자궁내막증이 동반된 Mayer-Rokitansky-$K{\ddot{u}}ster$-Hauser 증후군의 수술적 치료경험 1례

박정열,김정훈,강천식,이지영,박소연,김성훈,채희동,강병문,Park, Jeong-Yeol,Kim, Chung-Hoon,Kang, Cheon-Sik,Lee, Ji-Young,Park, So-Youn,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Chae, Hee-Dong,Kang, Byung-Moon 대한생식의학회 2003 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.30 No.2

The Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome refers to a condition which presents as normal female secondary sex characteristics, normal external genitalia, congenital absence of the internal vagina, usually a rudimentary uterus in the form of bilateral noncanaliculated muscular buds, and normal tubes and ovaries with normal cytogenetic and endocrine evaluation, frequent association of renal, skeletal and other congenital anomalies. However, rarely, whole uterus or a segment of uterus may be present, but lacking a conduit to the introitus. If a partial endometial cavity is present in a segment of uterus, cyclic abdominal pain may be a complaint and furthermore endometiosis can be developed. Recently, we experienced a case of MRKH syndrome with the segments of uterus accompanying endometriosis in young woman. We present this case with a brief review of literatures.

Is it time to change surgery for early-stage low-risk cervical cancer to simple hysterectomy?

박정열 대한부인종양학회 2024 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.35 No.2

Radical hysterectomy has long been a standard surgical procedure for early-stage cer vicalcancer. About 80% of early-stage cer vical cancer can be treated with radical hysterectomy,and the sur vival rate after radical hysterectomy is approximately 80% or more [1]. However,since urinar y dysfunction and defecation dysfunction occur in around 40% of patientsafter radical hysterectomy, a decrease in quality of life has long been a problem [2]. Tocomplement this, a ner ve-sparing radical hysterectomy procedure has been proposed, butalthough this is a ver y reasonable surgical procedure in theor y, it is not yet clear whether ithelps reduce morbidity and quality of life [3]. Another method is to find a low-risk groupin which the risk of parametrial metastasis is negligible and sufficient tumor-free resectionmargin can be secured with simple hysterectomy and to omit parametrectomy [4]. Studiescomparing simple hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy have been discouraged due toconcerns about the decrease in sur vival rate that will occur if parametrectomy is omittedin cer vical cancer. The SHAPE trial was the first prospective randomized controlled trialcomparing simple hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy in low-risk early-stage cer vicalcancer, and demonstrated that simple hysterectomy was non-inferior to radical hysterectomyin terms of pelvic recurrence rate at 3 years [5]. In the SHAPE trial, pelvic relapse free sur vival was initially the primar y endpoint, but due toinsufficient event occurrence, it was changed to pelvic recurrence rate at 3 years. The pelvicrecurrence rate was shown to be non-inferior, but in fact, exptrapelvic recurrence and overallrecurrence were more frequent in the simple hysterectomy group, and deaths due to cer vicalcancer were also more frequent in the simple hysterectomy group even though positive lymphnode, positive resection margin and positive parametrium were more in radical hysterectomygroup. The total recurrence rate including pelvic and exprapelvic recurrence after simplehysterectomy was 4.3% in SHAPE trial. In ConCer v trial that included patients with negativeresection margin after loop electrosurgical excision procedure or conization, the totalrecurrence rate was 3.5% after simple hysterectomy in low-risk early-stage cer vical cancer[6]. The total recurrence rate was 2.9% after radical hysterectomy in SHAPE trial. It was 0.7%in all stage IB1 cer vical cancer after open radical hysterectomy in LACC trial [7]. Many studygroups are expected to conduct follow-up studies evaluating less radical surger y in the future,and exptrapelvic recurrence should also be included as a primar y endpoint. The definition of low-risk early-stage cer vical cancer is same with the definition of low-risk disease for parametrial involvement. These criteria var y somewhat among studies, butinclude usual type histology (squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and adenosqumous carcinoma), tumor <2 cm, depth of invasion <10 mm, negative lymphovascular spaceinvasion, and negative lymph node metastasis [4]. In the ConCer v trial, adenocarcinoma waslimited to grade 1 and 2 [6]. In the SHPAE trial, cases with invasion depth of less than 50%on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were also included. Instead, lymphovascular spaceinvasion was not considered in the SHPAE trial. In fact, it is inaccurate to diagnose low-riskdisease using these conditions before surger y. It is difficult to accurately measure tumorsize and lymphvascular space invasion before surger y, and diagnosing stromal invasiondepth with MRI is also ver y inaccurate. In SHAPE trial, parametrial involvement was notedin 1.7% of patients after radical hysterectomy, but no one had parametrial involvement insimple hysterectomy. The parametrial involvement might be missed in simple hysterectomygroup because parametrectomy was not performed. To diagnose low-risk early-stage cer vicalcancer, more accurate method is needed. The SHAPE trial did not clearly specif y ...

직장인의 일에 대한 재미지각척도 개발 및 구성타당도 검증

박정열,손영미,김정운 한국문화및사회문제심리학회 2011 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제 Vol.17 No.2

This study was to develop the fun perception scale measuring what conditions employees experience fun feeling in work and to examine the construct validity of it. For this, the pre-studies(open-ended questionnaire, in-depth interviews, literature survey, pre-survey) were conducted to develop the preliminary questions of fun scale. In main study, 250 employees(male: 125, female, 125) were responded to a questionnaire consisted of 40 questions of fun perception scale extracted by pre-studies. The results were as follow. First, through the item analysis, factor analysis and reliability analysis, 7 factors composed of 29 items were extracted: ‘self-determination’, ‘extrinsic reward’, ‘goal achievement’, ‘pleasure in the process’, ‘contribution to the company’, ‘worthless’, ‘challenge’. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of each factor was suitable. Secondly, EFA was conducted to test the construct validity of fun scale with AMOS 16.0. Several goodness of fit indexes were used to assess model fit: X2/df, TLI, CFI, RMSEA. The results were revealed that all the indexes were acceptable with no additional modification. Based on these findings, the theoretical and the practical implications of fun perception scale were discussed. 본 연구는 직장인들이 일의 상황에서 재미를 느끼는 요인을 측정하는 척도인 재미지각척도를 개발하고, 그것의 구성타당도를 검증하기 위해 실시되었다. 이를 위해 먼저, 문헌연구, 심층면접, 개방형설문, 사전조사 등의 예비연구를 통해 40개의 재미지각척도 예비문항을 개발하였다. 본 조사는 직장인 250명(남: 125명, 여: 125명)을 대상으로 실시되었으며, 그 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 문항분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석 결과, 전체 29문항으로 구성된 7개의 요인이 추출되었는 바, 자기결정성, 외적 보상, 목표의식, 과정의 즐거움, 회사기여, 무가치성, 도전성이 그것이다. 각 요인의 내적일관성 수준도 유의미하게 높게 나왔다. 다음으로, 척도의 구성타당도 검증을 위해 AMOS 16.0을 활용하여 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 모든 적합도지수(X2/df, TLI, CFI, RMSEA)가 유의미하게 수용적인 것으로 나타나, 구성타당도가 높음을 보여주고 있다. 이상의 결과를 토대로, 재미지각척도가 갖는 의의와 후속 연구에 대한 제언에 대하여 논의하였다.

Generating Multilingual Text

박정열 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2007 언어연구 Vol.24 No.1

This paper explores a multilingual generation system in the context of machine translation. France Télécom's third-generation rule-based machine translation engine use semantic graphs as an interlingual representation. We show the detailed working process from an interlingual semantic representation to generating multilingual text as a target language: generating proto-trees (quasi-syntactic trees) from a semantic representation, generating unordered syntactic trees from proto-trees, word ordering, and ranking in generated text. We propose a robustness test which we refer to as a transparency test to verify not only the generativity of our system but also the expressivity of the interlingual semantic representation.

Safety of fertility-sparing surgery for stage I ovarian clear cell carcinoma

박정열 대한부인종양학회 2017 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.28 No.6

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Comments on: Fertility-sparing treatment for intramucous, moderately differentiated, endometrioid endometrial cancer: a Gynecologic Cancer Inter-Group (GCIG) study

박정열 대한부인종양학회 2020 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.31 No.6

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Cultural Awareness in Movies and Language Learning: EFL Learners’ Perspective

박정열 한국문화산업학회 2019 문화산업연구 Vol.19 No.4

This article presents the results of study conducted among the International Business Management students of a Korean university. It attempted to show the perceptions of the learners in terms of the effect of movies in the understanding culture and language learning. In order to achieve this, two qualitative data gathering procedures were employed: a ten-item open ended questionnaire and a focus group discussion with the same respondents in order to validate the responses they indicated in the questionnaire. The respondents were composed of 41 Korean students and 19 International students coming from various countries as South Africa, Nepal, The Philippines, among others. As this is a perceptions study, results of the study are presented in to, or as they have been written by the respondents and have caused difficulty in interpretation due to the language mistakes. This lends authenticity reporting actual respondents’ perceptions. Results indicated that the respondents see movies to have a positive impact on their language learning, while indicating other benefits. In addition, the study provides information into respondents’ preferences in movies and films, their perceptions on the differences and similarities between the movies in their own language and their foreign counterparts. This study has the limits of research because there is the necessity of supplementary samples. However, this study will provide the practical information pool that would aid teachers in effective activities incorporating movies in language learning.

Pelvic sentinel lymph node mapping in uterine & ovarian cancer

박정열 대한산부인과학회 2021 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.107 No.-

A Study on the Utilization of Existing Innovation Information to the Improvement of Korea’s National Innovation System (NIS)

박정열 한국물류학회 2022 물류학회지 Vol.32 No.3

The main aim of the study is to show how existing innovation studies have helped in the widespread of information needed to give better improvement for Korea’s national innovation system (NIS). Korea was selected as the study’s backdrop since it is very successful nations in building a NIS. We chose various papers published in two major innovation journals (the Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society (J-KOTIS) and the Journal of Technology Innovation (JTI)) in Korea and assessed the essential subjects of these articles from the viewpoint of NIS research using a systematic review technique. Overall, We discovered that this study aided in the establishment of a knowledge foundation required for the growth of the NIS in Korea. The finding showed that the focus of the research worked from designing the NIS to implementing it for a long time. The industrial areas that sectoral innovation systems (SIS) were given attention to changing with Korea’s economic progress all the time as a subsystem of the NIS. This research adds to the sector of innovation studies by providing a complete picture of findings from NIS studies in Korea’s innovation literature, as well as a theoretical framework for organizing it. The NIS has been regarded as a useful instrument for comparing and measuring creative performance and economic outcomes, and this work adds to our understanding of it.

시간제 여성 임금근로자의 일과 삶의 균형 유형에 따른 시간 사용과 심리적 특성

박정열,손영미,오세숙 여가문화학회 2014 여가학연구 Vol.12 No.1

This study grasped current conditions of the balance of work and life of part-time female paid workers and tried the typology by using the 2009 Korean Time Survey. It was found that part-time female paid workers used an average of 334.1 minutes for work, 206.0 minutes for family, 134.4 minutes for leisure, and 20.0 minutes for growth per day. On the basis of times used in each area of work and life, it was classified into growth-oriented type, leisure-family parallel type, work-oriented type, family-oriented type. Psychological characteristics were compared by type. The work-oriented type women experienced feelings of lack of time and fatigue the most. The characteristics of part-time female paid workers were compared with those of full-time female paid workers. The results showed part-time female paid workers spent more time with their family and leisure activities than full-time female paid workers whereas full-time female paid workers spent more time in working. Futhermore full-time female paid workers felt more fatigue and a shortage of time than part-time female paid workers. 본 연구는 2009년 생활시간조사 자료를 사용하여 시간제 여성 임금근로자의 일과 삶의 균형 현황을 파악하고 이를 통해 유형화를 시도하였다. 시간제 여성 임금근로자들은 일, 가족, 여가, 성장과 관련한 활동에 각각 하루 평균 334.1분, 206.0분, 134.4분, 20.0분을 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 일과 삶의 각 영역에서 사용한 시간 사용량을 바탕으로 유형화를 실시한 결과, 성장중심형, 여가-가족병행형, 일중심형, 가족중심형 등 4개의 유형으로 분류되었다. 유형화를 바탕으로 각 유형에 속하는 사람들의 인구통계학적 특성과 심리적 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 유형별 심리적 특성을 살펴보면, 일중심형이 타 유형에 비해 시간부족감과 피로감을 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 시간제 여성 임금근로자들의 특성을 보다 명확하게 이해하기 위하여 전일제 여성 임금근로자들과의 비교를 실시하였다. 시간제 여성 임금근로자들은 전일제 여성 임금근로자들보다 가족 및 여가와 관련한 활동시간의 비율이 더 높았다. 반면 전일제 여성 임금근로자들은 일과 관련한 활동 시간의 비율이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 전일제 여성 임금근로자들은 시간제 여성 임금근로자들보다 시간부족감과 피로감을 더 많이 느끼는 것으로 나타났다.