ-PV was increased, yielding 2-fold higher bioavailability than CFZ. From the results of this experiment, it was concluded that CFZ-PV could be a novel prodrug of CFZ which can improve the oral bioavailability of CFZ.
이진환,박소현,최승준,안수좌,김형식,심영섭,김연석 대한영상의학회 2019 대한영상의학회지 Vol.80 No.1
Intramural hematoma of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare disease entity. Pancreatitis-induced intramural gastric hematoma (IGH) is far more seldom reported. Here, we report a rare case of a giant IGH occurring as a delayed complication of pancreatitis in a 51-year-old man. The diagnosis was made using computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic ultrasonography. The patient was conservatively managed, and follow-up abdominal CT showed marked decreases in the size of the IGH.
이진환,이창현,박호범,이영무 한국고분자학회 2006 Macromolecular Research Vol.14 No.4
Novel sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketones) containing benzoxazole were directly synthesized by aromatic nucleophilic polycondensation using various ratios of 2,2'-bi[2-(4-flurophenyl)benzoxazol-6-yl]hexafluoropropane to sodium 5,5'-carbonylbis(2-fluorobenzenesulfonate). The copolymers were soluble in polar aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N,N-dimethylformamide at a relatively high solid compo sition (>15wt%) and formed tough, flexible and transparent membranes. The membranes exhibited a degradation temperature of above 290oC. The exact dissolution times of these membranes at 80oC in Fenton's reagent (3wt% H2O2 containing 2ppm FeSO4) were undetectable, confirming their excellent chemical stability in fuel cell application. The membranes showed a moderate increase in water uptake with respect to increasing temperature. The proton conductivities of the membranes were dependent on the composition and ranged from 1.10 10-2 to 5.5010-2 Scm-1 at 80oC and 95% relative humidity (RH). At 120oC without externally humidified conditions, the conductivities increased above 10-2 Scm-1 with respect to increasing benzoxazole content, which suggested that the benzoxazole moieties contributed to the proton conduction.
이진환,송현숙,이은호 ( Jin Hwan Lee,Hyun Sook Song,Eun Ho Lee ) 한국환경생물학회 1997 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.15 No.2
In order to understand the dynamics of the phytoplankton diatoms, the present study revealed species composition, fluctuation of phytoplankton standing crops, variation of the dominant species, and the causative organisms of red-tide, charateristics of red-tide due to Skeletonema costatum during the period from January 1990 to December 1991 in Inchon Dock of Korea. During these studies, phytoplankton diatoms were identified 99 taxa, representing 2 order 4 suborders 14 families 2 subfamilies 47 genera 93 species 1 variety 1 form and 4 unknown species. Phytoplankton standing crops varied from a minimum of 3.3×10 exp (3)cells/c (St. 1-B, Sept. 1991) to a maximum of 1.2×10 exp (7)cells/^2+ (St. 1-S, Aug. 1990). The first and the second dominant species were Skeletonema costatum, Paralia sulcata, Licmophora abbreviata, Chaetoceros curvisetus, C. lorenzianus, Eucampia zodiacus, Achnanthes brevipes, Asterionellopsis gracialis and Melosira borreri. The causative organisms of red -tide occurred a total number of 33 taxa and showed high frequency of Skeletonema costatum and Cylundrotheca closterium. Some environmental factors, water temperature, NO_3-N, NH_4-N, and SiO_2-Si had predominantly influenced on Skeletonema costatum red-tide.