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Epiphytic macrolichens in Seoul: 35 years after the first lichen study in Korea
안초롱,장은미,강혜순 한국생태학회 2011 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.34 No.4
Many lichens have been used as bioindicators for air pollutants such as SO_2. The first ecological study on lichens in Korea was conducted in 1975 by Kim and Lee, disclosing that areas adjacent to the center of Seoul were lichen deserts. Air quality in Seoul has improved significantly since the 1980s. However, the distribution of lichen species has not been reevaluated since then. We examined the spatial and temporal pattern of lichen distribution by selecting six (inner city green [ICG] and four (outer city green [OCG]) sites, based on the distance from the city center of Seoul and the land use pattern. The change in lichen distribution was related to yearly mean concentrations of SO_2, NO_2, and O_3 for the years 1980-2009. Four and 13 lichen species were found in ICGs and OCGs, respectively. Although mean sample numbers per species were much higher in the former, species richness tended to increase with distance from the city center. Since 1980, SO_2has declined drastically to < 0.01 ppm in both ICGs and OCGs, indicating that SO2 is no longer a limiting factor for lichen establishment and growth. In contrast, NO_2 has increased steadily for 20 years (1989-2009) and a considerable proportion of lichen species in both ICGs and OCGs are known as nitrophilic or pollution-tolerant species. Appearance of nitrophiles in both ICGs and OCGs and the dominance of a few lichen species in ICGs may reflect the effects of the increase in NO_2. In contrast to SO_2 and NO_2, O_3 was higher in OCGs, but it was difficult to identify a causal relationship between O_3 and lichen distribution.
안초롱 ( Chorong Ahn ),김민경 ( Minkyeong Kim ),김창무 ( Changmu Kim ) 한국균학회 2021 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.49 No.2
Indigenous yeasts in Korea have been actively studied since 1910 in light of various fields, including environment, food fermentation, brewing, and medicine. However, a complete list of indigenous yeast species has not been addressed or reported. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the literature including yeast isolation from Korean materials and the strains preserved at culture collections was performed. The results of this study indicate the following: ⅰ) there are 128 genera and 681 species (including 26 variants) of yeast reported in Korea, ⅱ) the reported species were trimmed into 142 genera and 500 species (including 9 variants), ⅲ) among which only 166 species were registered in the National Species List of Korea (2020). Therefore, follow-up studies are required to register more indigenous yeast species in the National Species List of Korea.
최주용,박선영,박민경,김영석,안초롱,김예진,박천석 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.10
Recently, unconventional yeasts have become popular as fermentation starters in the brewing industry due to the growing consumer demand for aromatic diversity. Specifically, Schizosaccharomyces japonicus has been explored as a potential starter culture for beer and wine production because of its distinct brewing characteristics; however, its application in makgeolli fermentation has not been tested. Therefore, in the present study, two Sz. japonicus strains (SZJ-1 and SZJ-2) were isolated from natural sources, and their brewing characteristics for makgeolli fermentation were compared with those of commercial S. cerevisiae strain. Although the tested isolates showed a lower fermentation and carbon source consumption rate than control-, their overall alcohol fermentation characteristics were suitable for makgeolli production. Regarding flavor composition, Sz. japonicus-fermented makgeolli possessed more ester compounds (e.g., 2-phenylethyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and ethyl decanoate) than S. cerevisiae-fermented makgeolli. Therefore, Sz. japonicus can be used as an alternative culture starter in makgeolli fermentation.
고정우,김예진,류혜림,김민경,안초롱,김창무,박천석 한국균학회 2023 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.51 No.4
According to our previous study, 500 species of yeast exist in Korea, including nine variantscomprising 142 genera and 48 classes in two phyla. Additionally, 4,483 fungal species havebeen documented at the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR). However, despitethe industrial use of several yeasts, only 173 species formed part of the National Species Listof Korea (NSLK) as of December 2021, mainly due to the lack of taxonomic descriptions. Thisstudy aimed to investigate the taxonomy of seven newly isolated yeast species (Hyphopichiaburtonii , Starmerella sorbosivorans , Cyberlindnera mycetangii , Cutaneotrichosporonoleaginosum, Nakazawaea ernobii, Pichia kudriavzevii, and Schizosaccharomyces japonicus)for inclusion in the NSLK. The strains were clustered for the phylogenetic analysis of fungalrDNA (D1/D2-26S) sequences. This study provides descriptions of their cell morphology andphysiological characteristics, the results of which confirm the indigenous origin of theseseven species in Korea and recommend their inclusion in the NSLK.
울릉도 수집 균주의 배양조건에 따른 균사 생장 특성 비교
김민경 ( Minkyeong Kim ),안초롱 ( Chorong Ahn ),김창무 ( Changmu Kim ) 한국균학회 2020 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.48 No.2
The collection of biological data of indigenous species must comply with the Nagoya Protocol. Fungi contain various bioactive substances making them an attractive source of several products, including food and medicines. In this study, we investigated the growth characteristics of five indigenous fungal strains, Fomitiporia punctata, Polyporus ulleungus, P. brumalis, Gymnopus subnudus, and Tyromyces kmetii, isolated from samples collected in the Ulleungdo Island. The growth rates for each strain were assessed across various temperatures (20 ºC to 35 ºC), culture media (Potato dextrose agar, Malt extract & Yeast extract agar, Malt extract agar, Malt extract & peptone agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar, and Modified Melin-Norkrans agar), and pH conditions (4.0 to 8.0). Additionally, we assessed the mycelial growth characteristics in liquid culture. The mycelial growth in different media varied across species; specifically, F. punctata (in MMNA), G subnudus (in MMNA), and P. brumalis (in MEPA) showed rapid growth. Optimal growth temperatures ranged between 25 ºC and 30 ºC for most species, with the exception of T. kmetii and P. brumalis, which were able to grow across all the temperatures tested. P. brumalis showed the best growth rate, whereas P. ulleungus showed the lowest growth potential. The optimal pH conditions for mycelial growth ranged between 4.0 and 5.0. In experiments using culture flasks, the dry weight of the culture filtrates decreased with the increasing incubation time and showed a significant decrease between 1 and 6 months of incubation, indicating that the five strains take longer than a month to fully use the culture media. Our findings highlight and establish the optimal growth conditions for five different fungal species that can be used in future application studies.
Comparative Analysis of Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities among Seven Trametes Species
Ha Thi Kim Nguyen,Jiwon Lee,Yejin Park,Hyon Jin Park,안순길,김재광,Dong-Ku Kang,Minkyeong Kim,안초롱,김창무,최재혁 한국균학회 2023 Mycobiology Vol.51 No.4
Species in the genus Trametes (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) have been used in natural medicinefor a long time. Many studies reported that mycelia or fruiting bodies of Trametes spp. exhibited effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. However, comparative analysis in this genus is scarce due to limitation of morphologicalidentification and the sample number. In this study, the 19 strains of seven Trametes specieswere chosen to generate a five-gene-based phylogeny with the 31 global references. In addition,39 culture extracts were prepared for 13 strains to test for anticancer and antibacterialactivities. Strong anticancer activities were found in several extracts from T. hirsuta and T. suaveolens. Anticancer activities of T. suaveolens, T. cf. junipericola and T. trogii were firstdescribed here. The antibacterial ability of T. versicolor and T. hirsuta extracts has been confirmed. The antibacterial activities of T. suaveolens have been reported at the first time inthis study. These results suggest an efficient application of the genus Trametes as the drugresources especially for anticancer agents.