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뇌졸중 편마비 환자의 보행기능에 대한 시각 피드백을 이용한 로봇 보조 보행훈련의 효과 : 증례 연구
윤무홍,오덕원 한국신경근육물리치료학회(구 한국신경근육재활학회) 2019 한국신경근육재활학회지 Vol.9 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of robot-assisted gait training using visual feedback on gait function in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis. Subjects were three female patients who are suffering from hemiparesis after stroke. Outcome measure was a dynamic gait index (DGI) before and after the intervention. The robot-assisted walking training was conducted by three subjects before the intervention, and the robot-assisted walking training was conducted four times daily per week. Our finding showed that the DGI was improved after the intervention in comparison with that assessed before the intervention. Robot-assisted gait training using visual feedback was clinically beneficial to facilitate the recovery of gait function in chronic stroke patients. In this study, it is necessary to improve the gait function after intervention.
수용액에서 N-[(4,6-Disubstituted Pyrimidin-2-yl)Aminocarbonyl] Saccharin 유도체의 합성
윤무홍,이천수 啓明大學校 産業技術硏究所 1997 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.20 No.-
N-[(4,6-Disubstituted pyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin derivatives can be easily synthesized by treating the basic solution of alkyl or phenyl (2-methoxycarbonyl phenyl sulfonyl)carbamate is dissolved in excess potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, with the acidic solution of 2-amino-4,6-disubstituted pyrimidine ammonium chlorides. Their corresponding chemical structures are identified by IR, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR as follows: N-[(pyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin(5), N-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin(6),N-[(4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)amino-carbony]saccharin(7), N-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) aminocarbonyl]saccharin(8), N-[(4-ethoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl]aminocarbonyl]saccharin(9), N-[(4-i-propoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin(10), N-[(4-butoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]saccharin(11).
상이동 촉매에 의한 염화벤질과 티오시안산 칼륨의 치환 반응에 관한 반응속도론
장승현,윤무홍 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 1986 産業技術硏究 Vol.5 No.-
The catalytic effects of several phase transfer catalysts on the displacement reaction of benzyl chloride with aqueous potassium thiocyanate in a two phase system have been determined. The kinetics are linearly dependent on catalyst concentration. The examination of the relative rates with various catalysts showed the following trend: NH₄Cl<PhCH₂N(CH₃)₃Cl<18-Crown-6<PhCH₂N(C₂H_(5))₃Cl<P.E.G.<(n-Bu)₄NCl<CTMAB Kinetic analyses of the data suggest that rate determining step occurs in the interphase microemulsion comprisiting of the surfactant, the anion and the apolar solvents. Increased rate was also observed with more polar organic solvents.
Sulfometuron-Methyl와 그의 Analogs의 용이한 합성
이천수,윤무홍,윤석기 啓明大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.19 No.1
Sulfometuron-methyl(7) and it's analog can be easily prepared by treating basic solution of potassium salt of methyl (2-methoxycarbonylphenylsulfonyl)carbamate with acidic HCl solution of 2-amino-4,6-disubstituted pyrimidine in aqueous medium. Their corresponding chemical structures are identified by IR, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR as follows: N-[(Pyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-methoxycarbonylbenzenesulfonamide(6), N-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-methoxycarbonylbenzenesulfonamide(7), N-[(4-Methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-methoxycarbonylbenzenesulfonamide(8), and N-[(4,6-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]-2-methoxycarbonylbenzenesulfonamide(9).
Substituted Benzenesulfonyl Urea 유도체들의 합성에 관한 연구
박현이,윤무홍,이천수,김정배 啓明大學校 産業技術硏究所 1991 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.14 No.1
his study deals with the synthesis and properties of substituted benzenesulfonylurea derivatives. Substituted arylsulfonylamides were treated with butylisocyanate to give corresponding substituted benzenesulfonylurea derivatives. They were N-benzenesulfonyl-N'-n-butylurea(Ⅰ), N-(o-toluenesulfonyl)-N'-n-butylurea(Ⅱ), N-(p-toluenesulfonyl)-N'-n-butylurea(Ⅲ), N-(p-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl)-N'-n-butylurea(Ⅳ), N-(p-aminobenzenesulfonyl)-N'-n-butylurea(Ⅴ), N-(p-chlouobenzenesulfonyl)-N'-n-butylurea(Ⅵ), N-(2-methoxycarbonylphenylsulfonyl)-N'-n-butylurea(Ⅶ). The strutures of the substituted benzenesulfonylurea derivatives were identified by elemental analysis, FT-IR, H-NMR and C-NMR etc.
Alkylamine-Alkyl (4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamates Salts의 합성
Lee, Chun Soo,Yoon, Mu Hong 啓明大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.16 No.2
Alkylamine salts of alkyl (4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamates can be easily prepared by treating alkyl (4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamates with aqueous amines solution. Their corresponding chemical structures are identified by IR, ¹H-NMR, C-NMR and elemental analysis as followes: (1)Methylamine-methyl(4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamate salt.(2) Dimethylamine-methyl(4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamate salt. (3) Dimethylamine-ethyl (4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamate salt. (4) Ethylamine-methyl (4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamate salt. (5) Diethylamine-methyl (4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamate salt. (6) Isopropylamine-methyl (4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamate salt. (7)Butylamine-ethyl (4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamate salt. (8) Butylamine-methyl (4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) carbamate salt.
티오시안산 염에 의한 염화벤질의 치환반응에 미치는 상이동 촉매효과
장승현,윤무홍,김창수,정광보,심재후,Seung Hyun Chang,Mu Hong Yoon,Chang Su Kim,Kwang Bo Chung,Jae Hu Shim 대한화학회 1989 대한화학회지 Vol.33 No.6
액-액 불균일계에서 염화벤질의 KSCN에 의한 친핵치환반응에 미치는 상이동 촉매 효능을 검토하였다. 반응은 염화벤질의 농도에 의존하는 유사일차 반응이었고, 반응속도 상수$(k_{obsd})$는 촉매농도에 비례하였으며, 반응온도 및 용매 등에 영향을 받았다. 본 치환반응에 대한 상이동 촉매능의 순위는 $NH_4Cl$ < BTMAC < 18-crown-6 < BTEAC < PEG < TBAC < CTMAB 이었다. 반응의 활성화 엔탈피 및 엔트로피는 각각 15∼20 Kcal${\cdot}mo^{l-1}$, -12∼-29 eu.이었으며, 반응은 미세한 유탁액으로 이루어지는 중간상인 interphase에서 일어남을 알 수 있었다. The catalytic effects of several phase-transfer catalysts (PTC) on the liquid-liquid heterogeneous nucleophilic displacement reaction of thiocyanate on benzyl chloride have been determined. Reactions followed a pseudo-first order dependency on the benzyl chloride concentration and the observed rate constant $(k_{obsd})$ were linearly related to the concentration of catalyst and varied with variables such as reaction temperature and solvent. The sequences of catalytic activity of the displacement were $NH_4Cl$ < BTMAC < 18-crown-6 < BTEAC < PEG < TBAC < CTMAB. Enthalpies and entropies of activation associated with the displacement were 15∼20 Kcal$mo^{l-1}$, -12∼-29 eu. respectively and the reaction occurs in the interphase comprising of microemulsion.
이천수,윤무홍,최석범,노승백 ( Chun Soo Lee,Mu Hong Yoon,Seok Burm Choe,Seung Baik Rho ) 한국공업화학회 1992 공업화학 Vol.3 No.1
수용액에서 amine류와 arylsulfonyl carbamate류를 반응시켜 다음과 같은 arylsulfonyl urea유도체들을 좋은 수율로 쉽게 합성할 수 있다 : 1) N-Arylsulfonyl-N`-arylurea 유도체, 2) N-Arylsulfonyl-N`-alkyl urea 유도체, 3) N-Arylsulfonyl-N`-heterocyclic urea 유도체. Arylsulfonyl urea의 합성에 관한 반응메카니즘은, 먼저 산-염기 반응에 의해 ion-pair형태가 만들어지고, 그 다음 사면체형 중간체를 형성하는 친핵성첨가반응, 그리고 산촉매애 의한 alkoxide ion 과 양성자의 제거반응에 따라 일어난다. Arylsulfonyl urea derivatives can be easily prepared in good yield by treating amines with arylsulfonyl carbamates in aqueous solution : 1) N-Arylsulfonyl-N`-aryl urea derivatives, 2) N-Arylsulfony-N`-alkyl urea derivatives, 3) N-Arylsulfonyl-N`-heterocyclic urea derivatives. The proposed reaction mechanisms for preparing arylsulfonyl ureas involve formation of an ion-pair conformation by initial acid-base reaction, then formation of a so-called tetrahedral intermediate by nucleophilic addition, followed by an acid-catalyzed elimination of an alkoxide ion and loss of a proton.