노인건강문제와 간호의 방향

김희자,Kim, Hee-Ja 한국지역사회간호학회 1998 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The elderly population will increase from 5.8% in 1996 to 12.5% in 2020. The related problems of health will also become a very important issue in the future. Therefore it is important to address the problems of geriatric nursing and geriatric health. 87.6% of the aged were ill with chronic degenerative diseases in 1994. In 1995, hospital admission rates (86.8) for those aged 60 or older were higher than that (56.3) of the total age group. Such high medical utilization will increase national health costs. For the development of geriatric nursing, active nursing intervention in various settings combined with education and research should be developed. Considering the health and welfare of the aged and the present status and views in Korea, I suggest the following: First, the health needs of the elderly in the institution, must be met by a plan that fosters geriatric nurses and programmed service development. Second, health service for the residential elderly must be provided in day care centers, short stays, nursing homes and geriatric hospitals. Geriatric nursing services should be provided in home residential areas, public health centers, public health subcenters as well as having, community health practitioners in primary health care posts and home health nurses. Third, geriatric nursing curriculum must be developed adjust to situations and culture of Korea and be included in the nursing curriculum. And gerontological nurse practitioner or geriatric specialist must be fosteraged to provide the professional care for the aged. Geriatric nursing research should be also achived for geriatric nursing improvements.

시설노인의 골다공증 관련요인 연구

김희자,Kim, Hee-Ja 한국지역사회간호학회 1997 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to measure and determine the relationship of femoral neck and lumbar bone mineral density with their and related factors. It were measured and determined the relationships among bone mineral density, bone mineral content in the lumbar and femoral neck, muscle strength (arm, back, leg), muscle endurance, instrumental activity of daily living (IADL), quality of life, cognitive perceptual variables(self efficacy, perceived health status), age, age at menopausal period. The twenty five subjects participating in this study consisted of twelve males and thirteen females at a C-institution in Chung Buk province. The mean age of subjects was 73.64 years. The data was collected from August, 1993 to September, 1993. The data was analyzed with $x^2-test$, t-test, Correlation, multiple regression using a SPSS pc+ program. 1. The mean femoral neck bone mineral density was $0.636g/cm^2$, 66.7% of young bone mineral density, the mean lumbar($L_2-L_4$) bone mineral density was $0.807g/cm^2$, 79.86% of young bone mineral density. The mean fermoral neck bone mineral content was 2.906g and the mean lumbar bone mineral content was 36.898g. 2. The mean muscle strength was 17.14kg(grip strength), 32.05kg(back lift strength), 17.14kg (leg lift strength) and the mean muscle endurance was 9.92times. 3. Men showed a significantly higher score (p<0.01) in muscle strength and muscle endurance than women, as well as a significantly higher score on self efficacy and perceived health status(p<0.05). 4. The femur neck bone mineral density had a significant correlation(p<0.0l) with leg lift strength, back lift strength, and their was a significant correlations (p<0.05) with arm strength and muscle endurance. Lumbar ($L_2-L_2$) bone mineral density had a significant correlation(p<0.05) with muscle endurance, grip strength and IADL. 5. With the multiple regression analysis the most significant predictor for lumbar bone mineral density were IADL, the most significant predictor for femoral neck bone mineral density was leg strength. This study concluded: As the mean bone mineral density and bone mineral content were low, the aged showed osteopenia. Bone mineral density, muscle strength and IADL were correlated. The aged could pro mote muscle strength, bone mineral density and IADL through Leg Press exercise which was safe and efficient for the aged. This Leg Press exercise contributed to prevention of osteoporosis and promoted the health of the aged.

노인의 근력강화운동이 일상생활기능 및 삶의 질에 미치는 효과

김희자,홍여신,Kim, Hee-Ja,Hong, Yeo-Shin 한국지역사회간호학회 1995 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.6 No.1

An Effect of Muscle Strength Training Program on Muscle Strength, Muscle Endurance, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Quality of Life in the Institutionalized Elderly Recent statistics shows that the aged are the fastest growing segment of our population by increasing life span. The age group of over 60 shows multiple health problems and the most serious handicapping problem of these. are related to the changes in muscular skeletal system. With aging, people lose. their muscle mass and muscle strength resulting from biological changes and physical inactivity. Studies documented a 30-50% loss of muscle mass in an advanced age and thus, ordinary life activities can be seriously affected due to weakened muscle strength. Preservation of muscle strength of lower limb is especially important in the aged. Since it is readily affected from reduced physical activity in old age, sometimes to the detriment of moving or walking. So muscle strength exercise program designed for the elderly to improve leg muscle strength and leg muscle endurance. The research design used was nonequivalent control group pretest - protest design. The purposes of this study were to test the effect of muscle strength exercise program utilizing Leg Press on muscle strength, muscle endurance, instrumental activities of daily living(IADL), cognitive perceptual variables and quality of life. Forty nine subjects participating in this study consisted of twenty four male and twenty five female. Twenty four experimental group subjects were selected from C-institution in Chung Buk province, and twenty five control group subjects were selected from O-institution in Chung Nam province. The mean age of subjects was 72.8 years. Muscle strength training program utilizing Leg Press for the experimental group was carried out three times a week for 9 weeks. The data was collected from August, 1993 to October, 1993. Data were analyzed with $X^2-test$, t-test, ANCOVA test, Kruskal Wallis 1-Way ANOVA test using SPSS PC program. Results were obtained as follows : 1) The experimental group showed significantly higher scores on muscle strength (leg lift strength, back lift strength and grip strength) and muscle endurance than control group after the experiment $\ulcorner$F=52.35(p=.001), F=54.07(p=.001), F=6.97(p=.011), F=18.17(p=.001)$\lrcorner$ 2) Experimental group were significantly higher scores on IADL than control group(F=7.51, p=.009). 3) Experimental group showed significantly higher scores on economical state and self esteem aspects of the quality of life scale than control group $\ulcorner$F=10.59(p=.002), F=6.97(p=.011)$\lrcorner$. But there were no differences in emotional state, physical and functional state and relationship with reatives in the quality of life between groups. 4) Scores on IADL showed a significant difference with the level of muscle strength and muscle endurance $\ulcornerx^2=7.73(p=.025),\;x^2=8.86\;(p=.011)\lrcorner$ 5) Scores on self esteem and physical and functional state aspects of the quality of life scale showed a significant difference with the level of IADL $\ulcornerx^2=11.39(p=.003),\;x^2=9.02(p=.011)\lrcorner$. 6) Scores of experimental group after the experiment in cognitive perceptual variables (perceived benefit on exercise, perceived health status, self efficacy, emotion on exercise) were significantly higher than those of control group $\ulcorner$F=32.09(p=.001), F=5.07(p=.029), F=20.63 (p=.001), F=30.38(p=.001)$\lrcorner$. As a result of this study, the effect of strength training exercise program with Leg. Press had improved muscle strength, muscle endurance, IADL, and the perception of self esteem, physical and funtional state, and economical state. Thus strength training program could be beneficially applied for the prevention of disablity and promotion of health and wellbeing in the aged easily and safely. The subjects in

융합문화시대의 기독교 인공지능 시스템교육

김희자(Hee-Ja Kim) 한국기독교교육정보학회 2014 기독교교육정보 Vol.0 No.40

오늘날의 교육정보처리 기술과 네트워크 기술의 통합으로 모든 교육정보가 디지털화되어 이용 가능하도록 되고 있는 인공지능(Artificial Intelligence: AI) 교육시스템이 기독교교육에도 적용될 수 있을까? 본 연구는 이러한 근본적인 질문에 해답을 모색하기 위하여 융합 환경, 빅데이터, 인공지능 시스템 교육 간의 관계를 체계적으로 살펴보는 것이다. 본 연구문제는 융합 환경의 특성은 어떠하며, 이러한 융합 환경은 궁극적으로 인공지능 시스템 교육의 어떤 기능을 담당할 것인가? 현재 다양한 사례를 살펴볼 때, 융합 환경은 인공지능 시스템 교육의 보완적 기능을 담당하고 있다. 앞으로 기독교교육에 있어서도 융합 환경은 이러한 보완적 기능을 넘어서서 하이브리드 시스템을 통해 인공지능 시스템 교육이 주된 기능을 하고, 아날로그 시스템이 보조 기능할 가능성이 높아졌다. 이러한 융합환경에서 인공지능 시스템의 주된 역할을 하는 빅데이터 체계를 분석적 살펴본 결과, 기독교 인공지능 교육 시스템이 맞춤식 교육을 구현하는 기능을 담당하게 될 가능성을 연구하였다. 마지막으로 새로운 교육 체계로서 인공지능 시스템 교육의 역할과 그 사회적 의미를 분석하였다. The purpose of the study is to explore the reciprocal relationships between convergence environment, big-data, and artificial intelligence system in Christian Education. The convergence educational system would ultimately playing main role through Hybrid intelligence system. Rapidly changing digital educational environment would become possible to integrate educational information processing technology and networking technology in Christian education. For forward-looking of Korean Christian artificial intelligence education system, analysis of Christian big-data would be possible to create the Christian education that is geared to the level and aptitude of each student. The role and social meaning of artificial intelligence system in education have analyzed. The digital Christian textbook, on-line education, targeted education, and cloud service in Christian education need to be developed and produced for Christian artificial intelligence education system possible.

향기요법 마사지가 폐경여성의 복부비만과 신체상에 미치는 영향

김희자(Kim, Hee-Ja),박오장 한국간호과학회 2007 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.37 No.4

폐경 후 비만여성에게 적용한 향기요법 프로그램이 체질량감소와 혈청 에스트로겐에 미치는 효과

김희자 ( Hee Ja Kim ) 한국여성건강간호학회 2008 여성건강간호학회지 Vol.14 No.2

부모애착, 부정적 자아평가, 친구관계가 고등학생의 진로성숙도에 미치는 영향

김희자 ( Hee Ja Kim ) 한국청소년복지학회 2008 청소년복지연구 Vol.10 No.4

This study was designed to examine the effects of parent attachment, self-esteem, friends relationship on the career maturity among the high school students. Using the data of the Korean Youth Panel Survey, subjects were 3449 high school students. The analyses method was structural equation model. Three observed variables reflecting positive aspects of self-esteem was eliminated through the process of CAF and the concept of self-esteem was amended to negative self-esteem. The results revealed the direct effects of friends relationship and negative self-esteem on career maturity, the direct effects of parent attachment on friends relationship and negative self-esteem, and the direct effects of negative self-esteem on friends relationship. Friends relationship had mediating effects on the relation between negative self-esteem and career maturity and negative self-esteem had mediating effects on the relation between parent attachment and friends relationship.

외국인에 대한 청소년의 사회적 거리감

김희자 ( Hee Ja Kim ) 고려대학교 한국사회연구소 2008 한국사회 Vol.9 No.1

복지국가의 청소년 실업정책에 대한 연구-스웨덴, 영국, 미국을 중심으로

김희자 ( Hee Ja Kim ) 한국청소년복지학회 2002 청소년복지연구 Vol.4 No.2

This is a comparative study on unemployment policy for youth in Sweden, United Kingdom and United States. The three countries differ in ideology of welfare states. Sweden which has been oriented to social democracy has sacrificed youth for maintenance of adults` employment. United Kingdom which had been oriented to revised liberalism and hesitated active intervention, has transferred the focus of unemployment policy from income support to active labour market policy. United States which has been oriented to liberalism, has enhanced the principle of labour incentive in recent years.

우리나라 兒童의 社會的 成就度에 關한 調査硏究

金喜子(Hee Ja Kim) 서울대학교 보건환경연구소 1974 보건학논집 Vol.11 No.2