선천성 무섬유소원혈증 1례

이동구,최경훈,강신혜,양창현,김길영,송경순 大韓血液學會 1989 大韓血液學會誌 Vol.24 No.1

韓國人 胃癌患者의 地域別分布와 形態的 差異

李東久 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1979 慶北醫大誌 Vol.20 No.2

1975年에서 1977年의 3年間 全國 34個綜合病院에서 臨床的 및 病理組織學的으로 胃癌의 診斷을 받은 8,455名을 對象으로 年度別, 性別, 年齡群別分布와 아울러 市, 郡別로 地域分布를 調査하고, 高率 및 低率發生地域患者의 標本을 Lauren의 方法으로 分類하여 形態的 特徵을 比較檢索한 結果는 다음과 같다. 年度別로는 '75年 2,429例, '76年 2,755例, '77年 3,282例로 年次的으로 13%, 19%의 增加를 보였다. 總 8,466例中 男子가 5,383例(63.6%), 女子가 3,083(36.4%)로 男女比는 1.75 : 1 이었으며 平均發生年齡은 男子가 52.3才, 女子는 49.6才로 男子에서 약간 높은것 같았다. 年齡群別로는 50代가 34.1%로 가장 많았고 다음이 40代(27.2%), 60代(18.7%)의 順이었으며 30代 以下도 3.8%나 차지하였다. 市, 道別 分布에서는 全北이 標準人口當比較發生比 142.4로 가장 높았고, 다음이 慶北, 서울, 全北 順이었으며 濟州道가 42.6으로 가장 낮았다. 市, 郡別 分布에서는 中部內陸 및 中南部內陸地方에 高率發生地域이 密集하고 있었으며 海岸地方의 頻度는 極히 낮았다. 癌型別로는 高, 低率地域모두 腸型癌이 많았으나 高率地域에서 더 높은 分布頻度를 보였다. 腸化生의 同伴은 兩地域 모두 腸型癌이 많았으나 高率地域의 腸型癌에서 더 높았다. 以上의 成績과 같이 우리나라의 胃癌發生은 內陸地方에 偏在하느 傾向이 뚜렷하며 이는 體質的要素 보다는 環境因子의 影響이 더욱 크다는 것을 暗示하는 것으로서 어떤 因子인지에 對해서는 앞으로 더욱 追求해야 할 課題라고 生覺된다. (이 硏究를 遂行하는데 積極協助하여주신 大韓醫務記錄協會長 Daniel修女任을 爲始한 名病院 醫務記錄室長任들, 名大學 病理學敎室의 先生任들, 그리고 諮問하여 주신 鄭鍾學敎授任과 姜福秀仁兄께 感謝드립니다.) 장화 The present study was made to clarify geographical distribution of cases which were clinically and histopathologically diagnosed as gastric cancer in Korea, 1975-1977. Total cases investigated were 8,466 cases and analyzed by calendar year, sex and age groups. The author also studied morphologic variation of gastric cancer occurred in areas of higher and lower incidence rates according to geographical distribution. The gastric cancer was classified by Lauren's method, i, e intestinal type carcinoma and diffuse carcinoma. The results obtained are as follow; Of the 8,466 cases, 5,383 were the males and 3,083 were the females. The average cancer incidence in Koerans appeared to be higher in males than females as much as 1.75 to one. The average year of cancer incidence was 52.3 in males and 49.6 in females. The age structures showed the highest incidence in the group of 50-59. It was particular interest that 3.8% in the incidence less than 30 years of age was noted. The highest proportional incidence was noted in Jeon-bug province, and Gyeong-bug province, Seoul and Jeon-nam province were followed. The lowest incidence was Jeju province. The frequency was noted higher in inland of the central and mid-southern districts than the coastal areas in regional distribution. According to morphologic patterns, intestinal type carcinoma ws more common in both higher and lower incidence areas, and especially higher distribution of intestinal type carcinoma was noted in higher incidence area. Intestinal metaplasia was frequently occurred in both areas, but the metaplasia was more common in intestinal type carcinoma of higher incidence area. In regard to above results, it seems to be clear that the incidence of gastric cancer in Korea was prevailed in inland areas. Therefore, it is suggested that predisposing factor of gastric cancer in Korea was much concerned with environmental factors than those of constitution.

美國英語의 特徵硏究 : 特히 現行 高等學校 英語 敎科書에 미친 美國英語의 影響과 關聯하여 Especially with reference to the influences of American English exterted on English text-book now being used in high schools of Korea

李棟求 圓光大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.15 No.1

This thesis is an attempt to survey some characteristics of American English, some differences from British English and some influences exercised upon English text-books now being used in high schools of Korea. When English colonists who spoke Elizabethan English and minor immigrants who spoke their own languages began to settle in America, certain peculiar features occurred in America concerning spelling, pronunciation, vocabulary and syntactic structures, but today they are not enough to prevent communication between the two people, still having some differences. As far as spelling is concerned, first of all, words ending in-our in British English and their derivatives are spelt -or in American (behavior, savor, neighbor), American-er i.e., British-re (center, theater), American-g, -t, -m, i.e., British-gue, -tte, -mme (dialog, toilet, program). Besides these, American ending of words, for example, -se becomes -ce in British (defense, offense), American-ize becomes British-ise(civilise, civilize). It is clear that American spelling reform has the tendency of being approached to more phonetic, that is, it seems to maintain the correlation between spelling and pronunciation As to the pronunciation, there is no large differences between British PR and Northwestern part of America, but Southern dialects and General American have some peculiar features in the vowels and intonation. If compared the mid-west dialect of America with Bridish RP, it is noticed that British vowel /?/ becomes /a/ in American (God, top), a, i.e.,æ (ask, half, dance), difference in r-sound when followed by some vowels. These are marked differences between both American and British English. In accordance with physical, political, and cultural surroundings, some new vocabulary are added to American with variation. For example, in railway transportation, British railway becomes railroad in American, guard becomes conductor, driver-engineer, luggage-baggage, goods train-freight train respectively. It is also another peculiar feature that American borrowed some words from American-Indian, French, Spanish, Dutch and German, etc. (canyon, prairie). As for the syntactic structures, there are many features notified as follows: American has some variants in the past and past participle forms of the verb, and some chief American tendency is in the usages of prepositions and verb "have". They are itemizid as follows with American equivalents in parentheses. e. g.,I passed him in (on)the street. She was named after (for) her mother's friend. You cannot get away with (by) that excuse. I was given a from to fill in (out), In British English, it is often said that "Have you any children?", whoreas in American, "Do you have any children?" In British English, "I have no time to explain," but, in American, "I don't have time to explain." With respect to the influences of American English exercised upon English text-books now being used in the high schools of korea, the writer observed that though it gives some influences on text-books it is chiefly focused on spelling and vocabulary, syntactic features generally remained same as the British one. To sum up, the physical, political and social surroundings peculiar to America made American speech differ from that of British English in spelling, pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar in some degree so as to make the two types of English may best be called simply two varieties of the same language.

위기형종 1예 보고

이동구,이영하,추연만,황일우 대한소화기학회 1978 대한소화기학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Gastric teratomas are very rare and in contrast to those in other sites carry different clinical features and prognosis. Male preponderance, appearance in early age of life, abdominal distension and mass in the epigastrium with bony structure are helpful clues for diagnosis. Only 39 cases of gastric teratomas have been reported in the literature. Because of their rarity, we believe it of interest to report an additional case and to discuss the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of these tumors.

Hydrothermal liquefaction of Tetraselmis sp. MBEyh01L: Energy recovery optimization

이동구,류영진,신희용,양지현,이철균 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0

Hydrothermal liquefaction experiment was performed as follow. One gram of dried Tetraselmis sp. MBEyh01L and 4g of water reacted in a batch reactor at different temperatures (300, 325, and 350°C) and reaction times (5, 10 and 30 min). In order to find optimum conditions which maximize energy recovery and quality of biocrude, we analyze biocrude yield and element composition of feedstock and biocrude. At 350°C and 30 min, there was highest energy recovery (82%) with a high energy density of 37.9 MJ/kg. Also, in this reaction condition, biocrude has lower contents of nitrogen and oxygen. Results showed that reaction conditions of 350°C, 30 min was optimum for maximizing energy recovery.

大學生의 英語 學習 方法 考察 : 特히 個別 學習을 中心으로 forcused on indivdual study

李棟求 圓光大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.16 No.1

This paper is designed to survey the method of studying English for ordinary college students who are not in the Department of English Education and the Department of English Literature and Language. The writer has often been asked about how to study English in general, the choice of adequate books to study with, and how to master English grammar, composition and conversation. Some of the works wirtten by British and American novelists were recommended to read. As to studying English grammar and composition, however, some of the well-known materials and references were also recommended, but as far as English conversation is concerned, the writer encouraged students to contact with foreign professors or ordinary native speakers, if possible, rather than depending entirely upon some textbooks or tape record. The detailed description about how to study English is listed item by item through this paper for the students who eager to study English in case of individuals. Above anything else, the writer plaved emphasis on the steady and firm resolution to study on the siide of students. There will be, of course, various methods to study any foreign languages, but any methods wouldn't be workable unless students have perseverance and hard and firm determination to attain the goal of mastering English.

各種 胃疾患에 있어서 腸化生에 對한 硏究

李東久,閔炳佑 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1979 慶北醫大誌 Vol.20 No.1

名種 胃病患患者의 胃點膜에 나타나는 腸化生變化의 本質을 究明하고져 總 194例의 胃切劑標本을 對象으로 病患別 腸化生의 頻度, 出現部位, 年齡과의 關係 및 炎症과의 關係를 比較檢討하였던 바 그 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 腸化生의 出現은 胃癌이 95.5%, 胃潰瘍에서 98.4%, 十二指腸潰瘍에서 46.7% 그리고 胃茸腫에서 100%로 나타나 비교적 높은 同伴率을 나타내었다. 2. 腸化生의 胃點膜內 部位別分布는 病患에 相關없이 小彎幽門部 및 幽門部와 體部와의 사이에서 가장 흔하였으며 胃體部가 가장 낮았다. 3. 腸化生은 大體로 年齡이 增加함에 다라 그 頻度가 높아지는 傾向이었다. 4. 腸化生은 炎症細胞의 浸潤이 甚한 곳에서 頻發하고 있으나 直接的인 原因因子로 보기는 어려운 것 같다. 5. 組織學的으로 腸化生이 癌組織과 隣接해 있는 點은 胃癌의 誘發因子로서의 可能性을 提示해 주는 것같다. 6. 以上의 成績으로 보아 陽化生은 胃粘膜의 慢性刺戟에 依해 惹起되는 變化임이 明白한 것 같으며 胃癌의 誘發因子로서의 可能性은 더욱 硏究하여야 할 課題라고 生覺된다. The present study was performed to clarify the nature of intestiral metaplasia in mucosa of various gastric diseases. Authors observed the frequency and occurring region of intestinal metaplasia according to each gastric diseases. Also we observed the relationships between age and inflammation and intestinal metaplasia. The experiment was made to examine resected stomach of 194 cases. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The occureence of intestinal metaplasia was noted 95.5% in gastric cancer, 98.4% in gastric ulcer, 46.7% in duodenal ulcer and 100% in gastric polyp. 2. Regional distrubution of intestinal metaplasia in gastric mucosa was not related to gastric diseases. The metaplasia most often involved pyloric region of lesser curvature and the region between pylorus and gastric body. and lowest in gastric body. 3. The metaplasia generally seemed to increase the frequency according to aging. 4. The metaplasia was remarkable in the lesion of inflammatory cell infiltration. However, inflammatory cell infltration was not thought to make the role of direct etiologic factor developing intestinal metaplasia. 5. Histologially intestinal metaplasia was often located at the close site of cancer tissue. This phenomenon suggeted that the metaplasia was seemed to be a provocating factor of stomach cancer. 6. In regard to above results, it was clear that intestinal metaplasia was developed owing to chronic irritation of gastric mucosa. Further investigation has to be undertaken to clarify whether intestinal metaplasia is a provocating factor of stomach cancer.

文藝復興이 初期 現代英語 發達에 끼친 影響

李棟求 圓光大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.20 No.1

This thesis is designed to survey an influence exerted by Renaissance upon the development of Early Modern English. Renaissance is defined as its root meaning, "rebirth," "reawakening," or "the revival of learning." In this definition Renaissance is virtually the same as the revival of learning, the rebirth of awareness of the philosophy, science, literature and other arts of the ancients, especially the Greeks and Romans. In other words, Renaissance can be said the going back to the study of Greco-Roman civilization. According to the western history it started in ltaly in the 14th century and ended gradually in the 16th century so that it may be roughly estimated for about 200 years. It is the beginning of the modern history and the ends of middle age. At first it began in ltaly and gradually spread all over the Europe across the Alps, but in England, being separated from the European continent across the Dover strait, it was spread late. Roughy speaking, an influence exerted by Renaissance on the development of Early Modern English was the introduction of printing press by William Caxton, thus fixing the spelling which was flexible until that thime and rapid spreading of education owing to the publication a lot of books. Moreover, Renaissance in England brought the growth of vocabulary borrowed from Greek, Latin, French, and the vocabulary of many other countries because it traced back to the study of the ancient Greek and Roman civilization and many other sources of vocabulary with many reasons, that is, extensive travells by English people over the continent and explorers and sailors circulated the globe. Suffice it to say that Renaissance exerted an influence greatly upon the development of Early Modern English in many ways.

인공지능 기반 전력량예측 기법의 비교

이동구,선영규,김수현,심이삭,황유민,김진영 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2019 한국인터넷방송통신학회 논문지 Vol.19 No.4

최근 안정적인 전력수급과 급증하는 전력수요를 예측하는 수요예측 기술에 대한 관심과 실시간 전력측정을 가능하게 하는 스마트 미터기의 보급의 증대로 인해 수요예측 기법에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는실제 측정된 가정의 전력 사용량 데이터를 학습하여 예측결과를 출력하는 딥 러닝 예측모델 실험을 진행한다. 그리고본 연구에서는 데이터 전처리 기법으로써 이동평균법을 도입하였다. 실제로 측정된 데이터를 학습한 모델의 예측량과실제 전력 측정량을 비교한다. 이 예측량을 통해서 전력공급 예비율을 낮춰 사용되지 않고 낭비되는 예비전력을 줄일수 있는 가능성을 제시한다. 또한 본 논문에서는 같은 데이터, 같은 실험 파라미터를 토대로 세 종류의 기법: 다층퍼셉트론(Multi Layer Perceptron, MLP), 순환신경망(Recurrent Neural Network, RNN), Long Short Term Memory(LSTM)에 대해 실험을 진행하여 성능을 평가한다. 성능평가는 MSE(Mean Squared Error), MAE(Mean Absolute Error)의 기준으로 성능평가를 진행했다. Recently, demand forecasting techniques have been actively studied due to interest in stable power supply with surging power demand, and increase in spread of smart meters that enable real-time power measurement. In this study, we proceeded the deep learning prediction model experiments which learns actual measured power usage data of home and outputs the forecasting result. And we proceeded pre-processing with moving average method. The predicted value made by the model is evaluated with the actual measured data. Through this forecasting, it is possible to lower the power supply reserve ratio and reduce the waste of the unused power. In this paper, we conducted experiments on three types of networks: Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and we evaluate the results of each scheme. Evaluation is conducted with following method: MSE(Mean Squared Error) method and MAE(Mean Absolute Error).

英語造語에 對한 考察

李棟求 圓光大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.13 No.1

This paper is an attempt to survey the coinage of English words from period of Old English until today. As social, cultural and scientific development has been made rapidly, words are constantly changed and are also being created almost every day to meet the necessity of the people who speak them. When new ideas and various thing necessitated the expression, they can be satisfied by the two following processes; One is to borrow words from the foreign elements which has already and the same expressions as they are being pursued. Another is to device or coin new words through the materials which exist already or through a purely new creation. Processes of making new words can be summed up as follows: 1. A commoner device for word making-one that has flourished at even period of Old English-is compounding which made up of two or even more words to form a new entity. It is striking fact that almost any combinations of the parts of speech may be employed in this way, though some connections are far more common than these, some are unusual, and has not been favored equally in every period. Among the most common are:rail-road(noun plus noun), coal-black(noun plus adjective), black-berry(adjective plus noun), over-head(adverb plus noun), hand-pick(noun with verb), cry-baby(very with noun), short-cut(adjective with verb), over-throw(adverb with verb), hand-off(noun with adverb), evergreen(adverb with adjective) and so on. 2. Derivation which is very common process of forming new words. This is a very familiar method by which a prefix or suffix is added to an already existing word as kindness is made by adding the suffix ness to kind, or in distrust dis is prefixed to trust. 3. Back-Formation-the manufacturing of a word from a word which is mistakenly assumed to be a derivate of it, as in to burgle from burglar, the final ar of which suggest that the word is a noun of agency and hence ought to mean, one who burgles' has been the sources of a small number of new words. 4. There is another general species of word-creation that extends so far back into the earlier stage of language that it was formerly taken to be the only kind of primitive speech, and hence to explain the very origin of language. This group of words is made up of the 'Onomatopoetic' terms-words, that is to say, that "make their own names." If it were literally true that certain natural, human or animal noises make the names by which they are known language, one would be justified in calling this type of formation, in a very strict sense, pure creation. In point of fact, however, no word of any language ever exactly reproduced the sound which it imitated. Hence it seems more accurate to call this method of word making "echoism"(sir James Murray's term), rather than onomatopoeia, and to recognize that there is an element of conventional symbolism in the echoic words as a group like bang, fizz, gigle, etc. 5. Another process of word-making-one much vogue in today-is seen in the type of word called a "blends" or "pormanteau word." When a speaker happens to type of word called a "blends" or "portmanteau word." When a speaker happens to utter the first sound of one word are usually blended the last sound of another and when the two have the same element of sound in common like smong(smoke+fog), mote(motor+hotel), and blunch(breakfast+lunch), etc. 6. By far the most common process of word-formation by shortening is called "Abbreviation, Shortening or Clipped Word", by which much used in conversation and hurried speech are clipped of one or more of their syllables. Other abbreviated forms more commonly used than the longer ones include phone(=telephone), plane(=airplane), flu(=influenza) and auto(automobile). 7. Acronomys-the use of initial letter of the words in phrases, somettimes of syllables, as if these were words has long been common. They are largely employed in the name of organizations and in military terms. and they are pronounced as a series of letters as C.I.A.[si:ai:ei], sometimes pronounced as the 'word' they spelled as WHO[hu:], NIRA[naire] and other times an initial letter is read as just a letter and the rest as a word like AWOL[ei w:l], etc. 8. Words from names of persons as well as places which refer to particular person or place adds to the vocabulary. As far as the name of person is concerned, the best known example is probably sandwich(from the Fourth Earl of Sandwich 1718∼1792)who said to have spent twenty-four hours at the gambling table with no other refreshment than slices of meat between slices of bread. Mostly they have used as units of measurement, especially in electricty, the international character of such names is inplied in the fact that ohm was originally a german personal names is inplied inthe fact that ohm was originally a German personal names and watt, a Scottish namess who was a technician and an inventor of steam engine. An exactly parrellel transformation occurs also with the name of places which have become known for a particular quality for some kind of manufacture is being made at a particular place as cashmere which is a find, soft wollen cloth being wooven at Kashmir, in the North-Western Part of India. Limo usine which is a closed moter-car, seating from three or five passengers inside, with a driver's seat outside covered by the same roof, etc., which is manufactured at Limousine, a central partof France. Coinage of new words, however, ought not to be formed arbitarily or at random, but to be made in prudent and healthy method that they may last long and obtain a favor among people who employ the language, particularly the formation of words much be accorded with modern ages systematically or scientifically for the constant development and the preservation of the positioin of the English Language what it is today.