외교와 미술 : 『조선왕조실록』에 기록된 대명 외교 관련 자료를 중심으로

김홍대(金弘大) 한국미술연구소 2017 美術史論壇 Vol.- No.45

This thesis examines the function and role of art in diplomacy. In diplomacy, art can be categorized into ‘Art as a gift’ and ‘Art as an art’. As ‘Art as a gift’, art was a symbol of peace between the two countries. The handicraft was widely used as a gift from both countries. Ming sent lots of silk and books, and Joseon used to send special handicrafts such as Joseon paper, silk and stone lanterns. As ‘Art as an art’, art was a good medium for relaxing diplomatic relations with diplomats, interacting with culture, and enhancing friendship. Diplomats sometimes drew pictures or created calligraphy, and sometimes enjoied art pieces together. This paper is examining how arts played a role in diplomacy of Joseon Dynasty. This study divided the characteristics of arts into four categories based on the contents recorded in the "Annals of the Joseon Dynasty": First, diplomats of both countries create artworks on the spot; second, that diplomats of Ming dynasty purchase artworks of Joseon; third, someone creates artworks to leave his or her name; and fourth, someone uses artworks for diplomatic activities. Through this categorization, the present study could see how the roles of arts are specifically revealed in the diplomatic process, and trace their significance and values. This is different from the research method and direction in previous studies, which have mainly focused on the types and contents of artwork that expresses foreign-related themes. The present study identified that the diplomacy between Ming and Joseon was unequal.

상업교육(商業敎育)의 현대적조명(現代的照明)과 신사조(新思潮)

김홍대(金弘大) 한국경영교육학회 1987 경영교육연구 Vol.1 No.-

物的 流通近代化를 위한 콘테이너化의 硏究 : 콘테이너 輸送을 中心으로

金弘大 新羅大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

This paper surveys containerization, which means the modernization of physical distribution and a revolution in transportation. Containerization, a revolution in marine transportation, enabled transportation system to be a large scale, rapid transit, exclusive use, and so it became a strategy of transportation as a reformation in physical distribution. As containerization is a means of mass-and-speedy transportation and it connects mass production and mass consumption, it is natural that containerization is popular in every nation whose phase of economic development enters the period of mass-con-sumption. I analysed in this paper the processes of the development of containerization, exportation and importation through containerization, the rout of distribution types of containerization and its problems. In all the processes of packing, transportation, cargo-working and keeping, containerization satisfied fully three major principles of transportation-economy, speed, and safety. So containerization is a revolutionary intermodal transportation system whch needs not any loading and unloading on the way. On the contrary containerization also has some restrictions : it needs lots of investment on the ships for exclusive use and include technical problems for the complete equipment of container terminal and it also causes many social problems such as extra labor, and the crisis of insurance companies, and warehouse companies. But nobody doubts that containerization, a revolutionary intermodal transportation system, influenced greatly transportation companies ; it reduced shipping expenses, insurance money and packing expenses, and shortened transportation time. All these elements are sure to profit shippers. This kind of transportation system will change the trading pattern established long ago, The reduction of cast will rationalise the transportation system, which will in turn speed up mass-production system and increase the amount of internationa1 trade and finally improve the balance of international payment.

EKF를 이용한 FOQA 프로그램 착륙궤적 시현 정확도 개선

김홍대(Hong-Dae Kim),노치성(Chi-Sung Roh) 한국항공우주학회 2023 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.4

연구논문 - 전기분과 : 전기투석에 의한 도금 폐수중의 Cu , Ni 의 농축 , 회수

김홍대,한만석,이충영,남종우 ( Hong Dae Kim,Man Seok Han,Chung Young Lee,Chong Woo Nam ) 한국공업화학회 1995 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1990 No.3

반추동물에서 분리한 혐기성 곰팡이의 성장지표간의 상관관계

김홍대,하종규,황일환,심성수 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

본 시험은 반추위 곰팡이의 성장 지표를 다양한 방법으로 측정하고, 이들과 실제 곰팡이 biomass와의 상관관계를 살펴봄으로써, 혐기성 곰팡이의 성장을 추정할 수 있는 효율적 방법을 검토하고자 수행되었다. 시험에 사용된 균주는 Neocallimastix frontalis C5-1, Piromyces sp. PH-2, Orpinomyces sp. OH-4로서 한우와 Holstein 젖소에서 분리된 것이며, 2, 4, 6일 배양후, gas production, pH를 측정하고, 원심분리 후 상층액증의 acetate 및 total carbon를 측정하였으며, 곰팡이 균체를 수거하여 freezed dryweight 및 fungal protein과 chitin을 측정하고, 주요 성장 지표간의 상관관계 (correlation coeffciency)를 검토하였다. 배양시간에 따른 반추위 곰팡이의 biomass와 성장 지표의 측정결과는 다음과 같다. 반추위 곰팡이의 동결 건조무게는, Neocallimastix frontalis C5-1, Piromyces sp. PH-2는 배양 4일까지는 증가하다가 6일째 측정시 감소하였으나, Orpinomyces sp. OH-4는 계속하여 증가하였다. 배양액의 pH 값은 배양시간에 따라 감소하다가 배양 4일 이후부터는 증가하였으며, 곰팡이가 active growth stage에 있을 때 DM과 역의 상관관계가 있었다. Gas production의 경우 균주에 따른 생산량의 차이가 있었으나, 배양일에 따라 증가하였으며, 곰팡이가 active growth stage에 있을 때 DM과 높은 상관관계가 있었다. 최종 발효대사산물인 acetate의 배양액중의 함량은 배양 4일까지 증가하다가 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 균주에 따른 차이는 있었으나 DM과 상관관계가 있었다. 그리고 fungal protein과 chitin은 곰팡이의 DM과 높은 상관관계를 나타냈으며, protein과 chitin간에도 높은 상관관계를 나타냈다. 한편, 배양액중의 total carbon의 경우 균주에 관계없이 감소하는 경향을 나타냈으며, 역의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 균주에 따라 차이는 있었지만, 조사된 곰팡이 성장지표들 중에서 배양액의 pH total cabon과 acetate의 농도, 그리고 gas production과 균체 단백질 등이 곰팡이의 건물무게와 상관관계가 높았던 것으로 조사되었다. This study was conducted to find out effective methods for estimating fungal growth by comparing various growth indicators of anaerobic rumen fungi with fungal biomass in vitro. Three different strains of ruminal fungi(Neocallimastix frontalis C5-1, Piromyces sp. PH-2, Orpinomyces sp. OH-4) were isolated from Korean native cow and Holstein dairy cow. Lysophilized dry matter, acetate, total carbon, fungal protein and chitin were determined after 2, 4, 6 days of incubation. Gas production and pH value were determined after 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 days of incubation in Lowe's medium. Fungal biomass of Neocallimastix frontalis C5-1 or Piromyces sp. PH-2 was increased during the initial 4 days of incubation, and thereafter the biomass was decreased by autolysis. On the other hand, fungal biomass of Orpinomyces sp. OH-4 was continuously increased up to 6 day incubation. There was a negative correlation between pH value and fungal dry weight during the active growth stage. The pH values of three different fungi were significantly decreased with the incubation time, but increased after 5 day incubation. Cummulative gas production was somewhat variable among fungal strains, but increased throughout the incubation period. There was a high correlation between cummulative gas production and dry matter (DM) during active growth stage. Changes in acetate concentration of the medium showed a similar pattern to that of fungal dry weight by incubation time. The fungal dry weight of OH-4 was increased during all incubation time but the acetate concentration of Orpinomyces sp. OH-4 was decreased after 4 day incubation. There was a positive correlation between acetate concentration and DM. The fungal protein was found to be a reliable indicator of fungal growth during all incubation days. Total carbon in the medium was decreased regardless of fungal strains and had a high negative correlation with DM during the active growth stage.

IORT in Gastric Cancer

Myung Se Kim(김명세) , Cheol Hoon Kang(강철훈) , Sung Kyu Kim(김성규) , Sun Kyo Song(송선교) , Koing Bo Kwan(권굉보) ,Heung Dae Kim(김홍대) 대한방사선종양학회 1991 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.9 No.1

영남대학병원에서는 1988년 6월 15일부터 1990년 9월 15일까지 절제가능한 국소 진행된 위암 환자중 원격 전이를 확인할 수 없었던 환자 총 28명을 prospective randomized protocol에 의한 치료를 계획하였다. 28명중, 개복후 절제가 불가능했던 환자 3명과 stage la로 판명된 환자 1명을 제외한 24명에서 외과적 근치절제수술후 1500 cGy를 9MeV의 전자선을 이용하여 1회에 조사하였다. 외부 방사선 치료는 수술후 4주 이내에 시작하여 하루 180 cGy 주 5회 치료법으로 4300~4500 cGy를 조사하였다. 항암요법은 protocol에 의하여 5-FU, Mitomycin-C, Adriamycin, Uraful을 여러 가지 조합으로 투여하였다. 3개월에서 31개월 간의 추적기간 중에 방사선 조사와 관계되는 심한 부작용은 보고되지 않았다. 짧은 추적 기간이므로 생존율을 산출할 수 없겠으나 수술중 방사선치료, 외부방사선치료와 여러 가지 항암제를 병합 투여하였음에도 불구하고 심한 부작용이 발견되지 않았을 뿐 아니라 현재까지 국소재발이 한 예에서도 발견되지 않았음으로 수술중 방사선 치료의 국소 재발 억제 및 방지의 효과가 확실시되며 계속되는 추적검사에서도 좋은 생존율이 기대된다. Total 28 patients with resectable, locally advanced gastric cancer were entered in our prospective randomized study from June 15, 1988 to Sep, 15, 1990 in Yeungnam University Hospital. This study consisted of curative resection, IORT, external irradiation and combination of chamotherapy. Twenty-four of 28 patients were treated with single dose of 1500 cGy with 9 MeV election intraoperatively. External irradiation of 4300~4500 cGy with 180 cGy per fraction, 5 days per week was started within 4th weeks of postoperative days. Various chemotherapy with or without external irradiation were added for reducing hematogenous and/or peritoneal dissemina-tion and determination of complication of each arm. Duration of follow up was 4~31 months. No serious complication related with radiation were reported compare to resection and chemother-apy only group. Although out follow up period is too short to draw any conclusion, IORT appears to improve local control, hopely further survival. Continuous follow up should be needed for evaluation of real therapeutic gain such as complication vs. improved survival.

그래핀 나노복합체를 이용한 고분산 나노촉매의 제조 및 NOx 저감 특성향상

김홍대(Hong-Dae Kim),정보라(Bora Jeong),예보라(Bora Ye),김억수(Eok-Soo Kim) 한국에너지기후변화학회 2018 한국에너지기후변화학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.5

외상성 양성 돌발성 체위성 현훈과 특발성 양성 돌발성 체위성 현훈의 임상적 특징의 비교

김홍대,윤희수,정재호,유한석,박철원,이승환 대한이비인후과학회 2016 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.59 No.12

Background and Objectives Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common diseases in patients with dizziness after head trauma. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of the traumatic BPPV (tBPPV) compared with idiopathic BPPV (iBPPV). Subjects and Method From January 2008 to June 2015, a retrospective review was performed on 572 patients diagnosed with BPPV and treated with appropriate canalith reposition maneuver. Clinical characteristics of patients, such as age, sex, affected semicircular canal, and number of reposition maneuver were evaluated and compared between iBPPV and tBPPV. Canal change and recurrence rate were also assessed. Results Among 572 BPPV patients, 509 were iBPPV and 63 were tBPPV. The male to female ratio was higher in tBPPV (26/37) than in iBPPV (142/367) (p=0.028). Posterior semicircular canal (PSCC) was more commonly affected than lateral semicircular canal in the tBPPV group compared with the iBPPV group (38/18 vs. 244/257). Also multiple canal was more commonly affected in the tBPPV group than in the iBPPV group (11.11/3.54%) (p=0.001). The tBPPV group needed fewer number of canalith reposition maneuver for symptom relief than the iBPPV group did (1.35 vs. 1.53, p=0.048). The side of affected canal was more frequently changed in tBPPV than in iBPPV (22.22% vs. 11.98%, p=0.023). There was no significant difference in recurrence rate between tBPPV and iBPPV (18.87% vs. 19.25%, p=0.518). However, the tBPPV group had a tendency of earlier recurrence than the iBPPV patients (1.33 month vs. 2.86 month, p=0.050). Conclusion tBPPV was more common in male and PSCC was usually affected. The tBPPV patients had a tendency of frequently changing the canal type and an earlier recurrence than the iBPPV patients. These distinguished clinical features would be useful in diagnosing and managing tBPPV patients. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2016;59(12):819-24

대장직장항문운동질환: 만성변비의 외과적 치료

김홍대,김광연 대한소화관운동학회 1995 대한소화관운동학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2 No.-