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      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        생쥐 초기 2-세포 배에서 세포 내 칼슘 농도의 변화에 $Ni^{2+}$이 미치는 영향

        숙영,이은미,인하,Yoon, Sook-Young,Lee, Eun-Mi,Bae, In-Ha 대한생식의학회 2003 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.30 No.4

        Objective: We reported the overcoming effect of $Ni^{2+}$ on the in vitro 2-cell block of mouse embryos. In this study, we aim to investigate whether $Ni^{2+}$ should induce intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ transient in the mouse embryos. Materials and Methods: Embryos were collected at post hCG 32hr from the oviduct of the ICR mouse and cultured in M2 medium omitted phenol red. Intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ was checked by using a confocal laser scanning microscope and fluo-3AM by using various intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ antagonists. Results: In 1mM $Ni^{2+}$ treated medium which contained $Ca^{2+}$(1.71mM), 75.7% of the embryos showed $[Ca^{2+}]i$ transient about 200 sec later. In the $Ca^{2+}$-free medium, 69.8% of the embryos showed $[Ca^{2+}]i$ transient. In U73122, phospholipaseC(PLC) inhibitor (5uM, 10min) pretreated group, 33.3% of the embryos showed $[Ca^{2+}]i$ transient. Heparine, inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor(IP3R) antagonist preinjected embryos showed no response with 1mM $Ni^{2+}$. In danthrolene treatment, ryanodine receptor(RyR)-antagonist, 43% embryos showed $[Ca^{2+}]i$ transient but they showed delayed response about 340sec in the presence of $Ca^{2+}$. Conclusions: Summing up the above results, $Ni^{2+}$ seems to induce $Ca^{2+}$-release from the $Ca^{2+}$-store even in the $Ca^{2+}$-free medium. IP3 receptors of the mouse 2-cell embryos might have an essential role for the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ increase by $Ni^{2+}$.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재후보

        생쥐 초기 2-세포 배의 세포내 칼슘 증가에 미치는 Acetylcholine의 영향

        숙영,강다원,인하 韓國受精卵移植學會 2005 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.20 No.3

        체외 배양 과정 중에 나타나는 생쥐 초기 2-세포 배의 "in vitro 2-cell block" 현상은 세포내 농도 변화와 밀접한 관련이 있다. 다양한 종류의 세포에서 acetylcholine은 세포막에 존재하는 muscarnic acetylcholine receptor를 통해 세포내 농도 증가를 유도한다. 본 실험에서는 생쥐 "in vitro 2-cell block" 현상에 있어서 ACh의 영향을 알아보기 위해 세포 내 농도 조절 물질을 처리한 후 Many studies have shown that the development of mouse early 2-cell embryos in vitro is related with the intracellular changes. In ICR strain mouse, the development of embryos arrests at early 2-cell stage, but the arrested early 2-cell embryos can be rescued by the addition of -related materials. Acetylcholine (ACh) increases intracellular concentration ([]i) via the mAChR-PLC-IP3 pathway in mouse oocytes. We examined whether ACh rescues 2-cell block in mouse. In early 2-cell embryos, ACh increased []i in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.001), and had an effect on rescue of 2-cell block and embryonic development. To identify the signal pathway involved in ACh-induced rescue of 2-cell block, we first applied an agonist of ACh receptor (AChR). Like ACh, carbachol increased intracellular concentration ([]i) and atropine, an antagonist of ACh receptor, blocked the ACh-induced increase. In -free medium, ACh also increased []i, indicating that increased by ACh is mainly released from the intracellular store. The ACh-induced increase was blocked by PLC inhibitor (U73122), ryanodine receptor (RyR) antagonist (dantrolene), and CaM KII inhibitor (KN-93), but not by IP3R antagonists (xestospongin C). These results show that ACh increases intracellular concentration via mAChR/PLC/RyR, and this contributes to the rescue of 2-cell block.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        초자화동결을 이용한 제 3일째 생쥐 배아의 동결보존

        숙영,손철,인하,Yoon, Sook-Young,Sohn, Cherl,Bae, In-Ha 대한생식의학회 1997 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.24 No.3

        The use of hormonal stimulation in human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) leads to increased production of embryos for ET. So to avoid high pregnancies and to allow conception in future, unstimulated cycles, cryopreservation of spare embryos is desirable. One of the improvement of cryopreservation methods is vitrification. We cryopreserved mouse day 3 embryos by vitrification using the three different vitrification solution (EFS40, VS11 and VS3a). EFS40 solution is consisted of 40% (v/v) ethylene glycol, Ficol170 30% (w/v) and 0.5M sucrose and VS11 is 6.0M ethylene glycol and 1.8M glycerol. And VS3a is 6.5M glycerol and 6% (w/v) BSA (bovine serum albumin). First we tested the toxicity of three vitrification solution by exposure to these solution during 3 min. After washing by thawing solution, the survival rates of each groups are 95.5%, 90.9% and 84.4% (EFS40, VS11 and VS3a). High percentages of them developed to expanded blastocyst and hatching embryos in culture 48hrs 94.2%, 97.7%, 100% and 97.4% (no treatment group, EFS40, VS11 and VS3a). So there is no significant differences among the each group. Second, after thawing of vitirfied embryos, the survival rates of each groups are 96.8% (slow freeze), 94.1% (EFS40), 85.5% (VS11) and 80.0% (VS3a, P vs. no freeze or EFS40 is 0.01). Vitrified embryos exhibited a high rate of development in vitro after 48hrs culture. The percentages of each group to blastocyst and hatching embryos are 88.7% (no freeze), 91.8% (slow freeze), 93.4% (EFS40), 87.7% (VS11) and 73.0% (VS3a, P vs. other group is 0.01). The results suggest that there is no significant differences in exposure of various vitrification solution and day 3 mouse embryos can be vitrified in solution EFS40 and VS11 by simple procedure.

      • KCI등재

        Control of Ca^(2+)- Influx by Ca^(2+)/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase II in the Activation of Mouse Eggs

        숙영,강다원,인하 한국발생생물학회 2011 발생과 생식 Vol.15 No.1

        Change in intracellular Ca^(2+)-concentration ([Ca^(2+)]i) is an essential event for egg activation and further development. Ca^(2+) ion is originated from intracellular Ca^(2+)-store via inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor and/or Ca^(2+) influx via Ca^(2+) channel. This study was performed to investigate whether changes in Ca^(2+)/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaM KII) activity affect Ca^(2+) influx during artificial egg activation with ethanol using Ca^(2+) monitoring system and whole-cell patch clamp technique. Under Ca^(2+) ion-omitted condition, Ca^(2+)- oscillation was stopped within 30 min post microinjection of porcine sperm factor, and ethanol-induced Ca^(2+) increase was reduced. To investigate the role of CaM KII known as an integrator of Ca^(2+)- oscillation during mammalian egg fertilization, CaM KII activity was tested with a specific inhibitor KN-93. In the eggs treated with KN-93, ethanol failed to induce egg activation. In addition, KN-93 inhibited inward Ca^(2+) current (I_(ca)) in a time-dependent manner in whole-cell configuration. Immunostaining data showed that the voltage-dependent Ca^(2+) channels were distributed along the plasma membrane of mouse egg and 2-cell embryo. From these results, we suggest that Ca^(2+) influx during fertilization might be controlled by CaM KII activity.

      • KCI등재

        동백나무(Camellia japonica) 잎 추출물의 비만세포에서의 탈과립 억제 및 염증성 사이토카인 억제효과

        용태(Yong-Tae Bae),송태임(Tae-Im Song),임채영(Chae-Young Lim),이기영(Ki-Young Lee),숙영(Sook-Young Lee) 한국인체미용예술학회 2018 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.19 No.1

        This study investigated the effects of leaf extract of Camellia japonica (LECJ) on antigen-stimulated degranulation in mast cells and its mechanism of action in cell lines. It was identified that the inhibitor activation in the examination of β-hexosaminidase, inflammatory cytokines and Syk kinase activation upon which LECJ were collected in the prime of antioxidant activity were 1/10 concentration lower than the patent published in 2007 and the paper published 2008. In the case of preparing LECJ, the inhibition of the concentration was 10 times greater than the start as reported in the existing paper published in 2007 and the patent published 2008. The effects of LECJ verified it as an effective material for cosmetic use. In the study, the antigen-stimulated activation of mast cells, the inhibition of degranulation on LECJ and its mechanism of action, LECJ exhibited an inhibitory effect on degranulation in mast cells. Also, the activation of signaling pathways in antigen-stimulated mast cells depends initially on the interaction of FceRI on the downstream activation of Syk and other tyrosine kinases. This study showed that degranulation in antigen-stimulated mast cells and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines decreased in a concentration dependent manner. These results showed that the LECJ in cell line is effective for its anti-allergic activity. In the case of LECJ, the study showed that the effects of degranulation, the effects of the expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and the directly inhibiting activation of signaling molecules such as adaptors.

      • KCI등재SCOPUS

        생쥐 배에서 Prostaglandin의 부화과정 참여여부에 관한 연구

        류지아(JA Ryu),유한기(HK Yoo),숙영(SY Yoon),인하(IH Bae) 대한산부인과학회 1997 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.40 No.5

        Most mammalian embryos implant on the uterine endometrium after hatching from zona pellucida of the expanded blastocyst and pregnancy takes place. The blastocysts produce and control a variety of prostaglandins which activate a few proteolytic enzymes that dissolve the zona pellucida of the embryos. In the present study, the goal was to investigate the indomethacin and aspirin(inhibitors of cyclooxygenase pathway which regulates the pathway from arachidonic acid to prostaglandins), which can affect the hatching and implantation of the mouse embryos by the treatment of the different dose level of indomethacin and aspirin in the culture of mouse embryos. The female and male ICR mice, 6~8 weeks and were used for superovulation and mating and M16 was used as a basic culture medium. The above results can be summarized as following: 1. Indomethacin seemed to inhibit the development of the mouse embryos and hatching process because of inhibiting or blocking the activation of hatching related enzymes and high dose of indomethacin inhibited implantation. 2. Aspirin had no effect on the hatching of the embryos at the dose of 0.16 mg/ml. 3. FBS seemed to contain a factor which induced outgrowth of the embryo whereas BSA did not and outgrowth did not take place in the BSA contained medium. 4. Blastocysts produced enough prostaglandins F2α which was needed for the hatching whereas they needed a factor for implantation which might be produced in the endometrium or exuded from the blood. In conclusion the concentration of indomethacin used in the present study inhibit hatching of the blastocysts. This seems to be caused by inhibiting the synthesis of the proteins need for hatching. The factor that induce the outgrowth of the blastocysts does not seem to be produced in the blastocysts themselves but seem to be present in the FBS.

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