논문 : 영화와 장소의 현상학적 지리학: 김곡의 <고갈>과 홍상수의 <극장전>, <옥희의 영화>를 중심으로

김충국 ( Choong Kook Kim ) 부산대학교 영화연구소 2011 아시아영화연구 Vol.4 No.1

이 연구는 영화 작품에서 재현되는 장소의 의미 분석을 통하여 그 예술성을 규명하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 그 분석의 대상작품으로는 김곡의 <고갈>과 홍상수의 <극장전>, <옥희의 영화>를 채택하였다. <고갈>은 추상적인 공간을 거친 화면에 담아내어 현실에서는 존재하지 않는 새로운 세계를 창조하였으며, 홍상수의 영화들은 이와 반대로 구체적인 표식이 있는 현실 공간을 그대로 끌어와 인물과 사건들을 배치하는 방법을 취하였다. 이 두 방법은 장소 재현의 양 극단을 보여주지만 궁극적으로는 그런 시도들이 하나로 수렴되는 가치를 지향한다는 점을 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위해 장소 분석의 방법론으로 에드워드 렐프의 지리학 이론을 수용하였는데 그의 이론은 인간 경험의 총체성과 불가분성을 전제로 순수한 의식 체험으로서의 존재를 찾아나가는 현상학적 방법론을 바탕으로 하여 인간의 본질은 거주함에 있다는 하이데거의 통찰을 논증한다. 이 방법론은 예술로서의 영화가 가지는 장소성의 특질을 해명할 것으로 기대되는바 인간적 주체성, 환경, 생활을 미학적으로 구현함으로써 인본주의적 가치를 세우는 예술의 인본주의적 기능을 영화 속에서 발견하는 데 그 의의가 있다. 우리는 이를 통해 영화 속에 존재하는 예술적 요소들을 발견하고 그 미학적 의미를 깊이 있게 이해할 수 있는 단초를 얻을 수 있게 될 것이다. The purpose of this study is to identify the artistic factors of cinema by analyzing the meaning of the place represented in films. The selected films to be analyzed are Kim Gok`s Exhausted(2008) and Hong Sang-Soo`s Tale Of Cinema(2005), Oki`s Movie(2010). Exhausted has created a new world does not exist in reality by capturing an abstract space on the screen. On the other hand, Hong Sang Soo has taken a real space with concrete markers and placed figures and events. The two methods of representing the places showed two extremes, but will ultimately converge to a single purpose. In this study, Edward Relph`s geographical methodology was introduced. His theory is based on a phenomenological methodology which assumes the totality and indivisibility of human experience. It try to find being as the pure conscious experience. It proves that the insights of Heidegger: “The nature of human beings is to dwelling.” This methodology is expected to explain the characteristics of placeness in film as art by aesthetic realization of Human subjectivity, the environment, and the life. So through in this study, we will be able to discover artistic factors and to get a glimpse which understanding its aesthetic meaning in depth.

벼재배시 헤어리벳치 녹비의 이용 효과

김충국(Chung-Guk Kim),서종호(Jong-Ho Seo),조현숙(Hyeoun-Suk Cho),최성호(Seong-Ho Choi),김시주(Si-Ju Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2002 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.35 No.3

분단과 영화

김충국(Kim, Choong-Kook) 부산대학교 한국민족문화연구소 2014 한국민족문화 Vol.53 No.-

이 글은 신자유주의 시대라 일컬어지는 98년 한국 금융위기사태 이후의 분단영화 변화에 관한 연구이다. 분단영화는 분단의 현실과 그 영향을 주요 소재로 삼으면서 동시에 분단에 대한 개인적, 사회적 인식과 정서가 영화의 내러티브와 표현에 한국영화만의 고유한 특이점을 부여하는 영화를 총칭하는 개념이다. 최근의 분단영화에서 주목할 만한 변화는 크게 세 가지로 나타난다. 첫째로 간첩 캐릭터의 변화이다. 간첩은 공포의 대상에서 ‘생계에 허덕이는 모습’으로 바뀌어 재현된다. 이것은 대중이 자신의 처지를 간첩과 동일시하려는 의도에서 발생하는바 역사적으로도 간첩은 관객이 주체와 이데올로기를 봉합하는 매개였다는 사실에 주목하였다. 둘째로 다문화사회로 변화한 한국사회에서 탈북자가 영화의 소재도 등장하였다. 그 재현의 양상은 타자화되는 경향을 띠는데 현재는 이주 동포 간의 위계가 발생하고 있다. 조선족은 열등하고 범죄적인 이미지로 전락한 반면 탈북이주민은 여전히 중립적이거나 호의적으로 재현하는 경향이 지속된다. 셋째는 최근 새로운 사회문제로 대두되는 소위 ‘북한 인권 영화’의 등장이다. 이것은 남북갈등의 불씨로 작용할 우려가 크다는 문제를 안고 있다. 결국 분단영화는 관객 또는 영화제작자가 주체의 불완전성을 보상받으려는 봉합 욕망의 작용이 투영된다. 그러므로 분단을 극복하는 영화는 봉합을 넘어 다문화사회에 필요한 시민의식을 회복하는 데 일조하는 영화가 되어야 한다. This article is about change pattern of the ‘division film’ in South Korea since 1998 financial crisis, also known as neo-liberalism era. The concept of ‘division film’ is the unique singularity film in the narrative and representation under the social perception and personal judgment about division. Notable changes in the division are three kinds recently. The first is a change in the character of spy. The spy character changes to "struggling to living". This occurs in the intention to equate spy and spectator’s plight. Historically spy is parameter to suture subject and ideology. Second, In Korea has changed into a multicultural society, the hierarchy occurs in the North Korean migrants and Korean Chinese. The image of Korean Chinese are inferior and criminal. but the North Korean migrants are represented in neutral or favorable. Third is the emergence of the so-called "North Korean human rights films". It can act unfortunately as a spark of division conflict. Eventually the division film project sutural desire of to compensation of subject’s completeness. Therefore, the division film should be overcome sutural fantasy and helped to regain citizenship in a multicultural society beyond suture.

암기간과 야간조파에 따른 벼와 콩의 출수,개화 반응

김충국 ( Kim Chung Gug ),서종호 ( Seo Jong Ho ),최성호 ( Choe Seong Ho ),최경진 ( Choe Gyeong Jin ),이진모 ( Lee Jin Mo ),변종영 ( Byeon Jong Yeong ) 한국농림기상학회 2003 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.5 No.3

N/A Extended light illumination by street lamp and automobile light has provoked problem in farmland. Night break was imposed by incandescent lamp (50~60 lux) for 10 minutes every three hours during 12 hours dark period increased culm length compared to continuous dark of 12 hours, and decreased the number of grains per spike in rice. However, these characters were increased by 12 hours dark period with and without night break as compared to 9 hours continuous dark condition. Compared to 12 hours continuous dark condition, night break delayed heading by 9 and 26 days and 9 hours continuous dark condition delayed it by 47 and 41 days in Ilpumbyeo and Hwaseongbyeo, respectively. Night break increased stem length and node number; while decreased pods of soybean cultivar Hwanggeumkong. The stem length and node number were increased by 9 hours continuous dark condition compared to 12 hours dark condition with and without night break. Compared to 12 hours continuous dark condition, night break delayed flowering by 4 days and to 9 hours continuous dark condition by 19 days.

시호(柴胡)의 재식밀도(栽植密度)가 생육(生育)과 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김충국(Young Guk Kim),임대준(Jin Ki Bang),유홍섭(Hong Seob Yu),이승택(Seoung Tack Lee) 한국약용작물학회 1997 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Bupleurum falcatum is one of the oldest medicinal crop spontaneously generated as well as cultivated by man and successfully grown during the summer season in Korea. This study was con-ducted to examine the effect of planting density in the row spacing and hill spacing system using machine seeder on major agronomic traits, yield and labor saving. In 1993 and 1994, a spilt plot design was used with row spacing as the main plot and hill spacing as subplot. Labor saving efficiency of the machine se-eder reduced 96% than the hand seeding in sowing time required. Number of seeding stand increased, but stem height and number of nodes did not affect with different density in each row and hill spacing. There were reduced with narrow hill spacing on stem diameter, number of branches, shoot weight and root traits. There was no significant interaction between row and hill spacing for any major traits studied except shoot weight. Yield was more increase at 20cm than at 30cm row spacing. For these studies the op-tiomum density appears to be between drilling or 5cm hill spacing with 20cm row spacing. A highly sig-nificant positive correlation was appeared between number of seedling stand and root yield.

연구보문 : 바이오에너지 생산을 위한 헤어리베치 피복 옥수수 무경운재배 시 재식밀도와 시비량에 따른 생육 및 수량

김충국 ( Chung Guk Kim ),조현숙 ( Hyeoun Suk Cho ),전원태 ( Weon Tai Jeon ),성기영 ( Ki Yeung Seong ),정광호 ( Kwang Ho Jeong ),최봉수 ( Bong Su Choi ),조영손 ( Young Son Cho ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2011 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

This study was conducted to develop no-till cultivation system and to reduce agro-chemicals input by cut mulching of hairy vetch on corn cultivation for bio-energy production. Corn was sown with 2 planting density (71,430 and 125,000 plants ha-1) on 20 May in 2009 under no-till cultivation with cut mulching of hairy vetch. In no-till corn cultivation with cut mulching of hairy vetch, the plant height, diameter of main stem and SPAD value decreased with increasing the planting density. Ear position of corn was high and silking date of corn cultivated in cut mulching of hairy vetch was also delayed average 3 days as compared with the conventional practice, and it was associated with increasing the plant density and reducing the fertilizer application level. Moreover, dominant weeds in corn cultivation field were Persicaria blumei, Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel. and Echinochloa crusgalli, and the dry weight of weed decreased with increasing the soil cover rate of hairy vetch. Amount of the bio-ethanol production in cut mulching of hairy vetch decreased by 10.2 to 41.1% and it seemed to be associated with increasing the plant density and reducing the fertilizer application level. At no-till corn cultivation with cut mulching of hairy vetch for bio-energy production, the biomass production of combined system of reducing fertilizer application level of 50% and the planting density of 125,000 plants ha-1 would be similar to the conventional one and it could be suitable for eco-friendly bio-energy corn production.

토양수분 부족이 토천궁의 (土川芎) 생육에 미치는 영향

김충국(Chung Guk Kim),강병화(Byeung Hoa Kang),고문환(Mun Hwan Koh),정동희(Dong Hee Jung),서종허(Jong Ho Seo) 한국약용작물학회 1996 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.4 No.4

The experiment was conducted to clarify the effect of water stress treatment on growth character of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. The water stress treatment was imposed artificially on seedling, flowering and rhizome enlargement stage of the plant. The decrease ratio of leaf area compare with control decreased to 24.4% by water stress treatment at seedling stage and to 41.6% at rhizome enlargement stage. The reduction rate of chlorophyll content at the end of water stress treatment was 41.2% at the seedling stage and no difference at the flowering stage. The chlorophyll content of water stress treatment on seedling and flowering stage was recovered to 95% at harvest time. The ratio of rootlet distribution from top soil to 10㎝ depth showed maximum to 90% at the seedling stage and to 20㎝ depth showed maximum to 6.4% at the rhizome enlargement stage. The dry weight of rootlet was decreased to 19.3∼40.3% by water stress treatment. Dry weight of aerial part and underground part of the plant decreased in the order of seedling, flowering, rhizome enlargement and control and the dry weight of aerial part decrease more severely than underground part.

FUZZY LIE IDEALS AND FUZZY LIE SUBALGEBRAS

CHUNG-GOOK KIM(김충국) 한국지능시스템학회 1995 한국지능시스템학회 학술발표 논문집 Vol.- No.-

REDEFINING THE SUP-MIN PRODUCT ON FUZZY LIE IDEALS

CHUNG-GOOK KIM(김충국) 한국지능시스템학회 1996 한국지능시스템학회 학술발표 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

EXTENSION OF FUZZY LIE SUBALGEBRAS AND FUZZY LIE IDEALS ON U(L)

CHUNG GOOK KIM(김충국),HEE SIK KIM(김희식) 한국지능시스템학회 1996 한국지능시스템학회 학술발표 논문집 Vol.6 No.2