존 러스킨의 『포르스 클라비제라』(Fors Clavigera)속 후기 빅토리아의 사회적 풍경

이민경 ( Lee Min-kyoung ) 영국사학회 2024 영국연구 Vol.52 No.-

Fors Clavigera employs a diverse array of rhetorical strategies that reflect the social values of late Victorian society, which are either endorsed or criticized by John Ruskin. Thus this essay aims to critically examine how Ruskin interprets the influence of socio-cultural variables of his time, alongside the broader challenges posed by industrial capitalism, and how late Victorian society is reflected in the work. By situating Ruskin’s perceptions within their historical context, it seeks to expand the interpretive horizons of Fors Clavigera, providing a more historically grounded understanding of its themes. Above all, it explores Ruskin's critical awareness of economic inequality, the adverse effects of industrial society, and the erosion of social ethics and moral values, aiming to uncover the fundamental values of human life that future society should strive to uphold.

‘키위(Kiwi)’로 가는 길목의 ‘카키(Khaki)’ 열풍 -남아프리카 전쟁과 뉴질랜드의 분리와 통합-

이민경 ( Lee¸ Min-kyoung ) 한국서양사학회 2020 서양사론 Vol.0 No.147

This study examines the meaning of the South African War by analyzing the response of the British colony - New Zealand to the South African War from the perspective of a “participating nation.” In particular, this paper proposes to think of the concepts of “New Zealand and New Zealanders” by observing the internal social response to the war, noting that New Zealand, which sent a high percentage of volunteers among the British Colonies with high public support. First of all, this study investigates various aspects of the social consensus of New Zealand in the disputes and movements of the society regarding the recruitment of troops for the war. It also analyzes the responses to the troop dispatch to identify the racial and ethnic feelings that were divided in the society. In addition, it looks over what New Zealand’s enthusiasm for the war means to build national identity, especially in the frame of “integration” and “separation”; how the militaristic and patriotic moves that prevailed in New Zealand society during the South African War can be interpreted? Focusing on these issues, this article views the South African war as an important experience in the rise of the national perception of “nation” and “nationalism.” And it finds that the debates and activities related to supporting troops and war supports lay the foundation for an integrated consciousness that does not distinguish between racial and ethnic expressions, a sub-set of identity. (Catholic Kwandong University / minklee@cku.ac.kr)

식민지 이주 정착민과 영제국

이민경(Min-Kyoung LEE) 이주사학회 2015 Homo Migrans Vol.12 No.-

본고는 영국 자치령 오스트레일리아의 형성과 영국인 이주민들의 정착과정을 살펴보면서 정착민들의 삶과 의식의 변화를 통해 20세 초 ‘백호주의’와 같은 인종주의적 정책의 근간이 무엇이었는가를 고찰해 보고 있다. 초기 식민지 시기 오스트레일리아에서는 영국인 이주민들과 내부의 타자들인 원주민과의 투쟁뿐만 아니라 이주 정착민들 사이에서도 죄수들이나 유형이 끝난 정착민들, 그리고 이들의 후손들과 식민지 기득권층이 출신으로 인한 분리의식으로 대립 현상을 이루고 있었다. 하지만, 19세기를 걸친 오스트레일리아의 발전 과정에서 외부의 타자들, 즉, 타인종 출신의 유입 이민자들이 증가하자, ‘영국인종’, ‘영국문화의 수호’ 더 나아가 ‘백인인종의 보존과 보호’라는 명목아래 자신들을 통합하는 의식을 형성하게 되었다. 이는 타자들에 대한 배타적 반응 양상을 가져오게 되었고, 결국 20세기 오스트레일리아의 독립 국가 형성의 과정 속에서 타인종의 유입 이민 제한 및 차별 정책의 기반이 되었다는 것을 관찰하게 한다. 그러므로 본고는 이주민들의 유입과 유출이 빈번한 글로벌 현대 시대에 타자들을 수용하고 포함시키는 ‘우리’를 생각해 보아야 함을 제안하고 있다. This paper examines the formation of the Commonwealth Australia and the settlement process of the British focusing on the question of what brought the racist policies of Australia such as ‘White Australia Policy.’ In the beginning of the Colonial period, there was not only a struggle between the English and the Aborigins, but also a sense of separation between Emancipists, their descendants, (or colonial settlers of convicts) and the free settlers. Especially, the establishment at the continent of the period were in conflict with Emancipists. However, through the developmental process of Australia during the 19th century, the increasing number of immigrants - namely ‘others,’ made unite British immigrants themselves with the concepts of ‘British nation’ and ‘defender of the British culture,’ by extension, ‘the conservation and protection of Whites Caucasian’. And this type of idea brought their taking an unfriendly and exclusive response to the others. It finally makes us observe that this kind of practice would form the ground base for the discrimination, as well as the restriction of immigration of the different races in the national development of independent Australia during the 20th century. Therefore, this study suggests us take the broad concept of “We” which includes and accepts others in an era of globalization when emigrants and immigrants are frequent, even here in Korea.

19세기 영국에 온 `1848` 프랑스혁명 -낭만주의적 Drama giocoso?-

이민경 ( Lee Min-kyoung ) 한국서양사학회 2016 서양사론 Vol.0 No.131

This study explores the meaning of `1848` through the British reactions that appeared on the public sphere, when the Victorian society entered the glorious 19th century. It examines how the Victorian thought `1848` when they faced with it and what kind of influence was left behind. First, this article gives an analysis that `1848` was understood by the British as an episode occurred in the process of historical development rather than as a political turning point of history. It also illustrates that `1848` was recognized as a lesson for the British bourgeois to think over what the revolution had produced. As soon as they realized the revolution followed in the footsteps of `1789,` the emphasis was rather placed on the social stability and solidity of the British Society. Moreover, the French revolution of 1789, interpreted by E. Burke as a high drama, had a strong impact on the perception of `1848,` which was recognized as a theatric work of a tragic comedy as well as a cheap capitalistic product. This view reinforced the difference between `Britishness` and `Frenchness.` Also, the Burkian conservative reaction to the revolution of 1789 had been passed down to affect reactions to the revolution of 1848, and the attitudes still existed in the 20th century. This study therefore finds the strengthened British self-esteem based on the virtues of `obedience, harmony, solidarity, and order.` And it confirms that it is the national pride based on making their own history pursuing `progress` and `reform` while being respectful of `honour` and `stability` unlike the French tradition embracing `overturn` and `inversion` by the revolution.

빅토리아 시대 이민을 통한 아동구원 증후군의 기원

이민경 ( Min-kyoung Lee ) 한국서양사학회 2016 서양사론 Vol.0 No.129

This study tries to examine how child emigration was expanded and maintained up until the first half of the 20th century. The social thinking about destitute children and the method of rescuing them since the passage of the Elizabethan Poor Law brought about various philanthropic activities to relieve the poor by means of emigration. The ‘transportation’ of child offenders and the early phase of child emigration were related to the poor relief activities in this period. This fact implicates how the main ideas of Victorian ‘self-support’ and the ‘self-reliant’ through ‘labor’ were conveyed to ‘child emigration’. Child emigration was designed to solve the exacerbated child poverty in the Victorian period. Child poverty was caused by widespread poverty resulting from rapid urbanization. This study allows us to trace the change in the concept of pauper children who were considered as socially unworthy beings to that of children having imperialistic values and incomplete but wide potential. Therefore, the activity of rescuing pauper children through emigration in this period tells us that it relieves the distressed and at the same time contributes to the British empire. (History Department of Sogang University / minklee@sogang.ac.kr)

2 역사적 음악연구 : 아르스 노바의 사냥과 카치아

이민경 ( Min-Kyoung Lee ) 서울대학교 음악이론연구 2002 음악이론연구 Vol.7 No.-

문화재정보에 게시된 역사적·학술적·건축적 가치의 내용적 의미

이민경(Lee Min-Kyoung),김태영(Kim Tai-Young) 대한건축학회 2008 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.24 No.5

The designated criteria are primarily classified with the historic, academic and architectural value in modern cultural heritage. This paper is aimed to study the significance of topic sentence published on heritage information from the view point of the historic, academic and architectural value, focused on modern house as registered cultural properties. These have a specific significance as follows; the historic values are mainly referred to persons, composed with the periodica l·regional characteristics, and the historical accidents & places. The academic values are mainly referred to the data of modern house as cultural asset, and have a meaning for life history. The architectural values are expressed with languages such as architectural history and characteristics, composed with the new dwelling type, the transformation of korean traditional house, and the integration between technology and craftmanship in detail.

Inoculation Effect of Methylobacterium suomienseon Growth of Red Pepper under Different Levels of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers

Min-Kyoung Lee(이민경),Gil-Seung Lee(이길승),Woo-Jong Yim(임우종),In-Soo Hong(홍인수),Pitchai Palaniappan,Md. Ashaduzzaman Siddikee,Hari P. Deka Boruah,Munusamy Madhaiyan,Ki-Sup Ahn(안기섭),Tongmin Sa(사동민) 한국토양비료학회 2009 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.42 No.4

화학비료와 유기질비료를 시비 수준 및 Methylobacterium suomiense CBMB120의 접종이 고추 생육에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위하여 유기질비료와 화학비료의 시비량을 권장시용수준의 100%, 75% 및 50%로 처리하고 Methylobacterium suomiense CBMB120을 접종 한 후 정식 후 19, 36, 및 166일에 작물의 높이를 측정하였으며 이식 후 166일에 건물량 측정하였다. 균주를 접종한 처리구의 식물체 높이는 정식 후 19, 36일에 각각 14.17%, 10.03% 증가하였다. 건물 중 역시 10.30%, 6.84% 증가하여 유의성 있는 차이를 나타내었다. 또한 균주 접종은 유기질 비료 100% 시용구는 36일 후 고도의 유의성(p<0.01)을 갖는 차이를 보였으며 화학 비료 100% 시용구는 19일 후 고도의 유의성(p<0.01)을 갖는 차이를 나타내었다. 화학비료 100% 시용구에 균주를 접종하지 않은 처리 구와 화학비료 75% 시용구에 균주를 접종한 처리구의 생육을 분석한 결과 유의성 있는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 향후 다양한 처리량 및 처리방법의 연구를 통하여 Methylobacterium suomiense CBMB120 균주의 접종이 화학비료를 일정 부분 감비 할 수 있다는 가능성을 시사한다. Use of plant growth promoting symbiotic and non-symbiotic free-living beneficial bacteria as external source of nitrogen is a major research concern for sustainable crop production in the 21st century. In view of this, an experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to determine the effects of inoculation with Methylobacterium suomiense CBMB120, a plant growth promoting (PGP) root and shoot colonizer on red pepper, for the purpose of reducing external chemical nitrogen fertilization. Amendments with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in the form of NPK were made at dosages of 50%, 75% and 100%, at 425 and 115 kg/ha-1 measurements. The soil type used was loam, with a pH of 5.13. The growth responses were measured as plant height at 19, 36 and 166 days after transplantation and final biomass production after 166 days. It was found that inoculation with M. suomiense CBMB120 promotes plant height increase during the active growth phase at 19 and 36 days by 14.17% and 10.03%, respectively. Thereafter, the bacteria inoculated plantlets showed canopy size increment. A highly significant inoculation effect on plant height at p<0.01 level was found for 100% level of organic matter and chemical amendment in red pepper plantlets after 36 days and 19 days from transplantation. Furthermore, there was a significantly higher (10.30% and 6.84%) dry biomass accumulation in M. suomiense CBMB120 inoculated plants compared to un-inoculated ones. A 25% reduction in the application of chemical nitrogen can be inferred with inoculation of M. suomiense CBMB120 at with comparable results to that of 100% chemical fertilization alone. Enumeration of total bacteria in rhizosphere soil confirms that the introduced bacteria can multiply along ther hizosphere soil. Large scale field study may lead to the development of M. suomiense CBMB120 as an efficient biofertilizer.

DO미터를 활용한 초등학생 탐구중심 환경교육 프로그램 개발

이민경(Min Kyoung Lee),이두곤(Du Gon Lee) 한국환경교육학회 2011 환경교육 Vol.24 No.4

The purpose of this study was to develope an Inquiry-Based Environmental Education Program for Elementary School Students by Using DO meter based on the theory of the inquiry-based environmental education. The developed program consisted of 5 constituents of Environmental Studies for the Environmental Education (ESEE) and was applied to the 6th grade students of elementary school. The inquiry activities have been conducted around Gigyechon stream in Pohang city where the school was located. The evaluation form to evaluate the environmental education programs in the perspective of the Inquiry-Based Environmental Education was developed and used to evaluate after applying the developed programs. As a result, it was known that the developed programs have been well constructed and this program would help fostering the environmental understanding of the world. And also the inquiry-based environmental education was suitable for the environmental education targeting the elementary school students. This study has a significance in the perspective that the concept and the theory of inquiry-based environmental education has been realized into the program suitable for the elementary school students and that the new direction of the environmental education for the elementary school has been suggested. In addition, the developed evaluation form to assess the effectiveness of the program is expected to be helpful for the future studies related to development of the inquiry-based environmental education programs.

커피생콩 추출물에 의한 안면부 통증조절 효과

이민경(Min-Kyung Lee),김희진(Hee-Jin Kim),박민경(Min-Kyoung Park) 한국구강보건과학회 2018 한국구강보건과학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Green coffee bean (GCB) is a raw coffee bean that has not yet been roasted. Green coffee bean is the unroasted or immature robust coffee bean. It is mostly composed of Chlorogenic Acids (CGA), caffeine, trigonelline, and the diterpenes cafestol and kahweol. Chlorogenic Acids (CGA) have the anti-cancer effect of restraining free oxygen radicals. Even though experiments using Green Coffee Bean Exract (GCBE) have been done in various fields, experiments with regard to orofacial pain have been few. The aim of this study is to investigate whether administration of GCBE may be beneficial in pain modulation in inflammatory orofacial pain. We investigated by using GCBE in the development and modulation of orofacial pain in rats. Male, 7- to 8-week-old, Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 240-280g were used in this study. Experiments were carried out using a subcutaneous (SC) pain model caused by the injection of 5% formalin into the right vibrissa pad (SC, 50 μl). The amount of scratching or rubbing to the injection site was recorded for 9 consecutive 5-minute intervals following in-jection of formalin. The experimental subjects were separated into 5 groups (n=4); Naive, for-malin(5%), formalin after distilled water (vehicle), formalin after GCBE (p.o.,concentrations of 30,60mg/mL). The number of behavioral reactions of scratching the facial region proximal to the injection site was recorded for 9 consecutive 5-minute intervals following injection of the formalin. As a result, we found that oral administration of GCBE (p.o., concentrations of 30, 60 mg/mL) has an effect of relieving the formalin-induced orofacial pain. In particular, high con-centrations (60 mg/mL) of GCBE substantially decrease the nociceptive behavior. These results mean that GCBE may affect the occurrence of orofacial pain and modulation. Therefore, Green coffee bean extract may be a potential therapeutic treatment for orofacial pain.