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        고려·조선시대 윤관 9성 인식의 변화

        이정신 한국중세사학회 2012 한국중세사연구 Vol.0 No.32

        Evaluation of Yun Gwan has been changed and deeply related to conquering of northeastern territory in Korean history. Yun Gwan was under-evaluated during Goryeo period since Nine Fortresses were returned to Yeojin (Jurchen) despite Yun Gwan conquered Yeojin area and established Nine Fortresses previously. When Jin (Jurchen) asked Goryeo to serve Jin as a tributary at the time of King Injong, the return of Nine Fortresses was reconsidered and Yun Gwan was re-evaluated and put on the list of veneration at the shrine of King Yejong. Since then Yun Gwan was not mentioned in Goryeo politics to the end of Goryeo dynasty since Goryeo could not expand its territory to the north as Jin and Yuan became major powers. At the period of King Gongmin, Nine Fortresses of Yun Gwan was mentioned in the poems of Yi Saek and Jeong Chu as restoration of Ssangseongchonggwanbu in the 5th year of King Gongmin and conquering of Liaodong in the 19th year re-emphasized the importance of Nine Fortresses. In the early Joseon period, Nine Fortresses of Yun Gwan became a hot topic of discussion as King Sejong expanded to the northeastern territory and built Four Gun(Counties) and Six Jin(Fortress). In the process, Nine Fortresses of Yun Gwan was used to justify to claim the Chinese-Korean border. When Ming tried to build a fortress castle in Gaeju at the time of King Seongjong, the royal court entered a big debate on it. Yangseongji opposed against Ming's building the fortress arguing that Jin did not invade Goryeo since the Seonchunryeong (Shenchunling) became the territorial boundary where Nine Fortresses were built by Yun Gwan, thus he reevaluated Yun Gwan. When Joseon dynasty determined to attack Jin in alliance with Ming, Jo Wi contended for strengthening the army and logistics to attack Jin recognizing that the returning of Nine Fortresses by Yun Gwan was due to lack of logistics. The proponents frequently quoted Yun Gwan to justify their views and this trend continued to the end of late Joseon period. During late Joseon period, the locations of NIne Fortresses monuments were frequently discussed among the court and intellectuals since their concerns for the northen territory and territorial boundary expanded when Joseon made a treaty on the border with Qing and built a Jeonggyebi (boundary determining stone monument) at the top of Baekdu Mountain(Jangbaisan) in 1712. Many scholars of Silhak (Practical School) also concerned for Nine Fortresses. An Jeong Bok, Han Baek Gyeom, Sin Gyeong Jun, Han Jin Seo, Jeong Yak Yong, and Kim Jeong Ho saw the boundary of Nine Fortress is below Duman(Tomen) River (south of Duman River). In late 18th century, Yi Jong hwi, Hong Gyeong Mo, Hong Ei Yeong, Pak Rae Gyeom, Song In Myeong, and Yi Ik contended the Nine Fortress monuments were located above the Duman River (north of Duman River), At the time of King Yeongjo, Some critics, such as Song In Myeong and Yi Ik, deplored that Josen lost territory of 700 Ri by determining Baekdu Mountain as a territorial boundary instead of Songhwa (Sunghwa) River. The critics criticized that representatives from Joseon did not debate with Mok Geuk, a representative from Qing based on the fact that the stone monuments of Yun Gwan's Nine Fortresses were located at the north of Duman River. The recognition of Yun Gwan in the period was closely related to the attempt of the contemporary to emphasize independence of Joseon out of Qing's influence. Intellectuals in the late Daehan Empire used the historical episode of Yun Gwan to overcome the national crisis opposing Russia's southern expasion policy. However, the intellectuals did not go into further to enter the war to recover the territory. The newly recognized historical Nine Fortresses during the period out of interest to recover the territoy by the contemporary intellectuals remained as a historical memory of the golden time, not developed into an actual policy. Nine Fortresses of Yun Gwan was the largest territory Goryeo expa... Evaluation of Yun Gwan has been changed and deeply related to conquering of northeastern territory in Korean history. Yun Gwan was under-evaluated during Goryeo period since Nine Fortresses were returned to Yeojin (Jurchen) despite Yun Gwan conquered Yeojin area and established Nine Fortresses previously. When Jin (Jurchen) asked Goryeo to serve Jin as a tributary at the time of King Injong, the return of Nine Fortresses was reconsidered and Yun Gwan was re-evaluated and put on the list of veneration at the shrine of King Yejong. Since then Yun Gwan was not mentioned in Goryeo politics to the end of Goryeo dynasty since Goryeo could not expand its territory to the north as Jin and Yuan became major powers. At the period of King Gongmin, Nine Fortresses of Yun Gwan was mentioned in the poems of Yi Saek and Jeong Chu as restoration of Ssangseongchonggwanbu in the 5th year of King Gongmin and conquering of Liaodong in the 19th year re-emphasized the importance of Nine Fortresses. In the early Joseon period, Nine Fortresses of Yun Gwan became a hot topic of discussion as King Sejong expanded to the northeastern territory and built Four Gun(Counties) and Six Jin(Fortress). In the process, Nine Fortresses of Yun Gwan was used to justify to claim the Chinese-Korean border. When Ming tried to build a fortress castle in Gaeju at the time of King Seongjong, the royal court entered a big debate on it. Yangseongji opposed against Ming's building the fortress arguing that Jin did not invade Goryeo since the Seonchunryeong (Shenchunling) became the territorial boundary where Nine Fortresses were built by Yun Gwan, thus he reevaluated Yun Gwan. When Joseon dynasty determined to attack Jin in alliance with Ming, Jo Wi contended for strengthening the army and logistics to attack Jin recognizing that the returning of Nine Fortresses by Yun Gwan was due to lack of logistics. The proponents frequently quoted Yun Gwan to justify their views and this trend continued to the end of late Joseon period. During late Joseon period, the locations of NIne Fortresses monuments were frequently discussed among the court and intellectuals since their concerns for the northen territory and territorial boundary expanded when Joseon made a treaty on the border with Qing and built a Jeonggyebi (boundary determining stone monument) at the top of Baekdu Mountain(Jangbaisan) in 1712. Many scholars of Silhak (Practical School) also concerned for Nine Fortresses. An Jeong Bok, Han Baek Gyeom, Sin Gyeong Jun, Han Jin Seo, Jeong Yak Yong, and Kim Jeong Ho saw the boundary of Nine Fortress is below Duman(Tomen) River (south of Duman River). In late 18th century, Yi Jong hwi, Hong Gyeong Mo, Hong Ei Yeong, Pak Rae Gyeom, Song In Myeong, and Yi Ik contended the Nine Fortress monuments were located above the Duman River (north of Duman River), At the time of King Yeongjo, Some critics, such as Song In Myeong and Yi Ik, deplored that Josen lost territory of 700 Ri by determining Baekdu Mountain as a territorial boundary instead of Songhwa (Sunghwa) River. The critics criticized that representatives from Joseon did not debate with Mok Geuk, a representative from Qing based on the fact that the stone monuments of Yun Gwan's Nine Fortresses were located at the north of Duman River. The recognition of Yun Gwan in the period was closely related to the attempt of the contemporary to emphasize independence of Joseon out of Qing's influence. Intellectuals in the late Daehan Empire used the historical episode of Yun Gwan to overcome the national crisis opposing Russia's southern expasion policy. However, the intellectuals did not go into further to enter the war to recover the territory. The newly recognized historical Nine Fortresses during the period out of interest to recover the territoy by the contemporary intellectuals remained as a historical memory of the golden time, not developed into an actual policy. Nine Fortresses of Yun Gwan was the largest territory Goryeo expanded...

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        피치운동을 이용한 정밀 다위치 정렬기법 개발

        이정신,Lee, Jung-Shin 한국군사과학기술학회 2010 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.13 No.4

        In Strapdown Inertial Navigation System, alignment accuracy is the most important factor to determine the performance of navigation. However by an existing self-alignment method, it takes a long time to acquire the alignment accuracy that we want. So, to attain the desired alignment accuracy in as little as $\bigcirc$ minutes, we have developed the precise multi-position alignment method. In this paper, it is proposed a inertial measurement matching transfer alignment method among alignment methods to minimize the alignment error in a short time. It is based on a mixed velocity-DCM matching method be suitable to the operating environment of vertical launching system. The compensation methods to reduce misalign error, especially azimuth angle error incurred by measurement time-delay error and body flexure error are analyzed and evaluated with simulation. This simulation results are finally confirmed by experimentations using FMS(Flight Motion Simulator) in Lab and the integration test to follow the fire control mission.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재
      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        악성빈혈을 동반한 골다공증 1 예

        이정신,최승원,이기업,김상욱,박중열,김기수 대한내분비학회 1993 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.8 No.3

        A few studies strongly suggest that pernicious anemia is a risk factor for osteoporosis, but the mechanism is unknown. Recently we experienced a 65-year-old female with pernicious anemia and osteoporosis. She had multiple compression fractrues of thoracolumbar vertebrae and low bone mineral density of spine and femur by dual photon absorptiometry. Pernicious anemia was confirmed with low serum vitamin B12 level and characteristic bone marrow findings. She did not have other secondary causes of ostoeporosis other than pernicious anemia. Although we co not believe pernicous anemia is solely responsible for osteoporosis of this patient, it must have contributed some to the development of the disease. In summary; pernicious anemia is a risk factor for osteoporosis and optimal evaluation and management of bone loss should be done in patients with pernicious anemia, especially in postmenopausal state(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 8:351~355, 1993).

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