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교육정책 연구의 개념적 분석틀로서 Foucault의 통치성
손흥숙(Son, Heung Suk) 한국교육학회 2021 敎育學硏究 Vol.59 No.5
Foucault의 통치성 개념은 정책을 해석하기 위한 하나의 분석틀로 받아들여지고 있다. 교육정책 분야에서도 통치성 개념이 활용되기 시작하였으나, 그 범위가 제한적이다. 이 연구는 Foucault의 통치성 개념이 국가, 권력, 지식, 통치, 주체를 이해하는 데 분석적 강점이 있음을 설명한 후, 교육정책의 다양한 쟁점을 읽어낼 수 있는 방안 중 하나로 Dean(1999)의 통치 분석틀을 제안한다. Dean(1999)의 통치 분석틀은 1) 가시성 2) 통치기술 3) 통치지식 4) 정체성의 네 개의 범주에서 교육정책의 통치성을 해석하는 방법을 안내한다. 네 요소의 분석을 위한 구체적인 질문과 예를 <표 1>에 제시한다. 그리고 Foucault의 통치성 개념은 정책담론과 교육실제와의 관계, 기존의 불평등과의 관계, 국가 주도의 교육정책 입안과 집행과정 등을 해석하고자 할 때 한계에 부딪힘을 논의한다. 또한, 통치성 개념이 제공하는 새롭고 비판적인 관점을 드러내기 위해서, 주요 개념들을 명확히 하고, 연구의 맥락에서 새로운 개념, 방법론, 질문을 추가해야 하며, 정책의 평가나 대안의 모색이 아니라 통치방법을 밝히는 데 연구의 초점을 두어야 함을 제언한다. Foucault s concept of governmentality is accepted as an analytical framework for interpreting policies. The concept of governmentality has begun to be used in the field of education policy, but its scope is limited. After explaining that Foucault s concept of governmentality has analytical strengths in understanding the state, power, knowledge, government, and subject, this study proposes Dean s (1999) analytics of government as one of the ways to read various issues in education policy. Dean s (1999) framework guides how to interpret the governmentality of education policy in four categories: 1) visibilities 2) technologies of government 3) knowledge, and 4) identities. After discussing the limitations that should be considered when utilizing Foucault s concept of governmentality, it notes what to pay attention to.
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교육정책 분석 방법의 탐색 : Foucault의 계보학
손흥숙 ( Son Heung Suk ) 인하대학교 교육연구소 2021 교육문화연구 Vol.27 No.6
Although Foucault's genealogy, which reveals new and diverse aspects of the relationship between power, knowledge, and subject, can be used to analyze educational policies, it is still difficult in application. This study started as a part of exploring ways to utilize Foucault's genealogy when analyzing Korean education policy. First, Foucault's genealogy was understood within the scope of the research area, data collection, and data interpretation. Next, the strengths of using Foucault's genealogy in education research were reviewed, and case studies that studied specific educational policies were investigated. Based on these processes, education policy genealogy was explored in the categories of research area, data collection, and data interpretation. In conclusion, the limitations of previous studies using Foucault's genealogy are summarized and considerations for subsequent studies are suggested. In addition, although the work of systematizing Foucault's genealogy and seeking research strategies is impulsive, I tried to find the significance of the research in Foucault's suggestion of 'do genealogy'.
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손흥숙 ( Son Heung Suk ) 인하대학교 교육연구소 2024 교육문화연구 Vol.30 No.2
The purpose of this study was to interpret the historical process of the free semester policy that has been implemented in middle schools since 2013. Using Foucault's genealogical methodology, we focus on revealing the relationships between power, knowledge, and subjects contained in the free semester policy by rediscovering the strategies, relationships, encounters, support, obstruction, and power plays that produced the free semester policy. The introduction of the free semester policy created a new power relationship, and related groups interpreted and transformed the free semester system according to their respective interests. In order to institutionalize the free semester system, the state legislated it on a quick schedule and utilized various support measures. The free semester system was a strategy to problematize academic ability-centered education and establish competency-centered education. The free semester policy reemerged liberal and progressive education theories and formed dominant discourses such as dreams, talent, competence, and happiness, while marginalizing issues such as teenage angst, competition for college entrance exams, and school violence. The ‘freedom’ of the free semester system has been used as a tool to solve the problem we are trying to escape, that is, the problem of academic ability-centered education and to switch to competency-centered education. The freedom given to students and teachers in the free semester system allowed to solve the era's desire to pursue a healthy and happy life, the political events of the presidential election, and the dysfunctional problems caused by academic ability-centered education centered on competition for entrance exams, and it was a dispositif to encourage students and teachers to autonomously participate in the competency-centered education required by the future era.
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학교선택권의 보장을 위한 학교체제 재구조화 방안에 관한 연구
주철안(Chul An Joo),한대동(Dae Dong Hahn),성병창(Byung Chang Sung),손흥숙(Heung Suk Son) 한국지방교육경영학회 2002 지방교육경영 Vol.7 No.-
This study is to explore the school restructuring alternatives in order to ensure students and parents the right of school choice. For the purpose it adopted the literature review on the subject. As a literature review it examined the theoretical ground of the school choice policy, the potentials and limitations of the school choice policy, and compared school choice policies among the countries to draw policy implications for Korea. It also utilized survey research to gain opinion from parents on the school choice and the school restructuring policy. The major finding of the opinion survey are the followings. First, parents respond that present school system does not adequately meet the needs of students' aptitude and interest. Secondly, they respond that when the education authorities provide more right on school choice to the parents, it will influence positively the equality of educational opportunities as well as school accountabilities and educational quality. On the contrmy, they respond, it will increase the gaps among schools. If they choose among schools, they consider important factors schools' records of college admission, humanity education as school goal, relations between teachers and students, · distance and access to school etc. Thirdly, they respond positively that high schools be diversified in educational purpose and ideals as well as in educational program. However, they afraid that it is related to the matters such as the choice information among schools, policy consistency, disadvantage of college admission. Due to the societal changes it requires for students and parents to exercise more rights on school choice. Diversified high school system will provide students and parents more school choice rights that affect positively the quality of education. However, It might affect negatively the equality of education. Therefore, it needs that the policy ensuring students and parents the rights of school choice he introduced incrementally and controlled in a certain degree to harmonize important educational values.
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