임신부의 성생활 실태 및 불안에 관한 연구

박형숙 최신의학사 1985 最新醫學 Vol.28 No.6

Styrene 및 Styrene-oxide가 송사리 알의 초기발생 과정에 미치는 독성 : Oryzias latipes

박형숙,안혜원 한국환경독성학회 2000 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Toxic lesions of styrene in the Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) were compared with those of styrene oxide, the active metabolite of styrene, using embryo-larval assays. The developmental stages of Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) treated with both chemicals were not altered and progressed normally. However, styrene oxide was more toxic than styrene in terms of causing death and lesions. High concentrations of styrene (higher than 4.9 ppm) and styrene oxide (higher than 2.4 ppm), resulting in more than 50% mortality, caused similar lesions of cardiovascular system, craniofacial bone formation and spinal deformities, although a number of lesions were not observed by both chemicals. In the group treated with styrene, eyeball sizes and intereye distances were reduced, while, in the group treated with styrene oxide, the eyes and eye cups were not developed and two eyes were sometimes fused. In addition, styrene oxide caused the lesion which involved the posterior brain and brain stem were herniated through the spinal cord. The noticeable difference of toxic symptoms between these two chemicals was the time of onset. Toxicities of cardiovascular system and craniofacial bone formation appeared on day 3 of development in styrene oxide treated group, but, styrene treated group stared to show hemorrhages on day 3 and the craniofacial malformation were appeared on day 5. These differences between two chemicals may be due to the metabolism of styrene to styrene oxide, the reactive intermediate.

말기암환자의 섬망으로 인한 진정제 투약과 생존기간에 관한 후향적 코호트 연구

박형숙,김대숙,배은희,김정림,서정화,윤정미,Park, Hyoung Sook,Kim, Dae Sook,Bae, Eun Hee,Kim, Jung Rim,Seo, Jung Hwa,Yun, Jung Mi 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2016 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.19 No.2

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 섬망이 있는 말기암환자에 있어 진정제의 투약 투약 관련 특성을 파악하고, 진정제 투약군과 비투약군 간의 생존기간의 차이를 확인하기 위함이다. 방법: 본 연구는 2012년 1월부터 2013년 12월까지 B 광역시 소재 P대학교병원에서 응급실과 수술실, 중환자실을 제외한 병동에서 임종한 암환자 900명 중 경과기록지, 간호기록지를 통해 섬망선별 도구인 Nu-DESC를 이용하여 섬망이 있었던 말기암환자 240명을 대상자로 선정하였다. 투약기록지를 통해 진정제인 haloperidol, diazepam, lorazepam을 정맥 또는 근육주사로 규칙적이거나 필요 시 투여한 횟수를 조사하였다. 결과: 연구 대상자의 섬망기간은 최소 1일에서 최대 61일까지 나타났고, 중앙값은 5일이었다. 연구 대상자에게서 나타난 섬망 특성은 부적절한 행동이 35.0%로 가장 많았다. 연구 대상자의 연령(F=3.96, P=0.021), 원발암의 종류(F=3.31, P=0.010), 항암치료 여부(t=-3.44, P=0.001)에 따른 섬망기간이 유의한 차이가 있었다. 연구 대상자가 진정제를 복용한 경우는 72.1%이었고, 투약된 진정제의 종류는 haloperidol이 59.6%로 가장 많았다. 진정제 투약군의 생존기간은 평균 16.85일, 비투약군은 9.37일로 나타났으나 이는 통계적으로 유의하지는 않아(t=1.766, P=0.079) 진정제 투약이 생존기간에 영향을 미치지는 않았다. 결론: 말기암환자의 섬망 발생 시 진정제 투약이 생존기간에 미치지 않았다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 생명단축의 윤리적 문제로 인해 진정제 사용을 꺼려하기 보다는 증상완화를 위한 진정제 치료를 적극적으로 권유할 수 있다. 또한 섬망은 가족이나 의료진과의 의사소통 장애를 유발할 뿐 아니라 환자나 가족들에게 스트레스로 작용하며 돌봄에 대한 부담감을 가중시키므로, 적절한 진정제의 투여는 말기암환자와 가족의 안위를 위해 적극적으로 추천하는 바이다. Purpose: This study analyzed the difference in survival time of patients with delirium according to sedative medication. Methods: From January 2012 through December 2013, a retrospective cohort study was performed using the electronic medical records (EMR) of Pusan National University Hospital. Among 900 patients who died from cancer, we selected 240 who suffered delirium based on the EMR. The Nu-DESC delirium screening test was used to diagnose delirium. Results: The median length of delirium period was five days. Delirium characteristics were dominated by inappropriate behaviors (35.0%). Sedatives were administered in 72.1% of the cases. The most frequently used sedative was haloperidol which was used in 59.6% of cases. The delirium period significantly differed by patients' age (F=3.96, P=0.021), cancer type (F=3.31, P=0.010), chemotherapy (t=-3.44 P=0.001). The average survival time was 16.85 days for the sedative medication group and 9.37 days for the non-medication group, which, however, was not significant (t=1.766, P=0.079). Conclusion: In this study, the use of sedatives did not affect patients' survival time. Thus, appropriate sedative medication can be positively recommended to comfort terminal cancer patients and their families.

쉼터 노숙자의 건강상태에 관한 연구

박형숙,여순자 지역사회간호학회 2004 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.15 No.4

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the physical and psychological health status of the homeless in shelters, and to suggest the basic data for caring them. Method: Study subjects were 153homeless people who were registered in the shelters of Dong-gu, Busan, between September 1st, 2003and March 15th, 2004. Data on their physical health status were collected by measuring weight and height (BMI), taking X-rays (tuberculosis), testing blood (syphilis, glucose, HBsAb and HBsAb). Psychological health status was measured with Rosenberg's self-esteem scale and Beck's depression scale. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, χ²-test, t-test or F-test using SPSS (Win10.0). at α=0.05, two tailed test. Results: Mean age was 42.8 years old, high school graduated was 43.8%, and 60.8%didn't have medical benefits. Singles were 47.7%, 34.7% had bad family relationships and 39.2% hoped to live with family. 96.1% had a normal in chest X-ray test, and 96.1% had negative syphilis test92.2% were negative for hepatitis antigen, 51.0% were antibody, 25.5% had hypertension, and 60.8%had a normal BMI test, and 84.3% had a normal blood sugar test. 39.2% were severely depressed, and 75.8% had a normal self-esteem level.

고혈압조절 교육프로그램이 혈압하강, 생리지수, 자가간호 및 자기효능감에 미치는 효과

박형숙,이윤미,강현주,최연옥,배은숙 노인간호학회 2002 노인간호학회지 Vol.4 No.1

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an education program for regulating hypertension on blood pressure, self-care and self-efficacy in patients with hypertension. The study design was a nonequivalent control group pre-post design. Data were collected from March 12 to June 19, 2001. Sixty-eight participants were included, 41 in the experimental group and 27 in the control group. The collected data were analyzed using the chi-square test and t-test with the SPSS WIN program. The experimental group had lower levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to the control group. Physiological parameters were not significantly different for the two groups. The experimental group had higher mean self-care score and higher mean self-efficacy score than the control group. In conclusion, the study found that an education program for regulating hypertension decreases blood pressure and increases self-care and self-efficacy. Further study with a longitudinal design is suggested to verify the effects of this type of education program and to standardize the education program.

투약에 대한 흥미도와 약물계산역량 간의 관계에서 약물계산자신감의 매개효과: Kolb의 학습양식유형을 적용하여

박형숙,조규영,김동희,김상희,김명수 기초간호학회 2013 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.15 No.4

투약역량이란 환자에게 안전한 투약을 적용할 수 있는 능력으로 간호 대학생이 졸업하게 되면 즉시 갖추어 주기를 기대하는 역량 중 중요한 부분이다(Wright, 2007). 투약 전 환자에 대한 사정, 투약적용, 약물교육, 약물효과에 대한 관찰과 평가 등 투약과정 동안의 모든 업무와 관련된 역량을 말하는 것으로(Sulosaari, Kajander, Hupli, Huupponen, & Leino-Kilpi, 2012), 그 하위범주에는 이론적 역량, 의사결정역량, 실무적 역량으로 세분화될 수 있다(Sulosaari, Suhonen, & Leino-Kilpi, 2011). 즉, 투약역량은 해부, 생리, 약리학적 지식을 포함한 수학적(계산적) 역량과 같은 이론적 지식을 갖추고(King, 2004), 대상자에 대한 정보를 탐색하고 사정 및 평가를 하여 투약을 적용할 수 있는 의사결정역량(Manias & Bullock, 2002) 또한 겸비하며, 실제에서 의사소통과 협력을 이루어 정확한 투약을 시행하는 실무적 역량을 갖추는 것이라고 하였다(Sulosaari et al., 2011). 임상에서 발생하는 많은 투약 관련 오류 중에는 용량계산과 관련된 경우의 빈도가 높다고 보고되면서(Aspden, Wolcott, Bootman, & Cronenwett, 2007) 몇몇 연구자들은 간호사에게 약물계산역량이 가장 요구되는 능력이라 언급하기도 한다(Wright, 2007). 예컨대, 간호사나 간호대학생의 약물지식부족이나 정련화된 약물교육방법의 부재(Latter, Rycroft-Malone, Yerrell, & Shaw, 2001)에 대해서보다 약물계산역량의 부족(Grandell-Niemi, Hupli, Puukka, & Leino-Kilpi, 2006; McMullan, Jones, & Lea, 2011)과 관련된 연구가 오랫동안 계속되어 오는 것도 약물계산역량이 이론적, 실무적, 의사결정역량 모두에 기저하는 내용이 될 수 있기 때문이다.

중년여성의 보완대체요법 이용양상에 따른 갱년기 증상에 관한 연구

박형숙,김영희,이윤미 기초간호학회 2006 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.8 No.1

6가 크롬의 환원과 발암

박형숙 한국환경독성학회 2003 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Cr(Ⅵ)-containing compounds are well-established carcinogens, although the mechanism for chromium-induced carcinogenesis is still not well understood. The reduction of Cr(Ⅵ) to its lower oxidation states, particularly Cr(Ⅴ) and Cr(Ⅳ), is an important step for the production of chromium-mediated reactive oxygen species(ROS). The persistent oxidative stress during the reduction process may play a key role in the mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ)-induced carcinogenesis. This paper summarizes recent studies on (Ⅰ) the reuction of Cr(Ⅵ) to Cr(Ⅲ) occur by a multiplicity of mechanisms depending on the nature of reducing agents including ascorbate, diol-and thiol-containing molecules, certain flavoenzymes, cell orgenells, intact cells, and whole animals; (2) free-radical production with emphasis on hydroxy radical generation via Fenton or Haber-Weiss type reactions; and (3) free radical-induced cellular damage, such as DNA stand breaks, hydroxylation of 2´-deoxyguanosine, and activation of nuclear transcription factor κB.

천일염으로부터 고호염균의 분리 및 동정

박형숙,정명주 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.6

An Extremely halophilic bacterium was isolated from solar salts. The isolated strain was Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, and motile bacterium. The colony was circular, smooth, and red-orange color. The strain showed pleomorphism depending on magnesium ion concentrations. The range of temperature and pH for growth of the isolate were 35 -45$\circ$C and 7.0 - 9.0. NaCl concentration for growth of it was 4.3 - 5.0 M. The isolate was catalase and oxidase positive, and sensitive to bacitracin. It showed starch hydrolyzing and acid forming characteristics. DNA G+C content was 62.7 mol%. The morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the isolate resembled those of the Haloarcula vallismortis, therefore it was identified as Haloarcula sp. EH-1.

FFT를 이용한 QAM신호의 주파수 획득에 관한 연구 ( A Study on the Frequency Acquisition of QAM Signal by Using FFT )

박형숙,박문수,김철성 대한전자공학회 1990 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1990 No.11