표고 신품종 풍년고의 배양 특성

박영애,박원철,구창덕,이봉훈,Park, Young-Ae,Bak, Won-Chull,Koo, Chang-Duck,Lee, Bong-Hun 한국균학회 2015 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.43 No.1

본 연구에서는 KFRI 490의 이핵 균사와 KFRI 536의 일핵 균사를 Di-mon 교잡을 시도하여 새로운 품종을 개발하였다. 품종명을 풍년고라 명명하였고, 생리적 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 풍년고의 최적 균사 생장 온도는 $25^{\circ}C$이었고, 균사 밀도는 성김이었으며, 균총 색깔은 무색이고 피막은 형성되지 않았다. 배양 7일째 풍년고가 56.6 mm로 산림4의 52.9 mm보다 cellulase 활성이 높았고, 배양 5일째 laccase 활성 또한 풍년고 58.0 mm로 산림4호의 55.6 mm보다 높았다. 톱밥배지의 배양 전 pH는 4.7~5.5였고, 120일 배양이 완료되고 발생 직전의 pH는 3.7~3.9로 낮아졌다. 톱밥 배지의 $CO_2$ 변화는 60일 배양에서 가장 컸으며, 봉지 안의 배지 $CO_2$ 농도는 3.90~4.67%이었다. In this study, a new cultivar of Lentinula edodes was bred from dikaryotic KFRI 490 and monokaryotic KFRI 536 by Di-mon method. The new breed was named "Poongnyunko" and physiological characteristics was investigated. Its optimal growing temperature was $25^{\circ}C$, and it had thin density. Its colony was colorless and did not form any epithelium. On the $7^{th}$ day of mycelial growth, "Poongnyunko" was 56.6 mm, and showed higher cellulase activity compared with "Sanlim 4-ho"(52.9 mm). On the $5^{th}$ day of mycelial growth, "Poongnyunko" was 58.0 mm, and showed higher laccase activity compared with "Sanlim 4-ho" (55.6 mm). Its pH at a substrate was 6.0. Before cultivation, the pH of sawdust substrate was 4.7-5.5 went down to 3.7-3.9 after 120-day cultivation. After 60 days of cultivation, the change of $CO_2$ was the greatest. During the cultivation, $CO_2$ concentration in a growing bag was 4.67% to 3.90%.

어머니가 지각하는 자녀의 놀이 현황 및 지원 기대 분석

박영애 ( Young Yae Park ),김리진 ( Lee Jin Kim ) 한국놀이치료학회 2012 한국놀이치료학회지(놀이치료연구) Vol.15 No.2

본 연구는 자녀의 발달과정에서 놀이의 중요성을 이해하고 적절히 활용, 지원하는 어머니의 역량을 강화하기 위한 교육·상담프로그램 개발 작업의 일환으로, 아동 놀이에 대한 어머니의 기본인식조사에 이어, 놀이시간과 장소 및 놀이모습, 놀이 저해요인 및 지원요소에 대한 어머니 인식과 기대를 살펴봄으로써 아동 놀이의 지원 방향과 방법에 대한 기초정보를 얻고자 하였다. 질문지가 사용되었으며, 대전광역시 거주 어머니 484명의 자료가 분석되었다. 어머니가 기대하는 자녀 놀이시간은 실제 놀이시간 보다 적었고, 바라는 놀이장소와 실제장소는 둘 다 ``인근운동장 및 공원``이 가장 많았다. 기대하는 놀이종류에서는 신체놀이가 최다, 인지놀이가 최소로, 실제 놀이에서는 인지놀이가 최다, 신체놀이가 최소로 나왔다. 기대하는 놀이형태로는 혼자놀이가 함께놀이의 2배, 동적놀이가 정적놀이의 1.4배였으나, 실제에서는 혼자놀이가 4.8배, 정적놀이가 6.5배로 나왔다. 놀이 방해요인은 시간부족, 공간부족, 정보부족의 순으로, 부모가 함께 놀아주기 어려운 이유는 시간부족, 놀이지식·정보부족, 공간부족의 순으로 나왔다. 형제자매 또는 부모가 함께 해줄 수 있는 놀이의 제공, 놀이관련 정보제공, 놀이프로그램 개발·지원 등이 지원적 요소들로 꼽혔다. 안전한 놀이환경, 다양한 놀이프로그램, 사회성 향상 및 창의·도전역량 개발 등에 초점을 둔 놀이활동의 제공이 시급한 것으로 지적되었다. The purpose of this study was to understand maternal perceptions of children`s actual and ideal play in terms of time, place, kinds and forms of play, factors hindering play, and maternal expectations regarding support. Questionnaires from 484 mothers in Daejeon, Korea were collected and analyzed. Our results indicated that the amount of ideal play time was less than the actual time. The most favored place of play was a ``nearby playground or park``. In terms of the mother-perceived types and forms of play, there were discrepancies between the ideal and the actual: Physical play comprised the largest part of ideal play, whereas cognitive play comprised that of the actual play itself. Solitary play and sedate play appeared strikingly more than accompanied play and dynamic play appeared in the actual play. In terms of factors hindering child`s play and parent`s play facilitation, lack of time, space, and knowledge/information were the most significant. The mother playing with her child required the most information, and play activities/programs were the next areas requiring the most information. Sibling play activities were the most expected of all activities. The most urgent forms of support included the provision of a safe play environment and varied play programs. Play activities/programs were expected to focus on a child`s social skills the most, with creativity and creating a sense of challenge being next in line.

신생아 제대관리방법에 따른 제대탈락 시기와 제대주위 피부상태 비교

박영애,김동연,최문진,박호란,Park Young Ae,Kim Dong Yeon,Choi Mun Jin,Park Ho Ran 한국아동간호학회 2000 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.6 No.2

The purpose of this study was to confirm the efficient umbilical cord care of healthy newborns in nursery. In order to determine the efficient care, the time of umbilical cord separation and the skin condition of periumbilical area were evaluated. The data were collected in sample of 529 normal, healthy newborns of C hospital in Seoul, from September 1st, 1999 to January 16th, 2000. The babies were randomly selected and allocated into four groups-alcohol swab/tub bath, alcohol swab/partial bath, natural dry/tub bath, natural dry/partial bath- by the methods of care. The mothers of babies were also surveyed by questionnaire about general characteristics. The data were analyzed by SAS program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The average gestation period of newborns was 39+3 weeks. The average birth weight was 3.27Kg. In gender of babies, boys were 51.7% and girls were 48.3%. The 65% of newborns were born normal vaginal delivery, 35% were C-section. The feeding methods were 55.3% of the babies fed by mixed type, 22.9% by breast, and 21.8% by bottle. There was no significance among four groups by general characteristics. 2. The average time of umbilical cord separation was 8.27 days(SD=2.3). The time was no difference significantly among four groups(F=1.68, P=0.17). 3. The prevalence of the umbilical care complication did not show differences among four groups( 2=3.93, P=0.27). In conclusion, Nurses have preferred the traditional alcohol swab/partial bath method in care of newborns. But there was no difference among the ways to take care of umbilicus according to this study. The way to naturally is more efficient due to reduce the time and expense in umbilical care for normal babies of nursery. This also matched the change in approach to healthy population from intervention to nonintervention way. This could be suggested in education for normal and healthy babies care at home and nursery as a useful way. Endly, the further study about bacterial colony nda infection rate at umbilicus by ways of care is needed.

표고 신품종 풍년고의 원목 및 톱밥배지 재배특성

박영애,박원철,구창덕,Park, Young-Ae,Bak, Won-Chull,Koo, Chang-Duck 한국균학회 2015 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.43 No.2

본 연구에서는 KFRI 490의 2핵균사와 KFR 536의 1핵균사를 Di-mon 교잡을 시도하여 새로운 품종 풍년고를 개발하였다. 이 실험에서는 원목재배와 톱밥재배 실험을 통하여 생산성 및 재배적 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 풍년고의 발생유형은 여름, 가을의 하추형(夏秋型)으로 집중발생 한다. 최적 발생 온도는 $17{\sim}24^{\circ}C$로 고온재배에 적합하다. 원목에서 건중량 $22kg/m^3$, 톱밥재배에서 3차 발생까지 649 g/2 kg으로 원목 및 톱밥의 겸용 재배가 기능함을 알 수 있었다. 톱밥재배의 배양기간은 110~130일이다. 공조시설의 발생온도 $18{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, 습도 $90{\pm}5%$에서 버섯을 가장 많이 발생시켰다. In this study, a new strain of Lentinula edodes (Shiitake) Poongnyunko was bred from dikaryotic KFRI 490 and monokaryotic KFRI 536 by Di-mon crossing method. In this study, the productivity was conducted through bed-log and sawdust substrate cultivation. The Poongnyunko showed significant intensive production from summer to autumn. Optimum temperatures of fruit-body formation were $17{\sim}24^{\circ}C$. The total amount of fruit-body production during 4 years by bed-log cultivation was $22kg/m^3$, and total yield of fruit-body until the 3rd flush was 648 g/ 2 kg. In case of sawdust substrate cultivation, the mycelial incubation period was 110~130 days. The suitable temperature and relative humidity were $18{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and $90{\pm}5%$ respectively.

산후에 발병한 류마티스 관절염 환자 1례 임상경과 보고

박영애,박영선,김동철,Park, Young-Ae,Park, Young-Sun,Kim, Dong-Chul 대한한방체열의학회 2008 대한한방체열의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report the effect of TKM to Rhumatitis Arthritis after parturition and show the importance of recuperation after parturation. Methods: The patient was a 33-year-old woman who complains arthralgia, edema and sense of coldness after her third parturation. The patient was treated by Herb medicine, Acupuncture treatment, Moxa treatment and Physical Treatment. And the progress of symtoms was evaluated by cheking the change of VAS, and inspecting the DITI. Results: The Pain and edema have declined. After discharge, she got definite diagnosis as Rhumatitis Arthritis. But We already estimated it from the results of serum test. So we had treated the patience with TKM and we could explain the prognosis. We regulated the pain and edema successfully at the acute phase. And the patient could take care of herself, she didn't play her disease down as a simple symptoms of parturation. Conclusion: TKM is expected to have positive effect on Rheumatic arthritis with quick onset after parturation.

산후 하지무력 환자 1례 임상경과 보고

박영애,박영선,김동철,Park, Young-Ae,Park, Young-Sun,Kim, Dong-Chul 대한한방체열의학회 2006 대한한방체열의학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report the effect of TKM to both lower extremities weakness after parturition who is diagnosed as Subacute inflammatory demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. Methods: The patient was a 31-year-old woman who couldn't walk at all by herself because of both lower extremities weakness after parturition. The patient was demonstrated as shin-yang-heo, and treated by Pal-mi-ji-hwang-hwan, Acupuncture treatment of Shin-jeong-gyeok, and Moxa treatment of Gwan-won. And the progress of symtoms was evaluated by observation of her walking status, cheking the change of VAS, and inspecting the DITI. Result: The patient could walk by herself. The feeling of both lower extremities weakness improved to VAS 2. The paraesthesia of the soles of feet improved to VAS 4. And the DITI state slightly got better. Conclusion: TKM is expected to have positive effect on puerperium disease especially the symptoms of pain, weakness, paraesthesia, etc.

부모의 양육행동과 아동의 자존감과의 관계 연구

박영애,정옥분 ( Young Yae Park,Ock Boon Chung ) 대한가정학회 1996 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.34 No.1

유아-교사 관계 결정요인에 대한 유아 기질과 교사 완벽주의 성향의 다수준 분석 연구

박영애 ( Young Yae Park ),김리진 ( Lee Jin Kim ) 한국놀이치료학회 2016 한국놀이치료학회지(놀이치료연구) Vol.19 No.1

유아-교사 관계의 질에 영향을 미치는 결정요인으로 유아의 기질과 교사의 완벽주의 성향이 다루어졌다. 유아-교사 관계는 교사 수준과 유아 수준에 의해 영향을 받는 다층구조의 위계적 분석단위를 가지는 것으로 보고, 자료분석에는 다수준분석(multi-level analysis)이 사용되었다. 연구대상은 대전시 보육시설에서 근무하는 담임교사 34명과 그들에 의해 평가된 3-5세 유아 277명이다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 유아-교사 관계에서의 갈등에는 유아의 기질 중 까다로움, 활동성, 반응성이 정적으로, 정서성, 집중지구력은 부적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 유아-교사 관계의 친밀감에는 유아의 기질 중 정서성과 집중지구력이 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 마지막으로 유아-교사 관계에서의 의존성은 유아의 기질 중 까다로움과 반응성이, 교사의 완벽주의 성향 중 실패의 두려움이 정적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구는 교사의 성격 특성과 유아의 다양한 기질 특성이 어떻게 유아-교사 관계에 영향을 주는지에 대한 부분적 설명을 제공함으로써 보육교사의 자기이해 증진 및 유아와의 상호작용행동 개선을 위한 교사 상담과 교육의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study was to empirically investigate the issues of a young child’s temperament and teacher’s perfectionism as factors influencing the relationship between the child and his/her teacher in a daycare center. Multi-level analysis was performed to explore the factors influencing this relationship. The subjects consisted of 34 child care teachers and 277 3-5 year olds from 15 daycare centers located in Daejeon Metropolitan City, S. Korea. The results are as follows: conflicts in the child-teacher relationship were positively affected by such child temperament factors as difficulty, activity, and reactivity, and were negatively affected by emotionality and concentration. Furthermore, intimacy in the child-teacher relationship was positively affected by child temperament factors such as emotionality and concentration; dependency in child-teacher relationship was also positively affected by the teacher’s fear of failure and child’s temperamental difficulty and reactivity. These findings have a number of implications for teacher counseling and education, specifically when it comes to enhancing a teacher’s self-understanding and behaviors toward young children in classroom contexts.

유아기 및 아동초기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 놀이관련 인식 기초조사

박영애 ( Young Yae Park ),김리진 ( Lee Jin Kim ) 한국놀이치료학회 2011 한국놀이치료학회지(놀이치료연구) Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 유아기 및 아동초기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 유년기 놀이경험, 놀이에 대한 인식, 모-자 놀이실태 및 현재 자녀인식에 관한 특성과 그들 간의 관계를 살펴봄으로써 아동의 놀이에 관련된 수요자로서의 어머니의 기본인식과 실제 놀이모습을 이해하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이는 어머니들에게 보다 적합한 자녀 놀이지원 프로그램 개발의 일환으로, 그에 필요한 기초정보 수집을 위한 것이다. 자료수집을 위해 ``놀이에 관한 부모인식조사`` 질문지가 사용되었으며, 대전시 거주 해당 어머니 484명의 자료가 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 어머니의 놀이 경험과 인식은 자녀의 놀이모습과 발달에 다양한 양상으로 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 현재 유아와 초등학교 저학년인 자녀를 둔 어머니들은 놀이의 의미와 중요성은 매우 높게 인식하는 데 비해 실제 참여와 지원행동은 부족하여 놀이 관련 인식과 행동 간에 모순을 보인다. 셋째, 어릴 때 자신의 어머니와 많이 놀아본 어머니일수록 자녀와 더 오랜 시간 더 다양한 활동을 하며 놀아주고, 아동이 어머니와 함께 하는 놀이시간과 놀이활동수가 증가할수록 아동의 발달·적응·행복수준은 높아진다. 넷째, 유년기에 부모와 놀이를 많이 해본 어머니일수록 자녀와의 놀이기대 일치도가 높으며, 놀이의 모자일치도가 높을수록 자녀의 발달·적응·행복은 증진된다. 다섯째, 놀이의 개념에 대한 어머니의 이해가 넓고 긍정적일수록 모-자 놀이활동수가 증가하며, 아동의 발달과 행복이 증진된다. 여섯째, 어머니가 놀이의 과정을 중시하지 않을수록 자녀는 혼자 노는 시간이 늘어나며, 반대로 놀이과정을 중시하고 아동은 필요해서 노는 것이라고 생각할수록 자녀의 행복수준은 올라간다. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships among mother`s childhood play experience, maternal perception of child play, mother-child play condition, and maternal perception of her child aged between preschool and third grade. The 484 mothers residing in Daejeon, Korea participated to answer the questionnaire of "Parental Perceptions of Play", aimed to gather primary information concerning mother`s perception and behavior concerning child`s play. The findings are expected to be used in understanding mothers and facilitating them for children`s play and development. The results were as follows: First, mother`s childhood play experiences were related to the child`s play condition and his development in a diverse manner. Second, mother`s level of support for her child`s play was relatively low although her apprehension levels of play and its importance were very high, which revealed the discrepancy between her perception and actual behavior. Third, mothers who played with their own mothers more during their childhood spent more time engaging in various play activities with their child. This subsequently enhanced the child`s level of development, adjustment and happiness. Fourth, mothers who played with their parents more during their childhood showed higher agreement with their child in the kinds of play the child liked to play. This also increased the level of development, adjustment and happiness for their child. Fifth, the child`s development and happiness increased as mother`s understanding of play became broader and more positive. Lastly, the more the mother neglected the significance of the process of play, the more often the child played alone. The level of child`s happiness, however, grades up as her appreciation of the seriousness of play process increases along with her notion that children play out of necessity.

아동의 정서지능과 자아존중감의 특성 및 상호 관계

박영애(Young Yae Park),최영희(Young Hee Choi),박인전(In Jeon Park) 한국아동학회 2000 아동학회지 Vol.21 No.3

This study of the characteristics and the relationships of children`s emotional intelligence (EQ) and self-esteem had a sample of 1060 5th grade children. The rank order of four EQ factors from highest to lowest was perception of emotion, other-regulation and self-expression, self-regulation and emotion utilization, and empathy. Among self-esteem factors, general self-worth had the highest correlation with overall self-esteem; physical appearance was most strongly correlated with general self-worth. Relationships between EQ and self-esteem showed that higher EQ was associated with higher self-esteem. Among EQ factors, other-regulation and self-expression was the strongest predictor of behavioral conduct. The next strongest predictor of self-esteem among EQ factors was self-regulation and utilization of emotion. Other self-esteem factors well predicted by EQ were general self-worth, and scholastic competence.