치루의 후향적 분석과 임상적 고찰

이용직,이미옥,김성수,이영택,박용기,최창록 대한대장항문학회 1999 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.15 No.4

열녀정부인여산송씨묘비

이용직,박기양 전북역사문화학회 2009 전라북도금석문대계 Vol.3 No.-

Tubularized Penile-Flap Urethroplasty Using a Fasciocutaneous Random Pedicled Flap for Recurrent Anterior Urethral Stricture

이용직,Byung Kwon Lee 대한성형외과학회 2012 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.39 No.3

This report describes the use of a tubularized random flap for the curative treatment of recurrent anterior urethral stricture. Under the condition of pendulous lithotomy and suprapubic cystostomy, the urethral stricture was removed via a midline ventral penile incision followed by elevation of the flap and insertion of an 18-Fr catheter. Subcutaneous buried interrupted sutures were used to reapproximate the waterproof tubularized neourethra and to coapt with the neourethra and each stump of the urethra, first proximally and then distally. The defect of the penile shaft was covered by advancement of the surrounding scrotal flap. The indwelling catheter was maintained for 21 days. A 9 month postoperative cystoscopy showed no flap necrosis, no mechanical stricture, and no hair growth on the lumen of the neourethra. The patient showed no voiding discomfort 6 months after the operation. The advantages of this procedure are the lack of need for microsurgery,shortening of admission, the use of only spinal anesthesia (no general anesthesia), and a relatively short operative time. The tubularized unilateral penile fasciocutaneous flap should be considered an option for initial flap urethroplasty as a curative technique.

국가식품정책측면에서의 채소, 과일 공급 프로그램

이용직 한국식생활문화학회 2020 한국식생활문화학회학술대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.10

연골조직공학에서 Polylactic-Glycolic Acid와 Chitosan 골격의 비교

이용직,정호윤,신동필,김종엽,양정덕,이동걸,박재우,조병채,백봉수 대한성형외과학회 2005 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.32 No.5

Clinical application of the cartilage formed by tissue engineering is of no practical use due to the failure of long-term structural integrity maintenance. One of the important factors for integrity maintenance is the biomaterial for a scaffold. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference between polylactic-co-glycolic acids (PLGA) and chitosan as scaffolds. Human auricular chondrocytes were isolated, cultured, and seeded on the scaffolds, which were implanted in the back of nude mice. Eight animals were sacrificed at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation respectively. In gross examination and histological findings, the volume of chondrocyte-PLGA complexes was decreased rapidly. The volume of chondrocyte-chitosan complexes was well maintained with a slow decrease rate. The expression of type II collagen protein detected by immunohistochemistry and western blots became weaker with time in the chondrocyte-PLGA complexes. However, the expression in the chondrocyte-chitosan complexes was strong for the whole period. Collagen type II gene expressions using RT-PCR showed a similar pattern. In conclusion, these results suggest that chitosan is a superior scaffold in cartilage tissue engineering in terms of structural integrity maintenance. It is expected that chitosan scaffold may become one of the most useful scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.

왜 우리나라는 '물부족 구가'로 분류되는가?

이용직 한국관개배수위원회 1999 한국관개배수회지 Vol.21 No.-

그 배경은, 근래 수자원 및 물 문제와 관련하여 흔히 사용되고 있는 것이 ‘UN에서 세계 각국을 $\ulcorner$물기근 국가군$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$물부족 국가군$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$물풍부 국가군$\lrcorner$으로 구분할 때 우리나라를 $\ulcorner$물부족 국가군

고지방 및 고포도당 조건에서 배양한 근육 세포의 지방산 대사에 미치는 PPAR-α와 PPAR-γ agonist의 효과

이용직,안철우,차봉수,김수경,조정산,이현철,김혜진,심완섭 대한당뇨병학회 2006 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.30 No.5

-Background: Studies for the regulation of fatty acid metabolism are deficient relatively in skeletal muscle and heart. The investigations in pathological conditions for malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD) and for the relation of MCD and PPAR-α-γ agonists are insufficient in particular. Methods: In the current study, fully differentiated H9c2 muscle cells were exposed to pathological conditions such as hyperlipidemic (0.1 mM Palmitate) and hyperglycemic (16.5 mM Glucose) condition with 5 uM PPAR-γ agonist (rosiglitazone) and 10 uM PPAR-α agonist (WY14,643) and then experiments such as MCD activity assay, MCD real-time RT-PCR, MCD reporter gene assay, MCD Western blotting, PPAR-α Western blotting, and palmitate oxidation test were carried out. Results: Only PPAR-α agonist increased MCD activity. In the result of real-time RT-PCR, both PPAR-α and PPAR-γ agonists elevated MCD mRNA expression in hyperlipidemic condition. MCD protein expression was decreased in hyperlipidemic condition, however, increased in rosiglitazone, or WY14,643 treated conditions. Rosiglitazone, and WY14,643 treated groups showed incresed MCD protein expression in hyperglycemic condition.Hyperlipidemic control group and PPAR-α-γ agonists treated groups presented about 3.8 times more increased palmitate oxidation level than normolipidemic control group in hyperlipidemic condition. PPAR-α agonist treated group showed 49% more increased palmitate oxidation rate than hyperlipidemic control group in primary cultured rat skeletal muscle cells. The amount of palmitate oxidation from differentiated H9c2 muscle cells that had overexpressed PPAR-α structural genes was more increased than control group.접수일자: 2005년 2월 15일, 통과일자: 2006년 7월 27일, 책임저자: 차봉수, 연세대학교 의과대학 내과학교실 연구배경: 골격근과 심장에서 지방산 대사의 조절에 관한 연구는 상대적으로 부족한 실정이다. 특히 지방산 대사에서 필수적인 역할을 할 것으로 추측되는 malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD)와 PPAR-α-γ agonist들과의 상호관계 등에 관한 병리적 조건에서 수행된 연구는 미흡한 상태이다. 방법: 본 연구에서는 충분히 분화된 H9c2 근육 세포들을 고지방 (0.1 mM palmitate) 및 고포도당 (16.5 mM glucose)같은 병리적 조건에서 5 uM PPAR-γ agonist (rosiglitazone) 혹은 10 uM PPAR-α agonist (WY14,643)를 처리한 상태에서 MCD activity assay, MCD real-time RT-PCR, MCD reporter gene assay, MCD Western blotting, PPAR-α Western blotting, 그리고 지방산 산화 시험 (palmitate oxidation test)등의 실험을 수행하였다. 결과: 병리적 조건에서 감소된 MCD 활성은 PPAR-α agonist인 WY14,643만이 증가시켰다. real-time RT-PCR을 한 결과 PPAR-α 및 PPAR-γ agonist들 둘 다 고지방 조건에서 MCD mRNA 발현을 증가시켰다. MCD 단백질 발현은 고지방 조건에서 감소하였지만 rosiglitazone과 WY14,643을 처리하였을 때 증가하였다. 고포도당 조건에서 고포도당 대조군은 정상 대조군과 단백질 발현에 차이는 없었으나 rosiglitazone과 WY14,643을 처리하였을 때 MCD 단백질 발현이 증가하였다. 고지방 조건에서 고지방 대조군과 PPAR-α-γ agonist들을 처리한 군들은 정상 대조군보다 3.8배 더 증가한 지방산 산화량을 나타내었다. 배양한 쥐 골격근 세포들에서 지방산 산화 시험 결과는 PPAR-α agonist 처리 군이 고지방 대조군보다 49% 더 증가한 지방산 산화량을 보여 주었다. PPAR-α 구조 유전자가 과 발현된 H9c2 근육 세포들은 대조군보다 지방산 산화량이 더 증가 하였다.

합리적 관개용수량 산정에 관한 연구

이용직,김선주,김필식,주욱종,양용석,Lee, Yong-Jig,Kim, Sun-Joo,Kim, Phil-Shik,Joo, Uk-Jong,Yang, Yong-Seok 한국농공학회 2006 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.48 No.3

In this study, the actual water management were investigated and analyzed on site for effective use of the paddy irrigation water. And this study is tried to analyze the difference between simulated irrigation water according to current design method and actual water supply in experimental reservoirs. The reservoirs in Idong, Yongdeok and Misan, which are managed by Korea Rural Community & Agriculture Corporation, were selected fur field investigation. The purpose of this study is to suggest an improved method for irrigation water calculation through quantitative and periodical analysis considering the difference between design and actual field condition.

위암세포 사멸에 미치는 겨우살이 추출물과 항암제의 효과

이용직,허수학,신동규,강성구,김일명,김태희,Lee, Yong-Jik,Heo, Su Hak,Shin, Dong Gue,Kang, Sung-Koo,Kim, Il Myung,Kim, Tae Hee 대한위암학회 2008 대한위암학회지 Vol.8 No.3

목적: 여러 암 치료의 보조 및 대체요법으로서 겨우살이 추출물은 주로 유럽지역에서 이십세기 초부터 널리 사용되었고 현재 국내에서도 항암 대체 치료제로 점차 사용하는 추세이나 그 항암 기전은 아직 명확하게 밝혀져 있지 않다. 본 연구는 겨우살이 추출물이 위암에 미치는 영향을 세포주 실험을 통해 규명하였다. 대상 및 방법: 위암 세포주는 SNU-719 세포주를 사용하였고 처리한 겨우살이 추출물은 (주)한국 아브노바사로부터 제공받은 ABNOBAviscum-Q와 ABNOBAviscum-F 두 가지를 사용하였다. 겨우살이 추출물과 함께 처리한 항암제는 5-FU와 Cisplatin을 사용하였다. CCK-8 assay kit를 사용하여 세포 생존율을 측정하였고 젖산탈수소효소(LDH) assay kit로써 세포 사멸률을 측정하였다. Caspase 3 assay kit를 이용하여 세포자멸사에 관여하는 caspase 3의 활성 변화를 알아보았고 Western blot analysis를 통해 세포자멸사에 관여하는 Bcl2와 p53, 그리고 항암 작용을 하는 PTEN의 단백질 발현량을 측정하였다. 결과: 겨우살이 추출물 Q와 F를 각각 단독 처리한 실험군 보다 항암제인 5-FU와 cisplatin을 병합처리 하였을 때 세포생존율은 더 낮아졌다. Caspase 3의 활성은 겨우살이 추출물 및 항암제 5-FU 처리를 함으로써 대조군에 비해 4~6배 까지 증가하였다. Bcl2의 단백질 발현량은 대조군보다 겨우살이 추출물과 항암제 처리를 통해 감소하였고 두 약물을 함께 처리하였을 경우 더 낮아졌다. p53의 발현은 겨우살이 추출물 처리에는 영향을 받지 않았고 항암제 처리를 통해서만 증가되었다. 또한 항암 작용을 하는 PTEN의 단백질 발현 정도는 겨우살이 추출물 처리를 통해서 의미 있는 변화가 없었다. 결론: 겨우살이 추출물과 항암제인 5-FU 및 cisplatin 등을 병합 처리 할 경우 위암 세포 사멸에 있어 상승효과를 보였다. 본 연구결과에서 겨우살이 추출물의 항암효과는 caspase 3의 활성화와 Bcl2 발현의 감소를 통해 세포자멸사를 유발하며 이 세포자멸사 유도 기전은 p53과는 상관없음(p53-independent)을 알 수 있었다. Purpose: Mistletoe extract was widely used for cancer treatment as complementary or alternative therapy in European area from early twenty century. It is currently used as alternative anti-cancer remedy by piecemeal in domestic medical group, however, the anti-cancer mechanism of mistletoe extract was not known precisely until now. In this study the effect of mistletoe extract on gastric cancer was studied vis cell line experiments. Materials and Methods: The SNU719 gastric cancer cell line was used, and ABNOBAviscum-Q and ABNOBAviscum-F were treated to cells as mistletoe extract, or 5-FU and cisplatin were used with mistletoe extract. The cell viability and cell death rate were estimated by CCK-8 assay kit and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit in each. Caspase 3 assay kit was used to measure caspase 3 activity. The protein expression amounts of Bcl2, p53, and PTEN were estimated through Western blot analysis. Results: The co-treatments of mistletoe extract Q/F and 5-FU/cisplatin decreased lesser cell viability than only mistletoe treat. Caspase 3 activity was increased 4~6 times in co-treatment of mistletoe extracts and 5-FU than control. Bcl2 protein expression was reduced by mistletoe extracts or anti-cancer drugs, further more, the co-treatment of mistletoe extracts and 5-FU/cisplatin diminished more the expression than only mistletoe treatment. Mistletoe extracts did not affect the protein expressions of p53 and PTEN. Conclusion: It was concluded that the anti-cancer mechanism of mistletoe extracts was made by caspase 3 activation and lowered Bcl2 expression, and this apoptosis inducing mechanism was independent to p53.

Stimulation of Alpha-1-Adrenergic Receptor Ameliorates Obesity-Induced Cataracts by Activating Glycolysis and Inhibiting Cataract-Inducing Factors

이용직,장유나,김현민,한윤미,서홍석,엄영섭,송종석,정지훈,정태우 대한내분비학회 2022 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.37 No.2

Background: Obesity, the prevalence of which is increasing due to the lack of exercise and increased consumption of Westernizeddiets, induces various complications, including ophthalmic diseases. For example, obesity is involved in the onset of cataracts. Methods: To clarify the effects and mechanisms of midodrine, an α1-adrenergic receptor agonist, in cataracts induced by obesity, weconducted various analytic experiments in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, a rat model of obesity. Results: Midodrine prevented cataract occurrence and improved lens clearance in OLETF rats. In the lenses of OLETF rats treatedwith midodrine, we observed lower levels of aldose reductase, tumor necrosis factor-α, and sorbitol, but higher levels of hexokinase,5’-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-alpha, adenosine 5´-triphosphate, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptordelta, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Conclusion: The ameliorating effects of midodrine on cataracts in the OLETF obesity rat model are exerted via the following threemechanisms: direct inhibition of the biosynthesis of sorbitol, which causes cataracts; reduction of reactive oxygen species and inflammation; and (3) stimulation of normal aerobic glycolysis.