국가균형발전을 위한 정부간 정책적 역할재정립

윤광재 한국정부학회 2008 하계학술대회 Vol.2008 No.-

지방자치단체가 행사하는 지방세의 세율결정권한에 관한 연구 : 프랑스의 지방자치단체를 중심으로

윤광재 한국행정학회 1999 한국행정학보 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구는 다른 유럽국가에 비해서 중앙집권적 성격을 강하게 가지고 있는 프랑스에 있어서 제도적 자치에 비해서 재정적 자치가 늦게 등장한 배경을 역사적으로 고찰하고 재정자치의 일부라 할 수 있는 지방세의 세율결정권한에 대해서 실제적으로 검토하는데 목적이 있다. 그러므로 지방자치의 발전단계와 이에 비해서 늦게 시작된 재정자치를 구체적으로 설명하고 세율결정권한의 원칙과 원칙에 속하는 세율의 법정상한선과 세율간의 관계규칙을 정확하게 살펴본다. 또한 지방자치단체가 행사하는 세율결정권한을 주거세, 미건축물토지세 그리고 사업세를 중심으로 고찰하고 프랑스의 경험이 한국의 상황에 제시하는 사항을 검토한다.

영국과 프랑스의 행정개혁에 관한 비교연구

윤광재 한국행정학회 2006 한국행정학보 Vol.40 No.2

This study is to analyze the differences in the administrative reform between the United Kingdom and France, which have different administration based on the bureaucracy, to gather information for and form a political suggestion for Korea. This study will analyze the background, extent of the subjects and level for both and analyze the characteristics of the administrative reform process by comparing the executive agencies(centre de responsabilit). In addition, it will take a look at the fact that the two styles of government appeared as a result of reform. The United Kingdom promoted the administrative reform on the base of New Public Management with the republican party, however, France promoted the administrative reform based on their own administrative characteristics and partially adopted the New Public Management towards the end of the 1980s. The subject of the administrative reform in the United Kingdom broader than that of France. France only promoted it partially. The executive agency performed its role in the middle, but it was managed partially in France. In the result of the administrative reform, the government size was reduced in The United Kingdom but there were administrative improvements in France, Korea has promoted the United Kingdom model, however, these days, it has changed to the practical reform which enforces the public function for the nation's convenience in the United Kingdom. Therefore, we need to closely analyze the background and process of the administrative reform of France, which has a similar administration base, also we need to review our reforming direction and process from the examples of these two countries. 본 연구는 영국과 프랑스에 있어 관료제를 둘러싼 행정기반이 동일하지 않음으로써 행정개혁에 있어서도 어느 정도의 차이성이 존재하는지를 분석하고자 하며 우리나라에 필요한 정책적 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 두 국가에 있어 행정개혁을 배경, 대상범위 및 수준에 따라 분석하고 행정개혁의 구체적 과정으로 책임운영기관(센터)을 비교하여 그 특징을 살펴보고자 한다. 또한, 이와 같은 행정개혁의 결과가 어떠한 형태로 나타나고 있는지를 알아보고자 한다. 영국은 보수당 정권의 출범과 함께 신공공관리에 기초한 행정개혁을 추진하였지만 프랑스는 자국의 행정특성에 기초한 행정개혁을 추진하다 1980년대 후반 신공공관리를 부분적으로 도입하였다. 영국은 행정개혁의 대상에 있어 프랑스보다 광범위하지만 프랑스는 행정운영의 부분적인 측면만을 대상으로 하고 있다. 행정개혁 과정의 구체적인 사례로 영국의 책임운영기관은 중앙차원에서 적극적으로 그 역할을 수행하고 있지만 프랑스의 책임운영센터는 지방차원에서 제한적으로 운영되고 있다. 행정개혁의 결과, 영국은 정부규모의 감축, 프랑스는 자체적인 행정의 개선으로 나타나고 있다. 우리나라는 영국을 행정개혁의 모델로 추구하였으나 최근 영국은 국민의 편익을 위해 공공기능을 강화하는 실용주의 개혁으로 전환되었다. 따라서 영국의 경험뿐만 아니라 행정기반이 유사한 프랑스의 행정개혁 배경과 과정에 보다 많은 관심을 갖는 것이 필요하며 두 국가의 사례를 통해 우리나라 행정개혁의 방향과 과정을 재검토하는 것이 필요하다.

사르코지 정부와 이명박 정부의 행정개혁에 관한 비교연구

윤광재 한국행정학회 2009 한국행정학보 Vol.43 No.2

본 연구는 다른 국가에 비해 비교적 유사한 정치·행정적 특징을 가지고 있는 프랑스와 한국의 행정개혁에 관한 비교연구이다. 구체적으로 단일국가체제하의 대통령중심제, 중앙집권적 행정, 수상 및 국무총리제 등에 기초한 사르코지 정부와 이명박 정부의 행정개혁상의 우선순위, 접근방법, 대상에 대해 체계적으로 비교분석한다. 이러한 비교분석은 사르코지 정부의 경험이 이명박 정부에게 추진상의 내용을 공유할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 정책적 시사점을 제공해줄 수 있기 때문이다. 양 정부의 경우, 유사한 정치·행정체제보다는 경기침체라는 대내·외적 변수가 행정개혁에 실질적 영향을 주고 있다. 사르코지 정부는 우선순위와 접근방법에 있어서 공공정책의 검토와 연속적인 방법을 사용하고 있다. 반면에 이명박 정부는 공공기관의 선진화와 단기적 방법에 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 사르코지 정부와 이명박 정부는 조직개편에서 부처수를 감소시키고 인사제도에서는 성과주의를 지향하고 있다. 행정운영에 있어서 전자는 새로운 행정가치를 논의하고 있으며 후자는 성과 및 투명성을 지향하고 있다. 결국, 사르코지 정부는 우선순위에 따른 최종목표 설정, 개혁상의 연속성 추구, 행정가치의 재정립, 자발적 참여환경 조성, 이해관계자의 합의도출을 중시하고 있다.

제3회의 / 제3분과 재무행정의 과제와 전망 : 프랑스 지방자치단체의 지방세 세율결정권한

윤광재 한국행정학회 1998 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1998 No.-

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행정서비스헌장제도의 효과적 이행요인

윤광재,김용동,주재현,최창수 한국행정연구원 2002 기본연구과제 Vol.2002 No.-

프랑스 지역균형발전정책과 지역적 통합전략에 대한 연구

윤광재 (재) 한국지방행정연구원 2024 지방행정연구 Vol.38 No.2

In France, interest in regional balanced development began to emerge in the 1940s, and it gained momentum through the 1950s and 1960s. This was characterized by the introduction of national land planning policy and the establishment of relevant organization to implement such policies. For a while, these two factors played a central role in regional balanced development policies. However, with the changing times, ideologies suitable for regional development and decentralization emerged, leading to continuous changes in policy direction and implementing bodies. And as local decentralization has been strengthened, regional integration strategies for local governments to play a leading role have been increasingly emphasized. Through regional integration, policies tailored to the characteristics of each region were pursued, accompanied by the devolution of relevant authorities. Representative examples of integration include the emergence of metropolitan cooperation bodies focusing on urban development and the integration among cities. Metropolitan cooperation bodies aim to promote regional development centered around major cities, while inter-regional integration fosters the formation of metropolitan areas to enhance competitiveness at both national and European levels. Through such individual regional developments, the ultimate goal is to promote regional balanced development.

주요제국의 행정 동향조사 : 미국의 연방정부조직

윤광재,박태형,차용진,최창수 한국행정연구원 2004 기본연구과제 Vol.2004 No.-

The United States is a representative country of the Federal System. As Federal and State governments are substantially granted sovereign power according to the constitutional law, National power is divided. As State government is not an affiliated organization of Federal government but the completely separated government,it is in the equal position excluding the exception provided by the law as well. In addition the United States is a country to be effectively operated based on mutual check by division of powers. Division of power divides national power into legislation, administration and judicature and let independent organization control each power so that it establishes the relationship of check and balance between each organization.In the separation system of Three Powers Congress has the legislation right, Presidenthas enforcement right of the law and the court has the construction right of the law and the mutual restraint system is that none of organization is able to exercise absolute power. Also a Senator, a Representative, the President and a Federal judge are elected by different ways. As the circumstance of times has been changed, the functional overlapping among organizations however has appeared. For example the prohibition of legislation mandate is eased into Independent Regulatory Commission or enactment right for regulation of governmental organization. Moreover, the power overlapping frequently occurred as many legislative bills are drawn up by Administration Department or judgmentfor violation of constitution by Federal Supreme Court which means Judicature department is in charge of enactment of the law in result.Federal Government is traditionally divided into Executive Office of the President, Departments and Independent Establishments and Government Corporations.Executive Office of the President includes Council of Economics Advisers, Council on Environmental Quality, National Security Council, Office of Administration, Office of Management and Budget, Office of National Drug Control Policy, Office of Policy Development, Office of Science and Technology Policy, Office of the United States Trade Representative centering around the White House Office and Office of the Vice President of the United States. Besides there are other departments and commissions which are not mentioned on U.S Government Manual and the lists areOffice of National AIDA Policy, Office of Global Communications, Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives, White House Military Office and President`s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board. The Departments of the US include Department of Agriculture which is to improve an income of a farmhouse and to develop an international market for selling agricultural products, the Department of Commerce which is to enforce the competitiveness of the US in an international market, the Department of Defense which is to provide the Military power and to protect the US, the Department of Education which is to secure the national equal education right and to stimulate educational prominence in an entire country, the Department of Energy which is to adjust and execute Energy related functions, the Department of Health and Human Service which is to control the alcohol, a drug, a mental disease, a disease control, food and medicines, the Department of Housing and Urban Development which is to be in charge of provision of dwelling opportunity and a housing construction project, the Ministry of Home Affairs which is to protect natural resources and cultural remains of a country, the Department of Justice which is to enforce the law and to prevent a crime, the Department of Labor which is to promote welfare of a wage worker and to improve working condition, the Department of State which is to advise the President in regards to establishment and execution of international policy, the Department of Transportation which is to establish and to control all kinds of transportation policy of a country and the Department of the Treasury which is to establish economic, financial, taxation and budgetary policies and to perform affairs as the financial department in charge. Alsothe Department of Homeland Security is added to 14 departments of Department of Veterans Affairs which is to operate various supporting programs for veteran soldiers and their families. The Department of Homeland Security has been established due to 9.11 Terror of 2001 and is performing the functions related to National security.The independent organizations and the public corporations of the US include 55 of the independent organizations and the public corporations such as the Central Intelligence Agency which is to collect, to evaluate and to convey important information in regards to the national security in entire fields of a country, Export Import Bank of the US which to maintain, to stimulate the business in the US through financial support in regards to export for exports and services of the US and to support private field, the Federal Reserve System which is to take an important role as the central bank of the US, Merit System Protection Board which is to protect completion of the merit system and to secure the right of a government employee and Office of Personnel Management which is to be in charge of personnel and the merit system of the federal government employee and to control Human Resources Management.

프랑스 지방재정조정제도운용에 대한 연구

윤광재 한국지방자치학회 2002 한국지방자치학회보 Vol.14 No.3

Korea is a unitary state and has a centralized administration system. In this aspect, France is comparable to Korea among western developed countries. On this basis, studying the french local finance equalization scheme can give several suggestions to the korean fiscal subsidy system. If the local finance equalization scheme is supposed to support local entities financially and reduce their financial gap, French government manages several kinds of fiscal subsidy suitable to this goal. There are several groups concerning operation, investment, transfer of competences and reimbursement for the legal deduction of tax. Each group is set up by many grants and funds because new ones are established according to the financial situation of local entities and the central policy. Also, it is a recent trend in France that in the light of `solidarity` the government encourages wealthy local entities to participate in reducing financial gaps among them.

프랑스의 지방재정 특성에 관한 연구 - 세입과 세출을 중심으로 -

윤광재 한국지방자치학회 2010 한국지방자치학회보 Vol.22 No.4

In France, local finances, like public finances, levy taxes on citizens and residents, and based on this, it spends expenditures for the administration of the nation or local provinces. In France, local finances have been recognized as secondary to public finances, but with the recent increase in the role and expenditures of local governments for economic development and social welfare, the status of local finances enhanced greatly. Now, local administrative expenditures account for 50% of the total national budget. It is necessary to categorize the tax revenue of local finances from a traditional aspect, operational aspect, trend aspect and self-governing aspect. Also, for tax expenditures of local finances, they can be categorized into structural aspects, operational aspects, trend aspects and innovation aspects. When making an analysis focusing on tax revenue, history of the tax revenue exists, and there exist also free decision-making for determining tax rates. Furthermore, it shows that there is increasing dependency on public finance grants, and characteristics that increase financial independence and transfer of finances. For tax expenditures, ordinary expenditures take up a high percentage, and high importance is placed on maintaining legality for tax expenditures. In addition, equity for tax expenditures are being stressed, and it exhibits features to suppress local finances.