퇴계학파는 퇴계의 성리학을 어떻게 이해하고 계승했는가?

이동희(Lee Dong-Hee) 대한철학회 2004 哲學硏究 Vol.89 No.-

퇴계 이후 후계자들, 즉 영남학파에서는 스승의 설을 당연한 것으로 생각하여 더 이상 부연하지 않고 있다가 약 100여년 뒤 기호학파에서 퇴계설을 비판하자 갈암 이현일이 이에 대해 비로소 학파의식을 가지고 율곡설을 비판하기 시작하였다. 갈암은 율곡의 존재론적 리기설에서 그가 기의 속성으로서 '자체 운동성이 있다[機自爾(기자이)]'라고 한 것에 초점을 맞추어 그렇게 되면 우주의 생성과 변화에 리의 역할이 없다고 비판하였다. 그러나 이것은 주자 리기론에 대한 율곡의 형이상학적 해석을 잘못 이해한 결과로서 정당한 비판이 아니다. 한편 갈암은 퇴계의 리기호발설을 옹호하면서 '理氣互發(리기호발)'의 '理發(리발)'은 마음의 리의 발현이라 해석하고, 율곡의 도덕론에 대해서는 '四七配屬說(사칠배속설)'과 '人心道心說(인심도심설)'의 모순을 지적해 내었다. 갈암의 이러한 도덕론적 주장은 정당한 바가 있다. 그러나 갈암이 퇴계의 존재론에서의 '理動說(리동설)'(太極生兩儀說(태극생양의설)에 대한 해석)의 부적절한 표현이나 퇴계 도덕론에서의 입론상의 실수에 대해서는 언급하지 않았는데, 이것을 보면 그의 율곡설 비판이 옳은 것도 있지만, 당파의식에서 나온 것임을 알 수 있고, 퇴계설 옹호를 위해 부연 설명하는 과정에서 영남학파의 사상 확립에 큰 영향을 미쳤다. The successors of Toegye, i.e. the School of Youngnam, took his theory for granted and so did not consider it. But about 100 years later when the School of Giho began to criticize it, Lee Hyeon-Il(葛庵 李玄逸) responded to it by means of criticizing the theory of Yulgok. Lee focuses on and criticizes the ontological theory of li and ki by Yulgok in which he says that ki has the property of "moving itself." He claims that if that were the case there would be no role that can be attributed to li in the generation and change of the universe. However, this is not an appropriate criticism and results from the misunderstanding of Yulgok’s metaphysical interpretation of Chu Hsi’s theory of li and ki. At any rate, Lee supports Toegye’s theory of co-arousal of li and ki理氣互發說, and interprets the arousal of li理發 in the theory as referring to the arousal of li in the mind. At the same time, he points out the contradiction implied in the theory of sachilbaesok四七配屬 and that of insimdosim人心道心 in Yulgok’s moral philosophy. This criticism is right to a certain extent. However, he does not mention the wrong description made by Toegye concerning the theory of lidong理動 and his mistakes in the course of establishing the theory. This shows that Lee’s criticism derives mainly from his partisan feeling, not from the objective perspective. Nevertheless, his explanation of Toegye’s theory largely affects the future establishment of the School of Youngnam.

주야 관측경용 빔 분리프리즘을 위한 1× Optical Path Relay Adapter 설계

이동희,최규정,정인,박승환,Lee, Dong-Hee,Choi, Gyu-Jung,Jung, In,Park, Seung-Hwan 한국안광학회 2012 한국안광학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Purpose: This paper is about development and design of the 1x optical path relay adapter for the beam splitting prism by us the day & night scope. Methods: To product the day & night scope by using the beam splitting prism and the commercial zoom optical system with the C-mount lens barrel structure, the optical path relay adapter, which doesn't change the image size of the zoom optical system and can stretch the position of the image-forming surface, is needed. We could design the 1x optical path relay adapter by using the CodeV program in which the Lens Module mode is offered. Results: We could design the optical path relay adapter used in the day&night scope with the beam splitting prism, of which characteristics have the EFL of -56.0 mm, the magnification of +1.0x, the distance from the 1st lens surface to the last lens surface of about 20.4 mm. The resolution of this system is characterized by 30 lp/mm at 40% MTF. This is enough to accommodate the designed optical path relay adapter can overcome the resolution of the 3rd generation of image intesifier tubes. Conclusions: By designing and applying the optical path relay adapter of which optical characteristics have the EFL of -56.0 mm, the magnification of +1.0x, the distance from the 1st lens surface to the last lens surface of about 20.4 mm, and the resolution of 30 lp/mm at 40% MTF, we could develop the new type day&night scope consisting of the beam splitting, the commercial zoom optical system with the C-mount lens barrel structure, and the 3rd generation of image intesifier tubes.

Active biotelemetry를 이용한 젖소의 보정 스트레스 반응 측정

이동희,이병한,임좌진,김진영,박희명,정병현,Lee, Dong-Hee,Lee, Byeong-Han,Lim, Joa-Jin,Kim, Jin-Young,Park, Hee-Myung,Chung, Byung-Hyun 대한수의학회 2002 대한수의학회지 Vol.42 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the influences of the rope and the tipping chute restraints on body temperature (BT) and heart rate (HR) as acute response for stress caused by restraining for diagnasis and treatment in cattle. Both parameters were recorded by active biotelemetry. In addition cortisol concentration in blood was analyzed as a indicator for stress response. Twelve cattle were divided into two groups based on hydraulic power, the rope restraint group and the tipping chute restraint group. BT and HR were measured at -30 (base), 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes, including restraint period from 0 to 30 minutes during the experiment. The results obtained in this study was summarized as follows: 1. BT of the rope restraint group was increased ($39.8{\pm}0.3^{\circ}C$) until 20 min after restraint stress for 30 min, and then maintained with high values to the end of experiment. In the tipping chute restraint group, the BT was increased ($39.6{\pm}0.3^{\circ}C$) until the end of the restraint period, but then showed decrese until the end of experiment. 2. HR of both groups was maximized at the beginning of the restraint stress (P<0.05), and then it was decreased gradually but in the tipping chute restraint group showed increase again at the end of the reatraint stress (P<0.05). 3. The cortisol level of the rope restraint group was increased significantly ($9.72{\pm}5.09{\mu}g/d{\ell}$) until 30 min after the end of the restraint stress (P<0.05) and then decreased, but in the tipping chute restraint group showed great increase ($4.68{\pm}1.56{\mu}g/d{\ell}$) at the end of the restraint stress (P<0.05) and then decreased while the tipping chute restraint group was significantly lower than the rope restraint group 30 min after the restraint stress (P<0.05). In conclusion, this study suggests that the tipping chute restraint produces less response to physical stress than the rope restraint but the time for diagnasis and treatment should be shortened when using the tipping chute restraint.

연소실 및 추진제 변화에 따른 고체로켓 모터의 L^* 불안정에 관한 연구

이동희,류승현,주성민,김준성,문희장,성홍계,양준서,Lee, Donghee,Ryu, Seunghyun,Joo, Seongmin,Kim, Junseong,Moon, Heejang,Sung, Honggye,Yang, Juneseo 한국항공운항학회 2015 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.23 No.4

In this paper, a theoretical study of low frequency non acoustic instability, the $L^*$ instability, of a solid rocket motor is investigated. The $L^*$ stability criterion is determined by analysing the $L^*$ stability curves of two very distinct propellants for five different geometrical combustors. The $L^*$ instability of two extreme fuels showed totally different behavior in terms of operating pressure of the combustor. A parametric study on the stability for different chamber volume and different throat area keeping constant $L^*$ is conducted and analyzed. It was found that one of the main parameters, the non-dimensional critical characteristic time, requires an enough margin from the critical $L^*$ stability curve.

붓스트랩을 활용한 최적 절사공간중위수 추정량

이동희,정병철,Lee, Dong-Hee,Jung, Byoung-Cheol 한국통계학회 2010 응용통계연구 Vol.23 No.2

In this study, we propose a robust estimator of the multivariate location parameter by means of the spatial median based on data trimming which extending trimmed mean in the univariate setup. The trimming quantity of this estimator is determined by the bootstrap method, and its covariance matrix is estimated by using the double bootstrap method. This extends the work of Jhun et al. (1993) to the multivariate case. Monte Carlo study shows that the proposed trimmed spatial median estimator yields better efficiency than a spatial median, while its covariance matrix based on double bootstrap overcomes the under-estimating problem occurred on single bootstrap method.

주조품 Black Oxide 공정의 품질개선에 관한 연구

이동희,이경근,윤원영 ( Dong Hee Lee,Kyung Keun Lee,Won Young Yun ) 한국품질경영학회 1996 품질경영학회지 Vol.24 No.1

교육경쟁과 대학

이동희,Lee, Dong-Hui 한국대학교육협의회 1985 大學敎育 Vol.15 No.-

에세이 - 쇠고기 이력제 - 소비자 체험단의 관심이 1박 2일을 뜨겁게 달구다 -

이동희,Lee, Dong-Hui 축산물품질평가원 2009 KAPE누리 Vol.156 No.-

2× 배율 도트사이트 장치의 개발

이동희,박승환,Lee, Dong-Hee,Park, Seung-Hwan 한국안광학회 2012 한국안광학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study is developing the dot sight with a $2{\times}$ magnification. Methods: To magnify the target when we see the far through the non-magnified dot sight, we develop the new optical device which is detachable to the non-magnified dot sight. A new optical device is designed to facilitate the transition of an existing non-magnification ($1{\times}$) dot sight to the $2{\times}$ magnification dot sight. Results: We could design and fabricate the $2{\times}$ afocal optical system which is detachable to the non-magnified dot sight and be composed by a pair of doublet. When the system developed in this study was used, we could aim the external target by twice magnification, so we could further improve the accuracy of aim. Conclusions: We could design and manufacture the $2{\times}$ afocal optical system which can be detachable to the non-magnified dot sight. With the results, we could aim the external target by twice magnification, so we could further improve the accuracy of aim.

산양산삼 증류약침의 혈맥주입 후 나타나는 혈장의 Proteom 분석

이동희,귄기록,Lee, Dong-Hee,Kwon, Ki-Rok 대한약침학회 2006 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.9 No.2

Objectives : To observe the changes in the serum proteins after intravenous injection of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture. Methods : Blood was collected before and after the administration of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture and only the serum was taken. Then differences in the spots on the scanned image after carrying out 2-Dimensional electrophoresis were located and conducted mass analysis and protein identification. Results : Following results were obtained from the comparative analysis of serum proteins before and after the administration of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture. 1. 28 spots were identified before and after the administration. 2. In confirming manifestation degree, spots with more than two-times increase were 204, 1302, 2205, 3105, 7104, 8006, spots with more than one-time increase were 1101, 1505, 2013, 2403, 3009, 3010, 4002, 4009, 6704, 8101, and spots with decrease were 205, 801, 803, 3205, 5202, 6105, 6106, 7103, 9001, 9003. 3. After conducting protein identification, proteins 205, 804, 1302, 4009, 6105, 6106 are unidentified yet, and 1l01 is unnamed protein. Protein 204 is identified as complement receptor CR2-C3d, 801 as YAPl protein, 803 as antitrypsin polymer, 1505 as PRO0684, 2013 and 3010 as proapolipoprotein, 2205 as USP48, 2403 as vitamin D binding protein, 3009 as complement component 4A preprotein, 3105 as immunoglobulin lambda chain, 3205 as transthyretin, 4002 as Ras-related protein Ral-A, 4204 as beta actin, 5202 and 7104 as apolipoprotein Ll, 6704 as alpha 2 macroglobulin precursor, 7103 as complement component 3 precursor, 8006 as testis-specific protein Y, 8101 as transferrin, 9001 as (Alpha-Oxy, Beta-(Cl12g)deoxy) T-State Human Hemoglobin, and 9003 as human hemoglobin. 4. Immune protein CR2-C3d(204), which acts against microbes and pathogenic organisms, was increased by more than two-times after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 5. Antitrypsin(803), which is secreted with inflammatory response in the lungs, was reduced after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 6. Proapolipoprotein(2013, 3010) and apolipoprotein(7104), key components of the HDL-cholesterol which plays an important role in preventing arteriosclerosis, were increased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 7. Vitamin D binding protein(DBP, 2403), protecting the lung at the time of inflammatory response, was increased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 8. Transthyretin(TTR, 3205), which is the main protein causing familial amyloid polyneuropathy(FAP), was decreased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 9. Ras-related protein Ral-A(4002) that controls phospholipid metabolism, cytoskeletal formation, and membrane traffic, was increased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 10. Testis-specific protein Y(8006), which takes part in determination of the gender, was increased by more than two-times after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 11. Transferrin(8101), which balances the iron level in the body, was increased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. Conclusion : Above results support the notion that intravenous injection of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture induce changes in serum proteins and this research can be a pioneer work in finding biomarkers.