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김연실 대한방사선종양학회 2017 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.35 No.1
Locoregional failure is the most frequent pattern of failure in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients and it leads to death in most of the patients. Second primary tumors occurring in the other head and neck region reach up to almost 40% of long-term survivors. Recommended and preferred retreatment option in operable patients is salvage surgical resection, reporting a 5-year overall survival of up to 40%. However, because of tumor location, extent, and underlying comorbidities, salvage surgery is often limited and compromised by incomplete resection. Reirradiation with or without combined chemotherapy is an appropriate option for unresectable recurrence. Reirradiation is carefully considered with a case-by-case basis. Reirradiation protocol enrollment is highly encouraged prior to committing patient to an aggressive therapy. Radiation doses greater than 60 Gy are usually recommended for successful salvage. Despite recent technical improvement in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), the use of concurrent chemotherapy, and the emergence of molecularly targeted agents, careful patient selection remain as the most paramount factor in reirradiation. Tumors that recur or persist despite aggressive prior chemoradiation therapy imply the presence of chemoradio-resistant clonogens. Treatment protocols that combine novel targeted radiosensitizing agents with conformal high precision radiation are required to overcome the resistance while minimizing toxicity. Recent large number of data showed that IMRT may provide better locoregional control with acceptable acute or chronic morbidities. However, are required before a definitive conclusion can be drawn on safety and effectiveness of IMRT.
김연실,김범수,정소령,이연수,김민식,선동일,유은정,문성권,윤세철,정수미,김훈교,조승호,강진형 대한암학회 2008 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.40 No.4
Purpose: This retrospective study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of radiation therapy (RT) with/without cisplatin-based chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). Materials and Methods: One hundred forty six patients with NPC received curative RT and/or cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Thirty-nine patients were treated with induction chemotherapy (IC), including cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil followed by RT. Another 63 patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) using cisplatin, and 22 patients were treated with IC followed by CCRT. The remaining 22 patients were treated with RT alone. Results: One hundred four (80.0%) patients achieved complete response (CR), and 23 (17.7%) patients achieved partial response (PR). The patterns of failure were: locoregional recurrences in 21.2% and distant metastases in 17.1%. Five-year overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were 50.7% and 45.0%, respectively. Multivariate Cox stepwise regression analysis revealed CR to chemoradiotherapy to be a powerful prognostic factor for OS. CR to chemoradiotherapy and completion of radiation according to the time schedule were favorable prognostic factors for PFS. A comparison of each treatment group (IC → RT vs. CCRT vs. IC → CCRT vs. RT alone) revealed no significant differences in the OS or PFS. However, subgroup analysis showed significant differences in both OS and DFS in favor of the combined chemoradiotherapy group compared with RT alone, for stage IV and T3-4 tumors. Grade 3-4 toxicities were more common in the combined chemoradiotherapy arm, particularly in the CCRT group. Conclusions: This study was limited in that it was a retrospective study, much time was required to collect patients, and there were imbalances in the number of patients in each treatment group. Combined chemoradiotherapy remarkably prolonged the OS and PFS in subgroup patients with stage IV or T3-4 NPC.
차량 환경에서 RTK 위치 결정을 위한 저가 관성센서 기반 GPS 반송파 불연속 측정치 검출
김연실,송준솔,박병운,기창돈 한국항공우주학회 2014 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.4
사이클 슬립은 RTK(Real-time Kinematics)와 같은 GPS 반송파 기반 위치 결정 알고리즘에 있어서 매우 중요한 이슈 중 하나이다. 약한 신호에서 매우 빈번히 발생하며 위치 결정 정확도를 현저히 저하시키기 때문이다. 사이클 슬립을 검출하기 위하여 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔으며 INS(Inertial Navigation System)를 이용한 방법 또한 연구되어 왔다. 본 논문은 차량환경에서 RTK 위치 결정을 위하여 저가 관성센서를 이용하여 사이클 슬립을 검출하는 알고리즘을 제시한다. GPS 수신기에서 수신된 반송파 신호와 INS 로부터 추정한 반송파 신호를 비교하여 잔여오차를 모니터링 값으로 정의하여 검사함으로써 사이클 슬립 발생 여부를 판단한다. 저가의 시스템을 구성하기 위해 MEMS 급의 관성센서를 사용하였으며 고 해상도의 사이클 슬립 검출 성능을 위해 짧은 시간 동안 정확한 상대위치 추정이 가능한 INS 의 장점을 고려한 모니터링 값을 정의하고 결과를 분석하였다. 실 차량을 이용한 실험을 통해 제시한 알고리즘의 성능을 평가하였다. Cycle-slip detection is one of the most important issue to implement a GPS carrier phase positioning system to a vehicle, because cycle-slip is very frequent to the weak carrier signal. It results in a degradation of the vehicle’s position accuracy with a wrong ambiguity resolution. Cycle slip detection algorithms have been studied and developed for several decades. To detect the cycle-slip INS (Inertial Navigation System) occasionally suggested to be integrated with GPS. This paper represents the GPS cycle slip detection algorithm by using Low-cost MEMS IMU for RTK positioning of land vehicle. The cycle slip is detected by comparing carrier phase measurement from GPS satellite with estimated range from integration navigation solution. The residual between the estimated and measured range is defined as a monitoring value. To achieve the cost-effectiveness, we use MEMS grade IMU. And to achieve the high resolution cycle slip detection performance, we define the monitoring value by considering the advantage of INS which has accurate relative positioning performance in short time duration. By conducting the land vehicle experiment, we verify the performance of proposed algorithm.
김연실 선문대학교 신학대학 1999 선문대학교 신학대학논문집 Vol.1999 No.-
성장하고 있는 교회는 건강한 교회이다. 살아 숨쉬는 교회이다. 그러나 이것을 반대로 생각하면 성장하지 못하는 교회는 곧 건강하지 못한 교회가 된다. 정체되어 있으며 죽은 교회라 할 수 있다. 상처가 난 부위를 누군가가 건드린다면 심한 통증을 느끼게 될 것이다. 그러나 그 상처를 그냥 내버려 두어서 스스로 아물게 할 것이 아니라, 지금의 작은 상처로 인해 도리어 더 큰 아픔을 겪어야 된다면, 그 상처를 건드려 지금 당장은 심한 통증을 느낄지라도 치료를 시도하여야 할 것이다. In order to develop the multi-heat pump system for two zones with different capacity, the optimum refrigerant control circuit using capillary tubes was designed. The system characteristics of multi-heat pump was investigated from the rating test and the reliability test, by using the multi-calorimeter with a high performance. The results of the rating test showed that the capacity of the multi-heat pump system satisfied about 93% of the design value. In particular, the capacity of cooling single mode increased about 13% and the capacity of heating multi mode increased about 5%, compared to the design value. And the rating refrigerant, the compressor capacity and the accumulator capacity for the multi-heat pump were obtained.