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과학호기심 설문지의 수정 및 검증을 통한 새로운 과학호기심 설문지의 개발 - 초등예비교사의 과학호기심 분석을 통하여 -
김동욱,신민현 한국초등과학교육학회 2023 초등과학교육 Vol.42 No.1
A Korean-version science curiosity questionnaire (Science Curiosity in Learning Environments [SCILE(15)]) was developed after factor analysis of the Korean-version SCILE(30) questionnaire. Pre-service elementary school teachers were surveyed using the Korean-version SCILE(30), and a factor analysis based on their responses was performed. The factor analysis demonstrated that the Korean-version SCILE(15) consisted of three curiosity factors: a ‘science practices’ factor, a ‘stretching’ factor, and an ‘embracing’ factor. Confirmatory factor analysis of the factor structure revealed correlations between all the factors, thus confirming their commonality as a science curiosity factors. The Cronbach alpha for the reliability of all items in the Korean-version SCILE(15) and of items by factor was greater than 0.700. The Korean-version SCILE(15) was therefore evaluated to be reliable as a science curiosity questionnaire. Pre-service elementary teachers who participated in the survey for the development of the SCILE(15) were aware of the ‘science practices’, ‘stretching’, and ‘embracing’ science curiosity factors. Analysis in a general linear model of the degree of recognition accorded by pre-service elementary teachers to the three science curiosity factors demonstrated significant differences between the curiosity factors in terms of recognition. This cohort of pre-service elementary teachers showed the highest level of recognition of the ‘stretching’ curiosity factor and the lowest level of recognition of the ‘embracing’ curiosity factor. 한국어판 SCILE(30)설문지를 요인분석방법을 사용하여 과학호기심 설문지인 한국어판 SCILE(15)설문지를 개발하였다. 먼저 한국어판 SCILE(30)설문지를 사용하여 초등예비교사들을 대상으로 설문 조사를 시행한 후에 요인분석을 수행하였다. 요인분석결과, ‘과학실천형’ 호기심, ‘확장형’ 호기심, ‘포용형’ 호기심 요인의 3가지 요인으로 구성된 15문항의 한국어판 SCILE(15)설문지가 얻어졌다. 한국어판SCILE(15)설문지에 대한 확인적 요인분석에 의한 요인구조를 분석한 결과, 각 요인 간에 상관관계를 보여 과학호기심요인으로서의 공통성이 확인되었다. 한국어판 SCILE(15)설문지의 전체문항에 대한 신뢰도와 각 요인별 문항들에 대한 신뢰도는 크론바흐 알파 0.700 이상으로 평가되어 과학호기심 설문지인한국어판 SCILE(15)설문지는 신뢰성이 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 설문지개발을 위한 설문 조사에 참석한 초등예비교사들은 과학호기심에 대하여 ‘과학실천형’ 호기심, ‘확장형’ 호기심, ‘포용형’ 호기심 요인을 인식하고 있었다. 세 종류의 과학호기심 요인들에 대하여일반선형모형으로 분석한 결과 호기심요인들은 서로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 초등예비교사들은 ‘과학실천형’ 호기심요인, ‘확장형’ 호기심요인, ‘포용형’ 호기심요인을 인식하는 정도가 다르다는 것을 나타낸다. 초등예비교사는 과학호기심의 세 가지 요인 중에서 ‘확장형’ 호기심요인의 인식정도가 가장 높았고, ‘포용형’ 호기심요인의 인식정도는 가장 낮은 특성을 보였다.
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The effect of progeny numbers and pedigree depth on the accuracy of the EBV with the BLUP method
장성봉,김소연,이수현,신민광,강지민,이두호,김시동,노승희,이승환,최태정 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2019 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.46 No.2
This study was done to estimate the effect of progeny numbers and pedigree depth on the accuracy of the estimated breeding value (EBV) using best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) method in Hanwoo. The experiment groups (sire = 100, 200, and 300; progeny = 4 and 8) were made by random sampling and by genetic evaluation of the following traits: Body weight (BW), carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), back fat thickness (BFT) and marbling score (MS9). As a result of the genetic evaluation, the accuracy of the EBV was roughly 30 - 60% with 4 progenies, and the accuracy of the EBV increased by about 50 - 75% with 8 progenies. In the other words, when the number of progenies increased from 4 to 8, the accuracy of the EBV simultaneously increased by about 15 - 20%. Moreover, when the number of sires was higher, variations in the accuracy of the EBV within the groups for each trait decreased. Therefore, this result indicates that not only the number of progeny but also the number of sires can affect the accuracy of the EBV. Consequently, collecting information on the progeny and careful management of that information are very important things in the Hanwoo breeding system. Therefore, the EBV can show more precise results when conducting genetic evaluations.
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Synthesis of a DNA-Encoded Library of Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines
박준형,왕희명,신민현,임현석 대한화학회 2021 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.42 No.4
Developing DNA-encoded libraries of privileged scaffolds, such as pyrrolopyrimidines, is of great interest in drug discovery and chemical biology as a powerful tool to rapidly and inexpensively discover potent drug candidates. However, it is often challenging to construct such DNA-encoded libraries because many reaction conditions are not compatible with DNA. Here, we describe the development of a convenient solid-phase synthetic strategy that overcomes the current limitations and allows the efficient synthesis of a DNA-encoded combinatorial library of structurally diverse tetra-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
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유전자 재조합 Human Factor VIII(GC-γ AHF)의 안전성에 관한 연구
김민영,손장원,신민기,배미옥,김현우,최진혁,김준성,문서현,김정현 한국독성학회 2002 Toxicological Research Vol.18 No.1
This study was conducted to evaluate the safety of a recombinant human Factor VIII(GC-$\gamma$ AHF) manufactured by Korea Green Cross Company with different technology according to the Regulation of Korean Food and Drug Administration (l 998. 12. 3). In acute toxicity test, both genders of Sprague-Dawley rats and Beagle dogs were administered intravenously with GC-$\gamma$ AHF of three doses (3,125, 625 and 125 IU/kg), and single dose of 3,125 IU/kg, respectively. No dead animal and abnormal autopsy findings were found in Control and GC-$\gamma$ AHF treated group. Therefore, the 50% lethal dose ($LD_{50}$) of GC-$\gamma$ AHF was conidered to be higher than 3,125 IU/kg in rats and dogs. In the four weeks repeated intravenous toxicity study, GC-$\gamma$ AHF was administrated intravenosly to both genders of rats and dogs with 3 doses (500, 150, 50 IU/kg). There were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights during the experimental Period. In addition, no significant GC-$\gamma$ AHF related changes were found in clinical sign, urinalysis and other finding. Statistically changes were observed in hematological, biochemical and organ weight parameters of treated groups: however these changes were not dose dependent. No histopathological lesion were observed in both control and treated animals. Above data suggest that no observed adverse effect level of test materials in rats and dogs might be over 500 IU/kg/day in this study. In ocular irritation test, any injury on iris, conjunctiva and cornea in rabbits were not observed. The acute ocular irritation index (A.O.I.), mean ocular irritation index (M.O.I.) and Day-7 individual ocular irritation Index (I.O.I.) of GC-$\gamma$ AHF were 0. In the primary skin Irritation test, the primary irritation index (P.I.I.) oj GC-$\gamma$ AHF were 0. Therefore, the GC-$\gamma$ AHF is considered not to have the primary skin and eye toxicity in rabbits. In active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) test, GC-$\gamma$ AHF and GC-$\gamma$ AHF emulsified with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) did not induce any symptom of anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs. In passive cutaneous anaphylxis (PCA) test, after sensitization with antisera of GC-$\gamma$ AHF sensitized mice, blue spots were observed on the hypodermis of back of rats, but diameter of each spot was smaller than 5 mm in each test groups except the positive control group. Based on the results of this study, GC-$\gamma$ AHF is not conidered to have any antigenic potential. In conclusion, at levels of up to 500 IU/kg, GC-$\gamma$ AHF did not produce treatment-related toxicity under the conditions of these acute-, four week repeated-toxicity, primary skin and eye toxicity, and antigenicity test.
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유전자 재조합 Human Factor Ⅷ(GC-γ AHF)의 안전성에 관한 연구
김민영,손장원,신민기,배미옥,김현우,최진혁,김준성,문서현,김정현,이소라,변종환,변태호,김정헌,조명행 한국독성학회 2002 Toxicological Research Vol.18 No.1
This study was conducted to evaluate the safety of a recombinant human factor Ⅷ(GC-γ AHF) manufactured by Korea Green Cross Company with different technology according to the Regulation of Korean Food and Drug Administration (1998.12.3). In acute toxicity test, both genders of Sprague-Dawley rats and Beagle dogs were administered intravenously with GC-γ AHF of three dosee (3,125,625 and 125 IU/kg), and single dose of 3,125 IU/kg, respectively. No dead animal and abnormal autopsy findings were found in control and GC-γ AHF treated group. Threrfore, the 50% lethal dose (LD_(50)) of GC-γ AHF was considered to be higher than 3,125 IU/kg in rats and dogs. In the four weeks repeated intravenous toxicity study, GC-γ AHF was administrated intravenously to both genders of rats and dogs with 3 doses (500, 150, 50 IU/kg). There were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights during the experimental period. In addition, no significant GC-γ AHF related changes were found in clinical sign, urinalysis and other finding. Statistically changes were observed in hematological, biochemical and organ weight parameters of treated groups; however, these changes were not dose dependent. No histopathological lesions were observed in both control and treated animals. Above data suggest that no observed adverse effect level of test materials in rats and dogs might be over 500 IU/kg/day in this study. In ocular irritation test, any injury on iris, conjunctiva and cornea in rabbits were not observed. The acute ocular irritation index (A.O.I.), mean ocular irritation index (M.O.I.) and Day-7 individual ocular irritation index (I.O.I.) of GC-γ AHF were 0. In the primary skin irritation test, the primary irritation index (P.I.I.) of GC-γ AHF were 0. Therefore, the GC-γ AHF is considered not to have the primary skin and eye toxicity in rabbits. In active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) test, GC-γ AHF and GC-γ AHF emulsified with Freund''s complete adjuvant (FCA) did not induce any symptom of anaphylatic shock in guinea pigs. In passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test, after sensitization with antisera of GC-γ AHF sensitized mice, blue spots were observed on the hypodermis of back of rats, but diameter of each spot was smaller than 5 mm in each test groups except the positive control group. Based on the results of this study, GC-γ AHF is not considered to have any antigenic potential. In conclusion, at levels of up to 500 IU/kg, GC-γ AHF did not produce treatment-related toxicity under the conditions of these acute-, four week repeated-toxicity, primary skin and eye toxicity, and antigenicity test.
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