聖賢의 ‘氣象’으로서의 아리스토텔레스의 Phronesis

成賢昌 한국동양철학회 2003 동양철학 Vol.19 No.-

본고에서는 ‘權‘의 판단에 필요한 외계에 대한 적절한 행위 판단을 행할 수 있는 마음의 작용을 주희가『大學』에 유래하는 ‘慮‘에서 찾았음을 지적한 후에, 그것과 아리스토텔레스의『니코마코스윤리학』에 보이는 ‘賢慮‘와 헤르바르트의 교육적 택트 이론과의 비교를 시도한다. 주희에 의하면 ‘慮‘는 대상에 대한 단순한 지식과 달리, 실제로 외물에서 작용해 온 단계에 있어서 대상에 대해서 작용하는 널리 두루 미치는 사려에 머물지 않고, 지향하는 행위에 도달하기까지 탐구를 진행해 가는 것이어서, 거기에서 개별 장면의 도리에 따른 행위에 진입하는 것이다. 이는 보편적인 행위 윤리를 고려하면서, 개별 상황도 고려에 넘는 실천지인 아리스토텔레스의 ‘賢慮‘로서 이해할 수 있다. 그리고 아리스토텔레스에 의하면 ‘賢慮‘있는 사람인 ‘프로니모스‘가 되는 데는 감정을 억제하는 단계에서 습관에 의한 덕의 완성으로라는 일련의 과정을 밟지 않으면 안 된다. 이러한 프로니모스는 항상 악으로 흘러갈 가능성을 내포하고 있는 情을 性으로 統御할 수 있어서 눈앞에 나타나는 외물에 대한 적절한 대응을 행할 수 있는 마음의 상태를 항상 유지하는 성인에 견줄 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 실천의 영역에서 개별이 보편보다 진실이라고 하는 아리스토텔레스의 견해는 주희의 ‘權‘설이 理의 발현을 개별적 상황에서 찾았다고 하는 의미를 생각할 때의 참고가 된다. 교육학에서의 이론과 실천과의 매개의 문제에 대해서, 교육적 택트의 개념으로 착수한 헤르바르트는 아리스토텔레스의 ‘賢慮‘를 자신의 행위론에 도입한다. 그에 의하면 택트를 실행하는 것은 교육적 상황을 파악해서 그 상황의 의미를 이해하는 것이며, 그 순간에서 행하는 것이 무엇인가 그리고 어떻게 행해야만 하는가를 이해하는 것이고 그 결과 올바른 것을 행함을 의미한다. 따라서 교육적 택트는 교육현장에서의 상황 상황의 적합한 상태를 구하는 것이고, 이른바 ‘時中‘에 따른 교육적 판단으로서 이해될 것이다. ‘時中‘은 ‘權‘을 성립시키는 개념이다. 이와 같이 성현의 氣象의 설명으로서도 이해할 수 있는 아리스토텔레스의 ‘賢慮‘라는 개념은, 교육학 영역에서 택트로서 응용되었다. 그것은 더 나아가서는 ‘權‘을 부연하는 개념으로서도 이해할 수 있음을 시사하며, 주자학의 보편성을 생각하는 단서도 됨을 알 수 있을 것이다. In this thesis, I am trying to make a comparison between Lu(慮), after pointing out the fact that Zhu-Xi(朱熹) sought out the function of mind, which enables to practice a judgment concerning appropriate behavior toward outer world that will require for the judgment of Quan(權) in ﾕ that derived from Da Xue 大學, and Phronesis(賢慮) that appeared in 『『Nicomachean Ethics』 by Aristotle and Educational Tact Theory of Herbart. According to Zhu-Xi, Lu is, different from simple knowledge about subjects, not staying at the widely spread virtue of Thoughts or Consideration that affects the subjects in the stage of actual functions in outer world, but it is to keep proceeding quests until accomplishing the behavior, and at that point of accomplishment, it is to enter into a behavior in accordance with principle(Li 理) of each individual situation. This can be understood as Aristotles Phronesis that is actual practice or realization in consideration of each individual situation on the basis of universal behavioral ethics. And Aristotles argue that in the aspect of practical domain individuality is more true than universality can be a good reference when considering the fact that Zhu-Xi, in his Quan theory, searched for manifestation of principle(Li) in individual situation. And educational tact is to look for an appropriate state depending on each different situation of the locale of education. It can be understood as educational judgment according to, so to speak Shizhong(時中). Shizhong, is a concept that completes Quan. As above, Aristotles Phronesis concept, which may be understood by the sages explanations likewise, has been applied as a tact to the area of education. Furthermore, it suggests that it can be construed as a concept that will explain the Quan, and also it is a clue that will lead to a thought of universality of Zhu Xi School.

고천문 관측기록의 검색 DB 구축

성현일,안영숙,임인성,양홍진,김봉규,김상철,신재식,강준모,남현웅,손상모 한국천문학회 2004 天文學會報 Vol.29 No.2

Astronomical Catalogue 자료의 통합검색 DB 구축

성현일,김상철,Jian Sang,손상모,김봉규,임인성,안영숙,양홍진 한국천문학회 2005 天文學會報 Vol.30 No.1

Digitized Sky Survey I 자료의 검색 DB 구축

성현일,김상철,Jian Sang,손상모,김봉규,임인성,안영숙,양홍진 한국천문학회 2005 天文學會報 Vol.30 No.1

NEAR-IR PHOTOMETRIC STUDY OF THE FU ORIONIS OBJECT HBC 722

성현일,박원기,양유나,이상각,윤태석,이정은,강원석,박근홍,조동환,박선경 한국천문학회 2013 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.46 No.6

We present near-infrared light curves of HBC 722 after its the September 2010 outburst. We have been monitoring its near-infrared light curves since November 2010 with Korean Astronomy and Space Science Institute Infrared Camera System (KASINICS). HBC 722 exhibits large changes in optical and near-infrared brightness since its outburst. The $J$, $H$, and $K_s$ light curves over about 2.5 years show that in all observed bands HBC 722 progressively became fainter until around April 2011, down to $J \sim$10.7, $H \sim$9.9, $K_s\sim$9.3, but it is getting brighter again. Large scatter in the obtained light curve prevents us from finding whether there is any short timescale variation as reported in other optical observations. The near-infrared color of HBC 722 is becoming bluer since its outburst. The pre-outburst Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of HBC 722 is consistent with that of a slightly reddened Class II YSO with the exception of the extraordinary IR-excess in the far-infrared region.

HBC 722, A New FU Orionis-like Burst

성현일,이정은,이상각,강원석,이병철,성환경,양윤아,박근홍,전영범,이혜란 한국천문학회 2011 天文學會報 Vol.36 No.1

천문 이미지 디지털 아카이빙 시스템 개발

성현일,김순욱,배영호,최준영,Sung Hyun-Il,Kim Soon-Wook,Bae Young-Ho,Choi Joon-Young 한국천문학회 2006 天文學論叢 Vol.21 No.1

An archiving system designed to enable documenting database of astronomical images, with functions of search and download, is being developed by Korean Astronomical Data Center(KADC) of Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute(KASI). The system consists of three PCs for web server, database server, and system management server. The search program for the web environment is operated in the web server. In the management server, several utility program we developed are installed: input program for the database, program for transfer from fits to jpg files, program for data recovery and management, and programs for statistics and connect management. The collected data would be sorted out by the system manager to input into the database. The online input is possible in an observatory where the data is produced. We applied the content management system(CMS) module for the database management. On the basic of CMS module, we set up a management system for the whole life cycle of metadata from creation and collection to storage and deletion of the data. For the search function, we employed a technique to extract indices from the metadata. In addition, MySQL is adopted for DBMS. We currently display about 2,700 and 25,000 photographs for astronomical phenomena and astronomical objects on the data, respectively.

국내 천문학 논문 검색 DB 구축

성현일,김순욱,임인성,Sung, Hyun-Il,Kim, Soon-Wook,Yim, In-Sung,Sang, Jian 한국천문학회 2006 天文學論叢 Vol.21 No.2

The Korean Astronomical Data Center(KADC) in Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute(KASI) has developed a database of astronomical journals published by the Korean Astronomical Society and the Korean Space Science Society. It consists of all bibliographic records of the Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society(JKAS), Publication of the Korean Astronomical Society(PKAS), and Journal of Astronomy & Space Sciences(JASS). The KADC provides useful search functions in the search page such as search criterion of bibcode, publication date, author names, title words, or abstract words. The journal name is one of the search criterion in which more than one journal can be designated at the same time. The criterion of author name is provided bilingually: English or Korean. The abstract and full text can be downloaded as PDF files. It is also possible to search papers related to a specific research topic published in Korean astronomical journals, provided by the KADC, which often cannot be found the worldwide, Astrophysics Data System(ADS) services. The KADC will become basic infrastructure for the systematic construction of bibliographic records, and hence, make the society of Korean astronomers more interactive and collaborative.

국내 천문학논문 검색DB 구축

성현일,Jian Sang,김상철,임인성,김봉규 한국천문학회 2005 天文學會報 Vol.30 No.2

e-Science Applications in Astronomy: Astrometry Using a Virtual Observatory

성현일 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.55 No.5

We used Virtual Observatory (VO) tools to calculate proper motions in the bipolar outflow object, HH 896. One good example of an e-science application is the VO. The primary goal of the VO is to collect observed data from many telescopes and instruments and to construct a software system for managing heterogeneous data. The other is to allow transparency and to provide the ability to access data distributed throughout the world. Astrometry-oriented projects are currently developed and have been greatly enriched because of the prototype of a VO system. Astrometry is essential to calculate positional variations by using multiple observations of the same object. We used an Aladin sky atlas system of the Strasbourg astronomical Data Center (CDS) for retrieving data. The Aladin sky atlas system is the best candidate of a VO architecture system and can make searches for various kinds of data available. The bipolar outflow objects in star-forming regions are useful targets for astrometric studies. We obtained two images of HH 896 and calculated the proper motions of the bow-shocks observed in the bipolar outflow. Based on our observation and the proper motion calculation, we confirmed the energy source of the bipolar outflow of HH 896. We used Virtual Observatory (VO) tools to calculate proper motions in the bipolar outflow object, HH 896. One good example of an e-science application is the VO. The primary goal of the VO is to collect observed data from many telescopes and instruments and to construct a software system for managing heterogeneous data. The other is to allow transparency and to provide the ability to access data distributed throughout the world. Astrometry-oriented projects are currently developed and have been greatly enriched because of the prototype of a VO system. Astrometry is essential to calculate positional variations by using multiple observations of the same object. We used an Aladin sky atlas system of the Strasbourg astronomical Data Center (CDS) for retrieving data. The Aladin sky atlas system is the best candidate of a VO architecture system and can make searches for various kinds of data available. The bipolar outflow objects in star-forming regions are useful targets for astrometric studies. We obtained two images of HH 896 and calculated the proper motions of the bow-shocks observed in the bipolar outflow. Based on our observation and the proper motion calculation, we confirmed the energy source of the bipolar outflow of HH 896.