장내 미생물과 췌담도계

류기현 대한소화기학회 2020 대한소화기학회지 Vol.75 No.5

The gut microbiota is part of the human body that is involved in body metabolism and the occurrence of various diseases. Detecting and analyzing their genetic information (microbiome) is as important as analyzing human genes. The core microbiome, the key functional genes shared by all humans, helps better understand the physiology of the human body. Information on the gut microbiome of a diseased person can help diagnose and treat disease. The pancreatobiliary system releases functional antimicrobial substances, such as bile acids and antimicrobial peptides, which affect the gut microbiota directly. In response, the gut microbiota influences pancreatobiliary secretion by controlling the generation and emission of substances through indirect signaling. This crosstalk maintains homeostasis of the pancreatobiliary system secretion and microbiota. Dysbiosis and disease can occur if this fails to work properly. Bile acid therapy has been used widely and may affect the microbial environment in the intestine. An association of the gut microbiota has been reported in many cases of pancreatobiliary diseases, including malignant tumors. Traditionally, most pancreatobiliary diseases are accompanied by infections from the gut microbiota, which is an important target for treatment. The pancreatobiliary system can control its function through physical and drug therapy. This may be a new pioneering field in the study or treatment of the gut microbiota.

1960년대 비동맹·중립주의 확산과 유엔한국통일 부흥위원단(UNCURK)의 균열

류기현 역사문제연구소 2021 역사문제연구 Vol.25 No.2

The UNCURK was a key organization symbolizing the United Nations' involvement in the Korean Question. Until the 1950s, UNCURK wholly reflected the Western camp's position on Korean affairs and maintained its status despite demands from communist countries to dismantle. However, in the 1960s, as a large number of emerging nations advocating non-aligned movement and neutralism emerged and joined the UN as members, UNCURK began to falter. Non-aligned and neutral nations pressured the Western camp at the UN General Assembly, demanding the reorganization or dissolution of UNCURK. In addition, amid the global spread of nonaligned movement and neutralism, Chile and Pakistan, UNCURK members since its establishment, also began to distance themselves from UNCURK activities as they deviated from pro-Western foreign policy. Since the mid- 1960s, Chile and Pakistan have begun to make claims within UNCURK that contradict Western positions on Korean affairs, and finally withdrew from UNCURK in the early 1970s. The withdrawal of the two members directly hurt UNCURK's international legitimacy, which served as a factor in the U.S. and China's agreement to dismantle UNCURK. Dissolution of UNCURK was not only by-product of compromise between great powers, but also the result of the growth of the non-aligned movement and neutralism in 1960s. 유엔한국통일부흥위원단(UNCURK)은 한국 문제에 대한 유엔의 관여를 상징하는 핵심 기구였다. 1950년대까지 언커크는 미국을 중심으로 한 서방 진영의 한국 문제에 대한 입장을 충실히 반영했고, 공산 국가들의 해체 요구에도 불구하고 그 위상을 굳건히 유지했다. 그러나 1960년대 들어 비동맹·중립 노선을표방하는 신생 국가들이 대거 등장하고 유엔 회원국으로 가입하면서 언커크는 동요하기 시작했다. 비동맹·중립 국가들은 유엔총회에서 언커크의 개편이나 해체를 요구하며 서방 진영을 압박했다. 또한 비동맹·중립 노선의 세계적 확산 속에서 언커크 회원국인 칠레와 파키스탄도 친서방적 대외정책에서 이탈하며 언커크 활동과 거리를 두기 시작했다. 1960년대 중반부터 칠레와 파키스탄은 언커크 내부에서 한국 문제에 대한 서방 진영의 입장과는 배치되는 주장을 본격화했고, 1970년대 초반 언커크에서 최종적으로 탈퇴했다. 칠레와 파키스탄의 탈퇴는 언커크의 국제적 정당성에 직접적 타격을 주었고, 이는 미국과 중국이 언커크 해체에 합의하는 요인으로 작용했다. 냉전의 ‘중심부’ 국가들이 언커크 해체의 최종 결정을 내렸지만, 그 배경에는 1960년대 ‘주변부’의 비동맹·중립 노선의 성장이 있었다.

Occurrence of Mosaic Disease of Hosta virus X

류기현,이종석,박민혜 한국식물병리학회 2002 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.18 No.6

Systemic virus symptoms caused by a Potexvirus were observed on leaves of infected hosta (Hosta spp.) plants cultivated in Seoul, Korea. Symptoms on diseased hosta plants include mosaic, mottle, irregular blotchy patches, and chlorotic spots on or distortion of the leaves. No other viruses, such as Cucumber mosaic virus, Lily symptomless virus, or Potyvirus, were detected from the same plants by electron microscopy and by Western blot and RT-PCR analyses, indicating that they were singly infected by the potexvirus. The symptoms differed among cultivars and species of hosta, and affected the quality of plants for commercialization, as well as, plant growth and flowering of susceptible cultivars. Most of the cultivars and species investigated were susceptible to the virus, while some were not infected by the virus at all. Purified virus particles were of filamentous type with unaggregated forms 540 nm in length, which is a typical potexviral morphology. The virus consisted of a single-stranded RNA molecule of 6 kb long for genome and single component of coat protein (CP) about 27 kDa. The CP strongly reacted with the antiserum against Hosta virus X (HVX), suggesting that the virus is an isolate of HVX. This is the first report of the occurrence and identification of HVX from hosta plants in Korea.

스트레스의 組織的 結果와 진단의 基礎槪念

柳基鉉 경희대학교 산업관계연구소 1984 産硏論叢 Vol.9 No.-

[초록없음]

Molecular Detection and Analysis of Sweet potato feathery mottle virus from Root and Leaf Tissues of Cultivated Sweet Potato Plants

류기현,최선희 한국식물병리학회 2002 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.18 No.1

identified as Li-CMV, was isolated from a diseased Korean native lily (Lilium tsingtauense Gilg). Biological and serological properties of Li-CMV were characterized, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, restriction enzyme profiling of RTPCR products, and nucleotide sequence analysis of RNA3 of the virus were performed in this study. Remarkable differences in symptoms between Li-CMV and ordinary CMV strains were found in tobacco plants and Datura stramonium. Li-CMV-infected tobacco plants (cv. Xanthi-nc and cv. Samsun) induced chlorotic ringspots on uninoculated upper leaves, and the symptom expression was delayed or faint, whereas, ordinary CMV strains induced green mosaic symptoms on the plant. Systemic infections were observed on Nicotiana benthamiana with severe mosaic symptom. Restriction mapping analysis of RT-PCR products using MspI showed that Li-CMV belonged to CMV subgroup I. A full-length cDNA copy of RNA3 for the virus was amplified by RT-PCR, cloned, and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. The RNA3 of Li-CMV was 2,232 nucleotides long, and consisted of two open reading frames of 843 and 657 bases encoding 3a protein (movement protein) and coat protein, respectively. Results of this study indicate that Li-CMV is a novel strain and belongs to subgroup I of CMV in the genus Cucumovirus.

해방 이후∼1970년대 초반 한국사 개설서의 ‘근대’ 규정 및 시대구분의 변화

류기현 서울대학교 인문학연구원 2018 人文論叢 Vol.75 No.1

This article examines how the ‘modern age (近代)’ was characterized in general Korean histories published from liberation in 1945 to the early 1970s. Generally, the Korean modern age is considered to have started in the late 19th century and ended in 1945. This kind of periodization on the Korean modern age had been constructed through the development of Korean historical scholarship and Korea’s political and social changes. The ‘modern age’ was absent in general history writings appearing from liberation to the early 1950s. General histories of this time describe Korean history as being consistently ‘stagnated’. Analyzing history from the late Chosun period, new general histories published from the mid-1950s to the early 1960s applied the concepts of ‘modern age’ and ‘modernization’ for the first time. The narrative focuing on ‘stagnation’ of Korean history partially persisted, but general histories of this period tried to describe Korean history from the viewpoint of development, defining some historical events including the Gapoh Reformation (甲午改革) as a starting point of the Korean modern age. General histories published from the mid-1960s to the early 1970s stress the socioeconomic dynamics of Korean history. They emphasize that the Korean society of the late Chosun period had the potential to independently achieve modernization. This kind of argument could come out as a result of the nationwide spread of moderniztion theory and the introduction of the ‘internal development theory’. General histories after the mid-1960s tried to depict the 18th-19th centuries Korea in the modern transition period as an active player prepared to respond to political and social challenges, and not just a passive one. 이 글은 해방 이후부터 1970년대 초반까지 출판된 한국사 개설서⋅ 통사에서 ‘근대’라는 역사적 시대를 규정⋅구획하는 양상을 통시적으로 탐구한다. 오늘날 우리가 일반적으로 19세기 중⋅후반을 기점으로하고 1945년 해방을 종점으로 잡는 근대라는 시대 규정은 근대 역사학도입 이래 처음부터 존재한 것이 아니라 한국사 연구의 전개과정, 한국의 정치적⋅사회적 변화에 따른 구성물이다. 해방 직후부터 1950년대 초반까지의 개설서에는 ‘근대’가 부재했다. 이 시기의 개설서들은 주로 정체론적 관점에서 한국사를 서술했다. 1950년대 중반부터 1960년대 초반에 나온 개설서들은 처음으로 ‘근대’ 및 ‘근대화’라는 개념을 동원해 조선후기-개항기의 역사를 서술했다.해방 직후 개설서의 정체론적 서사가 부분적으로 계속되는 가운데 이시기의 개설서들은 갑오개혁을 비롯한 몇 가지의 역사적 사건들을 한국의 근대 기점으로 제시하면서 발전과 변화라는 시각에서 한국사를파악하고자 했다. 1960년대 중반 이후부터 1970년대 초반에 나온 개설서는 조선 후기- 개항기에 이르는 시대의 사회경제적 역동성을 강조하고 이 시기의 한국 사회가 자생적 근대화를 이룩할 맹아를 지니고 있었음을 강조했다. 이는 근대화 담론의 전 사회적 확산 및 내재적발전론에 입각한 연구성과들이 축적된 것을 배경으로 한다. 60년대 중반 이후 개설서들은 한국이 근대 전환기에 단순히 수동적 존재가 아닌 적극적으로 근대에 대응하는 존재였음을 보이고자 했다.

전선의 규제규격으로 전환에 대한 전력산업계의 대응

류기현,Ryu, Gi-Hyeon 한국전기기술인협회 2005 電力技術人 Vol.280 No.-

Characterization and Sequence Analysis of a Lily Isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus from Lilium tsingtauense

류기현,HyeWonPark,JangKyungChoi 한국식물병리학회 2002 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.18 No.2

A new isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), identified as Li-CMV, was isolated from a diseased Korean native lily (Lilium tsingtauense Gilg). Biological and serological properties of Li-CMV were characterized, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, restriction enzyme profiling of RTPCR products, and nucleotide sequence analysis of RNA3 of the virus were performed in this study. Remarkable differences in symptoms between Li-CMV and ordinary CMV strains were found in tobacco plants and Datura stramonium. Li-CMV-infected tobacco plants (cv. Xanthi-nc and cv. Samsun) induced chlorotic ringspots on uninoculated upper leaves, and the symptom expression was delayed or faint, whereas, ordinary CMV strains induced green mosaic symptoms on the plant. Systemic infections were observed on Nicotiana benthamiana with severe mosaic symptom. Restriction mapping analysis of RT-PCR products using MspI showed that Li-CMV belonged to CMV subgroup I. A full-length cDNA copy of RNA3 for the virus was amplified by RT-PCR, cloned, and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. The RNA3 of Li-CMV was 2,232 nucleotides long, and consisted of two open reading frames of 843 and 657 bases encoding 3a protein (movement protein) and coat protein, respectively. Results of this study indicate that Li-CMV is a novel strain and belongs to subgroup I of CMV in the genus Cucumovirus.

공기 절연 적층형 마이크로스트립 구조의 새로운 3 dB 커플러 MMIC

류기현,김대현,이재학,서광석 한국전자파학회 1999 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.10 No.5

본 논문에서는 공기 절연 적층형 마이크로스트립 구조의 새로운 MMIC 3dB 커플러를 제안하였다. 제안된 커플러의 제작은 아주 간단하며, 유전체 공정을 필요로 하지 않는다. 제안된 커플러의 구조 해석을 위해서 HP-Momentum을 이용하였으며, 이를 통해 제안된 커플러의 구조를 최적화 하였다. 제작된 커플러는 22 GHz대역폭(23~GHz~45GHz)을 갖고 있었다. 또한, 제안된 커플러를 이용하여 Ka-Band용 평형 2단 증폭기를 성공적으로 제작하였다. This paper presents a very simple coupled line structure for MMIC which uses stacked microstrip line and does not employ any dielectric process step. For the analysis and optimization of these coupled line structure, HP-Momentum was used. The measured performance of 3 dB coupler shows 23 to 45 GHz broadband characteristics. Additionally, a balanced 2-stage Ka-Band power amplifier which uses the proposed 3 dB coupler, was also fabricated.

이동 통신용 능동 인덕터 VOC MMIC 설계 ( Design of Active Inductor VOC MMIC for Mobile Communication )

류기현,서광석 대한전자공학회 1994 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1994 No.11