한국 조현병 환자에서 검지-약지 길이비와 발병 연령 및 대사 장애와의 연관성

김홍래,이중선,주연호,원승희,류승형,홍경수,권준수,이승연,오홍석,최준호,이유상,Kim, Hong Rae,Lee, Jung Sun,Joo, Yeon Ho,Won, Seunghee,Ryu, Seunghyong,Hong, Kyung Sue,Kwon, Jun Soo,Lee, Seung Yeoun,Oh, Hong Seok,Choi, Joon Ho,Lee, Yu Sa 대한생물정신의학회 2017 생물정신의학 Vol.24 No.3

Objectives The ratio of second to fourth digit length (2D : 4D) could be a potential epigenetic marker of sexual dimorphism reflecting prenatal testosterone exposure. Testosterone is known to affect the development of the brain through an epigenetic mechanism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to fetal testosterone on the metabolic syndrome based on 2D : 4D of schizophrenia patients and the relationship with the age of onset of schizophrenia. Methods A total of 214 schizophrenia patients participated in this study. The participant's physical and blood tests were performed according to the American National Cholesterol Education Program's Third Amendment of the Metabolic Syndrome Diagnostic Criteria, and the 2D : 4D was measured by the method designed by McFadden. Data were statistically analyzed by t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression model analysis. Results 2D : 4D was significantly higher in female than male in both hands, and there was a statistically significant negative correlation between 2D : 4D and the age of onset of schizophrenia in male. However, 2D : 4D did not show statistically significant correlation with metabolic factors. Conclusions Fetal testosterone suggests the possibility of affecting the age of onset of schizophrenia through the epigenetic mechanism, but there is no clear relationship with metabolic factors.

수술현미경용 다중형광 관측 시스템 연구

김홍래,이현민,윤웅배,김영재,김석기,유헌,주재영,김광기,이승훈,Kim, Hong Rae,Lee, Hyun Min,Yoon, Woong Bae,Kim, Young Jae,Kim, Seok Ki,Yoo, Heon,Joo, Jae Young,Kim, Kwang Gi,Lee, Seung-Hoon 대한의용생체공학회 2015 의공학회지 Vol.36 No.1

Indocyanine green(ICG) and 5-aminolevulinic acid(5-ALA) have been widely used to mark blood vessels or tumors. However, fluorescent dye detection systems were designed to use one type of dyes only. In this study, we proposed a detection system capable of detecting Indocyanine green and 5-aminolevulinic acid. Multiple filters and light sources are integrated into a single system. In this study, we performed analysis of fluorescent dyes and configured a detection system. During the analysis, it was found that Indocyanine green and 5-aminolevulinic acid have the maximum intensity at $40{\mu}M$. We designed light source for fluorescent dyes and conducted compatibility test using a commercial surgical microscope. The fluorescent dye detection system was configured based on the experimental results. The developed system successfully detects Indocyanine green and 5-aminolevulinic acid. Therefore, more efficient surgical operations can be achieved using both fluorescent dyes at the same time. We expect that the developed system can increase the survival rate of patients.

초음파 수술기의 수술 효율성 향상을 위한 진동자 임피던스 측정에 따른 조직 분류 연구

김홍래,김성천,김광기,김영우,Kim, Hong Rae,Kim, Sung Chun,Kim, Kwang Gi,Kim, Young-Woo 대한의용생체공학회 2013 의공학회지 Vol.34 No.3

Ultrasonic shears is currently in wide use as an energy device for minimal invasive surgery. There is an advantage of minimizing the carbonization behavior of the tissue due to the vibrational energy transfer system of the transducer by applying a piezoelectric ceramic. However, the vibrational energy transfer system has a pitfall in energy consumption. When the movement of the forceps is interrupted by the tissue, the horn which transfers the vibrational energy of the transducer will be affected. A study was performed to recognize different tissues by measuring the impedance of the transducer of the ultrasonic shears in order to find the factor of energy consumption according to the tissue. In the first stage of the study, the voltage and current of the transducer connecting portion were measured, along with the phase changes. Subsequently, in the second stage, the impedance of the transducer was directly measured. In the final stage, using the handpiece, we grasped the tissue and observed the impedance differences appeared in the transducer To verify the proposed tissue distinguishing method, we used the handpiece to apply a force between 5N and 10N to pork while increasing the value of the impedance of the transducer from 400 ${\Omega}$.. It was found that fat and skin tissue, tendon, liver and protein all have different impedance values of 420 ${\Omega}$, 490 ${\Omega}$, 530 ${\Omega}$, and 580 ${\Omega}$, respectively. Thus, the impedance value can be used to distinguish the type of tissues grasped by the forceps. In the future study, this relationship will be used to improve the energy efficiency of ultrasonic shears.

태극사상을 활용한 ᄒᆞᆫ태극 리더십 개발에 관한 연구

김홍래,Hong-rae Kim 대한리더십학회 2012 리더십연구 Vol.3 No.1

우리 사회가 점차 세계화되면서, 리더십 기술의 이해, 사용 및 훈련에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 이미 많은 리더십 프로그램을 우리 사회에 적용시키고자 하는 시도가 있어 왔다. 그러나 대부분의 이러한 프로그램들은 외국으로부터 온 것이어서, 일반적으로 우리 나라 정서에 대한 이해가 적고 더 나아가 우리의 사상과 대치되는 경향을 보이기도 한다. 이러한 사정을 고려해 볼 때, 한국적인, 한국 사람들에 맞는, 한국 사람들을 위한 리더십, 따라서 한국 사람들이 친근하게 느끼고 적용할 수 있는 리더십의 필요성이 대두된다. 이 논문의 주요한 목적은 바로 이 필요성을 충족시키는 데에 있다. 이를 위해, 이 논 문에서는 한국인들에게 친숙한 태극기 등을 통하여 자주 접할 수 있는 태극, 그리고 태극 사상을 리더십에 접목하여 리더십 과정을 개발하고자 하였다. 더 나아가, 태극기의 형상을 차용하여, 리더십의 간결하고 명확한 상징적 해석을 꾀함과 동시에, 한국인들이 친숙한 이미지를 통하여 학습을 용이하게 할 수 있도록 배려하였다. 그리고 “5-SHIFT”와 같은 개념을 통하여 이를 보충하고 완성하려고 노력하였다. 실제로, 한국의 문화와 다른 외국의 문화가 차이가 있다는 것은 부인하기 힘들다. 또한, 동양의 문화에 비해 서양의 문화와는 더 큰 차이가 난다는 것도 일반적인 사실이다. 이를 고려해 볼 때, 서양에서 정립된 대부분의 리더십 프로그램과는 다른 한국인의 정서에 맞는 리더십 프로그램의 필요성이 부각된다. 이 논문에서 연구하고 있는 “ᄒᆞᆫ태극 리더 십”이 이러한 역할을 충실히 수행하기를 기대한다. As our society has became globalized, there are more needs to understand, use, and teach leadership skills. Furthermore, there are even many trials to apply such leadership programs for our society. However, since most of those programs are imported from foreign countries, they generally incorporate true-values of Korean culture and sometimes they even are against the general thoughts of Koreans. Considering this situation, the leadership program which reflects true "Koreanhood", is easily understood and applied by Korean public is in great need. The purpose of this study therefore was to present a program that satisfies those conditions. For this goal, we introduced the concept of Taegeuk(the Great Absolute), the spirit of koreans, which is historically familiar to Korean people, and proposed a leadership program that enables to develop the Korean spirit based on our cultural value. In addition, with use of the shape of Taegeukgi(the flag of Korea), we tried not only to find an easy interpretation of the newly-introduced leadership but also to make Korean people accept the concept more easily. Also, in order to enhance the quality of the program, we diversified the contents of the program as in "5-SHIFT". No one could deny that there are clear differences between Koreans' minds and other foreign ones. Based on this assumption, it could be well accepted that leadership for Korean people, different from foreign one, is in absolute need. It is expected that the Han-Taegeuk Leadership, would be the answer which solves such chasms more effectively.

미래 전쟁 양상과 한국의 군사력 정비 방향

김홍래,Kim, Hong-Rae 한국방위산업진흥회 1996 國防과 技術 Vol.- No.210

초등학교 ICT 교육과정의 내용 체계에 관한 연구

김홍래,Kim, Hong-Rae 한국정보교육학회 2006 정보교육학회논문지 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study is to explore the content hierarchy of ICT curriculum in elementary school. Korea Ministry of Education has been released the 2nd ICT curriculum by last year. Over the past few years, several studies have been focused on the problem of 1st curriculum. But there has been no study that tried to find the internal justification of computer subject matter. Also there has been different hierarchy each and every textbook. And, we explored a standards of selection and a principles of organization of computer subject matter. then applied it to the content hierarchy of 2nd ICT curriculum. We tried to find relations with the content hierarchy and the types of thinking learner use. We suggests that computer subject can be organized by hierarchy of content and learners experiences. It can be logically organized between different grade, horizontally organized between same grade.

125cc급 운행 이륜차 장착용 삼원촉매 개발

김홍래(Hong-rae Kim),이정희(Jeong-hee Lee),김태민(Tae-min Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2017 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.5

신뢰성 보정된 발사체 개발비용 추정방안 연구

김홍래(Hong Rae Kim),유동서(Dong Seo Yoo),장영근(Young Keun Chang) 한국항공우주학회 2012 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.40 No.4

본 연구에서는 발사체의 개념설계 단계 동안 성능 변수뿐만 아니라 신뢰성에 따른 개발비용 추정방안을 분석하고자 하였다. 과거에는 발사체의 개발비용을 예측하기 위해서 주로 발사체의 성능과 건조 질량 등을 독립변수로 하는 추정 방법이 많이 이용되었다. 이러한 접근 방법은 비교적 근사하였지만 신뢰성 수준에 따른 비용 변화를 반영할 수 없기 때문에 원하는 신뢰성을 가진 발사체의 개발비용을 근접하게 예측하기는 쉽지 않았다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 비용추정 방법의 한계를 개선하기 위해 성능과 질량을 기반으로 한 비용 모델인 TRANSCOST에 신뢰성 개념을 도입하여 발사체 비용을 추정할 수 있는 방법론을 제시하였다. 이를 기반으로 신뢰성에 따른 한국형발사체(KSLV- II)의 개발비용을 추정했다. The purpose of this study is to perform the reliability-corrected development cost estimation of the launch vehicle at the conceptual design phase. In order to estimate the launch vehicle development cost, the estimation method based on the independent variable such as the rocket performance and dry mass has been mainly implemented up to now. This approach has made the approximate cost estimation possible, however, the cost variation according to the reliability requirement could not be reflected. In this paper, the cost estimation methodology that introduces the reliability factor in addition to the performance and mass in the TRANSCOST model is presented in order to improve the limitation of current cost estimation method. The development cost of KSLV(Korea Space Launch Vehicle)-II is estimated on the basis of this newly implemented concept with reliability as an added parameter.

미세수술용 형광영상 카메라 시스템 개발

김홍래(Hong Rae Kim),이현민(Hyun Min Lee),김연재(Yeoun Jae Kim),김광기(Kwang Gi Kim),유헌(Heon Yoo) 대한전자공학회 2016 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.6

용인지역 노인병원에 입원 중인 여성 치매노인의 배설조절 기능과 인지기능 및 일상생활 수행능력과의 상관관계

김홍래(Hong-Rae Kim),문옥곤(Ok-Kon Moon),구자풍(Ja-Pung Koo) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2015 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 노인병원에 입원 중인 여성 치매노인의 배설조절 기능과 인지기능 및 일상생활수행능력(Activities of daily living, ADL)과의 상관관계를 알아보는데 있다. 노인병원에 입원 중인 여성 환자 중 치매로 진단받은 65세 이상인 240명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구대상자들의 인지기능은 한국형 간이 정신상태 검사로 만든 설문지를 사용하였고, ADL과 배설조절 기능은 환자평가표를 활용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 상관관계 분석은 스피어만의 순위상관계수(Spearman"s rank correlation coefficient)를 사용하였다. 연구 결과를 보면 첫째, 배설조절 기능(대변조절, 소변조절)은 인지기능이 낮을수록 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 배설조절 기능에 어려움을 겪을수록 ADL의 의존도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 인지기능이 낮을수록 ADL의 의존도가 증가하는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 여성 치매노인의 배설조절 기능은 인지기능 및 ADL과 높은 상관관계가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구결과는 노인병원에 입원 중인 여성 치매노인의 관리 및 치료를 위한 기초자료로 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study was intended to find out the correlation between the continence function and cognitive function and Activities of daily living(ADL) in the elderly female with dementia. This study conducted a survey of 240 female patients over 65 years who had been in geriatric hospital and diagnosed with dementia. Data on the cognitive function were collected using a questionnaire made of K-MMSE and data on ADL and continence function were collected using patient evaluation tables. Spearman"s rank correlation coefficient was used. The results of this study is as follow; First, continence functions (fecal control, urinary control) were decreased as cognitive function was lower (p<.01). Second, dependency on others in ADL was higher as continence functions were lower (p<.01). Third, dependency on others in ADL was higher as cognitive function was lower (p<.01). These results suggest that high correlations between the cognitive function with dementia and ADL and continence function in the elderly female with dementia could be identified. The results of this study is considered utilizable as basic data for management and treatment of the elderly female with dementia patients in geriatric hospital.