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박서형 한국음악교육학회 2021 음악교육연구 Vol.50 No.2
이 논문은 플라톤의 음악교육사상에 내재된 딜레마를 해결하고, 그 의의와 가치를 밝히 는 연구이다. 플라톤의 사상은 인류지성사에서 가장 영향력 있는 음악교육사상 중 하나로 존재 해 왔으나, 그 실현 과정에서 필연적으로 딜레마에 부딪히게 된다. 따라서 이 연구는 딜레마에 대한 해답을 구하고자 플라톤의 대화편 텍스트들을 집중적으로 분석하는 문헌연구의 방법을 택 하였다. 이 연구에서는 플라톤의 음악교육사상의 핵심이 철학자가 주도하는 음악교육이라는 점 을 확인하고, 이러한 주장의 근거를 밝힌다. 현시대에 학교 음악교육의 인문적 성격이 점점 희석 되어가고 있다는 점에서, 이 논문은 음악교사의 자격에 대한 반성과 함께 학교 음악교육의 의미 와 가치를 제고할 수 있는 계기를 마련해 줄 수 있을 것이다 .
Characterization of Quinolone-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli in Korea
오유정,박서형,하미선,이연희 한국미생물학회 2002 The journal of microbiology Vol.40 No.2
Twenty-eight clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, composed of thirteen norfloxacin resistant isolates (MIC of >16 mg/ml), one intermediately resistant isolate (MIC of 8 mg/ml), and fourteen susceptible isolates (MIC of <4 mg/ml), were randomly selected to study the norfloxacin resistance mechanism and phylogeny in clinical isolates in Korea. Eleven norfloxacin resistant isolates and one susceptible isolate were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Every norfloxacin resistant isolate with MIC higher than 32 mg/ml had the same three mutations Ser83Leu and Asp87Asn or Tyr in GyrA and Ser80Ile in ParC. Whereas a resistant isolate with MIC of 16 mg/ml had three mutations but Asp87 in GyrA was replaced with Gly instead of Asn. The intermediately resistant isolate had the same two mutations in GyrA but a different mutation in ParC, Glu84Lys. Among the susceptible isolates, two isolates with MIC of 4 mg/ml had one mutation Ser83Leu in GyrA, and no mutation was found in the susceptible isolates. Resistant isolates showed higher efflux activity than the susceptible ones, with random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), six susceptible isolates form a separate group from the rest of the isolates.
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate and Hinokitiol Reduce Melanin Synthesis via Decreased MITF Production
김동석,박서형,권선방,이갑석,윤상웅,박경찬 대한약학회 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.3
In this study, the effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and/or hinokitiol (b-thujaplicin) on melanogenesis were investigated. Our results showed that both EGCG and hinokitiol significantly inhibited melanin synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner, and that their hypopigmenting effects were stronger than that of kojic acid, which is known to inhibit melanin formation in melanocytes and melanoma cells. Interestingly, EGCG did not show any additive hypopigmenting effect in combination with kojic acid, though EGCG did show a synergistic effect in combination with hinokitiol. Several reports indicate that the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) induces microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) degradation. Accordingly, the effects of EGCG and hinokitiol on the ERK signaling pathway were examined. EGCG and hinokitiol induced neither ERK activation nor MITF degradation. On the other hand, both EGCG and hinokitiol reduced the protein levels of MITF and of tyrosinase, the rate limiting melanogenic enzyme, whereas kojic acid had no effect. In addition, hinokitiol strongly downregulated the activity of tyrosinase, whereas EGCG or kojic acid had only a little effect. These results show that both EGCG and hinokitiol reduce MITF production, and suggest that reduced tyrosinase activity by hinokitiol explains their synergistic effect on melanogenesis.
Additive Effects of Heat and p38 MAPK Inhibitor Treatment on Melanin Synthesis
김동석,박서형,권선방,나정임,허창훈,박경찬 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.5
It has been reported that the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) reduces melanin synthesis. Recently, we also found that heat treatment induces ERK activation and inhibits melanogenesis in Mel-Ab cells (a mouse melanocyte cell line). In addition, it was reported that p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibition blocks melanogenesis. Thus, we investigated the effects of heat and of the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, on melanogenesis. In this study, we found that heat treatment activates ERK and reduces melanin production in human melanocytes, and that this is accompanied by a reduction in tyrosinase activity. To regulate the ERK and p38 MAPK pathways simultaneously, we combined heat treatment and SB203580 and measured melanin synthesis. The results obtained showed that heat treatment and SB203580 reduced melanin synthesis more effectively than heat or SB203580 alone. We conclude that ERK activation and p38 MAPK inhibition can work in an additive manner to decrease melanogenesis.
정윤미,최영곤,김동석,박서형,윤진아,권선방,박은상,박경찬 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.11
In this study, we evaluated the cytoprotective effects of antioxidative substances in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treated Mel-Ab melanocytes. Tested substances include selenium, quercetin, green tea (GT) extract, and several vitamins (ascorbic acid, Trolox, and folic acid). Of these, both quercetin and GT extract were found to have strong cytoprotective effects on H2O2- induced cell death. We also examined additive effects, but no combination of two of any of the above substances was found to act synergistically against oxidative damage in Mel-Ab cells. Nevertheless, a multi-combination of GT extract, quercetin, and folic acid appeared to prevent cellular damage in a synergistic manner, which suggests that combinations of antioxidants may be of importance, and that co-treatment with antioxidants offers a possible means of treating vitiligo, which is known to be related to melanocyte oxidative stress.