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아시아 전통사상과 신경제사고 – 북한경제개혁에의 시사점 추론을 위한 시론적 접근
박제훈 한국비교경제학회 2019 비교경제연구 Vol.26 No.2
본 논문은 아시아전통사상 그중에서도 유교가 가지는 북한 경제개혁에의 시사점을도출하는 실험적 연구이다. 보다 구체적으로는 북한의 비핵화와 경제개혁 및 개방의향후 전망의 기초로서 북한의 주체사상의 변화 또는 변형 가능성을 분석하기 위한 시론적 접근으로서 유교가 가지는 북한의 수령절대주의와 세습체제에 가지는 의미를 추론해 본다. 이상의 분석은 기본적으로 마르크스의 유물사관에서 이야기하는 상부구조즉 의식, 사상 및 이념 등이 북한 체제구축에 관건적 역할을 했다는 인식에 기초한다. 반면 유물사관의 또 다른 축인 토대 즉 생산력과 생산관계의 변화를 파악하는 것도필수적이다. 이를 위해 2장에서 먼저 북한경제개혁의 역사를 간략히 정리해 보고 김정은 집권 이후 북한경제의 변화 특히 소위 “새 경제”라 불리기도 하는 북한의 시장화현상을 분석하고 북한 체제변화전망에의 함의를 살펴본다. 3장은 향후 북한 경제개혁에의 모델이 될 수 있는 중국, 베트남과의 비교를 주로 상부구조 특히 유교의 영향력의 비교를 통해 북한 경제개혁의 특수성을 살펴본다. 4장은 이상의 논의를 요약하고향후 연구 과제를 제시한다. 수령절대주의의 사상강국과 핵무력의 군사강국을 완성했다고 공언하는 북한이 나머지 남은 과제인 경제강국 건설을 위해 사상과 핵을 포기할지는 미지수이다. 김정은의 경제건설 집중전략이나 경제우선주의 노선이 주체사상의부분적 변형이나 수정을 허용할지 그리고 허용한다면 어느 정도까지 허용할지가 성공의 관건이 될 것이다. 이러한 사상의 수정이 핵 포기의 전제조건이 될 것이다 This paper is an experimental study to draw implications for North Korean economic reform of Confucianism. More specifically, it deduces the significance of Confucianism to the leader absolutism and hereditary system of North Korea as a theoretical approach to analyzing the possibility of North Korea's denuclearization, change and transformation of Juche ideology as a basis for future prospects of economic reform and opening. The analysis is basically based on the recognition that the superstructures, namely, consciousness, ideology, and ideology, spoken in Marx's historical materialism, played a key role in the construction of the regime. On the other hand, it is also essential to understand the base, which is another axis of historical materialism, that is the change in productive forces and production relations. To this end, Chapter 2 briefly summarizes the history of North Korea's economic reforms, analyzes the changes in the North Korean economy since Kim Jong-un took office, especially the so-called “new economy,” and examines its implications for the North Korean regime change. Chapter 3 examines the specificity of North Korea's economic reform by comparing its influence from the superstructure, especially Confucianism, in comparison with China and Vietnam, which can be a model for future economic reform. Chapter 4 summarizes the above discussion and presents future research tasks. It is unknown whether North Korea, which professed to have completed an absolute ideology of leader absolutism and a military power of nuclear force, will give up its ideology and nuclear weapons to build its economic power. The key to success will be whether Kim Jong-un's centralized strategy of economic construction or economic-priority line permits partial transformation or modification of the Juche ideology and, if so, to what extent. This change of thought will be a prerequisite for nuclear abandonment.
북한경제체제의 변화 전망 : 체제동학적 연구 A System Dynamics Approach
박제훈 한국비교경제학회 2002 비교경제연구 Vol.9 No.1
The Study suggests a model of system dynamics which are composed of the system performance model and the system change model. These two models are separately applied for the case of North Korea. There can be four combinations of views on North Korea. The first one is the positive evaluation on the performance of the North Korean economy combined by the negative position about the possibility of system change. This is the official position of the North Korean government. The second one is the positive evalution on the performance of the North Korean economy combined by the acknowledgement of the possibility of system change. This is the official position of the South Korean government. The third one is the negative evaluation on the performance of the North Korean ecnonmy combined by the acknowledgement of the possibility of system change. This could be the informal position of the South Korean government. The last one is the negative evaluation on the performance of the North Korean economy combined by the negative position about the possibility of system change. This could be the position of the West. The policy implications are as follows. Firstly, the fact findings about the North Korean economy should be preceded. Secondly, the prospects of North Korean changes should be based on the concrete domestic system-related policy changes supported by ideological justifications, not on the changes of image of the leader or the foreign policy. Thirdly, our policy toward North Korea should be focused on the changes of utility function of North Korean people, instead of their leader.
Dexmedetomidine Oral Mucosa Patch for Sedation Suppresses Apoptosis in Hippocampus of Normal Rats
박제훈,고일규,김성은,진준장,황락경,김창주,윤수환,홍종기,정준영,이덕원 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2017 International Neurourology Journal Vol.21 No.S1
Purpose: Dexmedetomidine, an α2-adrenergic agonist, provides sedative and analgesic effects without significant respiratory depression. Dexmedetomidine has been suggested to have an antiapoptotic effect in response to various brain insults. We developed an oral mucosa patch using dexmedetomidine for sedation. The effects of the dexmedetomidine oral mucosa patch on cell proliferation and apoptosis in the hippocampus were evaluated. Methods: A hydrogel oral mucosa patch was adhered onto the oral cavity of physiologically normal rats, and was attached for 2 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, or 24 hours. Plasma dexmedetomidine concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography– electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry–multiple-ion reaction monitoring (LC-ESI-MS/MS-MRM). Cell proliferation in the hippocampus was detected by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. Caspase-3 immunohistochemistry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining, and Western blotting for Bax and Bcl-2 were performed to detect hippocampal apoptosis. The levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) in the hippocampus were also measured by Western blotting. Results: Plasma dexmedetomidine concentration increased according to the attachment time of the dexmedetomidine oral mucosa patch. Hippocampal cell proliferation did not change due to the dexmedetomidine oral mucosa patch, and the dexmedetomidine oral mucosa patch exerted no significant effect on BDNF or TrkB expression. In contrast, the dexmedetomidine oral mucosa patch exerted an antiapoptotic effect depending on the attachment time of the dexmedetomidine oral mucosa patch. Conclusions: A dexmedetomidine oral mucosa patch can be used as a convenient tool for sedation, and is of therapeutic value due to its antiapoptotic effects under normal conditions.