우나무노의 착하신 성 마누엘을 통해살펴본 맹신적 내세관과 회의적 영세론

김달용 조선대학교 외국문화연구소 1990 外國文化硏究 Vol.13 No.1

Pound's "Modern Eleusis" and Nietzsche's Dionysianism

김달용 한국영어영문학회 2003 영어 영문학 Vol.49 No.4

Ezra Pound suggested the necessity of reviving the Greek mystery of Eleusis to seek a source of enlightened consciousness in the modern age. Dionysiac vitality and exhilaration are intrinsic to his interest in ancient mystery cults, Bacchic festivals, and other irrational rituals. Pounds struggling progress from the sense of cultural crisis to the experience of mystical illumination underscores Nietzsches insight into the Dionysiac myth as a sacred primordial site of life. Pound and Nietzsche believed that the Dionysian cults, which led the initiated to generate ecstasy, euphoria, and intensity of will, could help moderns snap out of the impotence, inanition, and sterilization of the modern world. Pounds poetry attempts to recapture the Dionysian numens as embodiments of eternal processes in nature and makes his poetic world numinous by foregrounding the presence of Dionysus in all animals (particularly cats), plants, and trees. Nietzsche proposed the will to power and the eternal recurrence as the Dionysian concepts of nature that he expected to transform the consciousness of modern humans and the structure of Western culture. The mysteries of Eleusis basically mime natures reproductive process that employs the occult idea of sexual illumination and ritualistic initiations. The discussion of Pounds occultism in terms of Nietzsches Dionysian vitalism results in identifying the occult images from ancient mystical remains as expressing the religious intelligence and sensibility of discovering and creating divinity in nature.

칠레의 개방화 전략 : 1990 년대를 중심으로

김달용 한국서어서문학회 1998 스페인어문학 Vol.13 No.1

La estrategia tradicional de la economi′a chilena era de sustitucio′n de importaciones que se baso′ en la poli′tica "Hacia Afuera". Esta poli′tica se implementaba con la poli′tica llamada "Via al Socialismo" llevado a cabo por Salvador Allende que tomo′ el poder en 1970. Desde entonces, la economi′a chilena se enfrento′ con la expansio′n de la deuda externa, la enorme desocupacio′n y la galopante inflacio′n que resultaron en la gran crisis econo′mica en 1973. Por lo tanto, la primera tarea que Pinochet debi′a resolver en aquel entonces era una bu′squeda del modelo econo′mico apropiado para liberarse del caos social. Para tal proposito, Pinochet invito′ a los economistas que eran seguidores de Milton Friedman o sea "Nin~os de Chicago" cuya teorema era del principio de libre mercado. Ellos desarrollaron un modelo econo′mico que teni′a el virage total de la poli′tica tradiconal. Este nuevo modelo econo′mico conto′ con las dos poli′ticas, "Apertura del mercado inferno" y "Privatizacion". La primera teni′a por el objeto estabilizar la inflacio′n y aumentar exportacio′n, la segunda, reducir el de′ficit fiscal y quitar mal manejo y la ineficacia de las empresas estatales. Estas dos poli′ticas eran los pilares para salvar la nacio′n de la crisis econo′mica los cuales teni′an efectos positivos tanto en el ingreso fiscal para reducir el de′ficit de las empresas estatales como en exportaciones. Resultaron en la ra′pida expansio′n de exportaciones. Pinochet empezo′ a implementar vigorosamente la poli′tica de "Apertura Unilateral" a pesar del mercado pequen~o inferno y la de′bil estructura industrial. La poli′tica de exportaciones se ha visto peligrosa por los ojos de los pai′ses vecinos de Ame′rica Latina. La estrategia del modelo de desarrollo para la apertura unilateral se ha sostenido hasta 1989 a fin de tanto mejorar las circunstancias para el comercio, la finanza, e1 capital y la inversio′n, y de quitar las barrerras existentes en los mercados financiero, monetario y comercial como de poner en vigencia el mecaniamo instrumental por medio de modificar la ley y las regulaciones. Estas poli′tical transferieron en 1990 al gobierno de Patricio Aylwin como eran. Posteriormente, las political econo′micas de la apertura unilateral se han sostenido aun hasta 1993. Sin embargo, desde aquel tiempo, el gobierno civil se vio obligado a renunciar la poli′tica de la apertura unilateral y en su lugar, adopto′ la poli′tica de Ia apertura bilateral y/o multilateral debido al cambio de las estructuras econo′micas mundiales al cierre de la "Guerra Fri′a". Al mismo tiempo, la privatizacio′n vino a mostrar el feno′meno relajado y la apertura unilateral perdio′ la luz bajo tanto la profundizacio′n de bloques comerciales regionales como la nueva estructura de la Organizacio′n Mundial de Comercio. Es decir, Chile debi′a tomar la poli′tica de apertura bilateral y/o multilateral y tratar de promover la insercio′n al mercado mundial al ritmo acelerado, incrementando el poder de negociacio′n con Estados Unidos, Union Europea y MERCOSUR. Como resultado, Chile ha llegado a ser uno de los pai′ses que sosteni′an el alto crecimiento econo′mico, la expansio′n de PIB, la baja inflacio′n, el incremento de exportaciones y produccio′n industrial, y el creciente flujo de la inversio′n extranjera. Por an~adidura, Chile pudo lograr el resultado positivo macroecono′mico en el campo de ahorro interno y la inversio′n externa. Estas criterias, llevo′ a Chile al cre′dito internacional de A- y el caso chileno se ha hecho como ejemplar para los otros paises del Tercer Mundo. Seri′a una ironi′a ver la contradictoria de las economi′as de los dos paises, Corea y Chile que experimentaron la misma sostenida tasa de crecimiento bajo los regi′menes militares. Al momento de desaparecer el milagro de Ri′o Han, las exitosas poli′ticas econo′micas de Chile nos dan gran significacio′n.

페루의 경제특성과 현황

김달용 한국라틴아메리카학회 1990 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.3 No.1

1990년대 멕시코 대미관계의 현상과 전망

김달용 한국라틴아메리카학회 1993 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.6 No.1

Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel-supported forward osmosis membranes with high performance and excellent pH stability

김달용,박호식,박유인,이정현 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.99 No.-

A new class of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel support was used to fabricate a forward osmosis (FO)membrane with high performance and excellent pH resistance. The intrinsically hydrophilic PVA supportformed by non-solvent-induced phase separation and subsequent crosslinking exhibited a thin ( 40 mm)and highly porous scaffold-like structure with high pore interconnectivity, achieving a considerably lowstructural parameter ( 184 mm). Toluene-assisted interfacial polymerization was also employed tofabricate a polyamide (PA) selective layer with high water permeance and salt selectivity on the preparedhydrophilic PVA support. The fabricated PVA supported-thinfilm composite (PVA-TFC) membraneexhibited 2.7–3.7 times higher FO mode waterflux and 70–78% lower specific saltflux than commercialFO membranes with a draw solution of 1.0 M NaCl and a feed solution of DI water. The PVA-TFCmembrane also outperformed other previously reported FO membranes. In addition, the PVA-TFCmembrane had superior pH resistance when compared with commercial FO membranes, which isimparted by the excellent pH stability of both its PA selective layer and PVA support. Our strategy pavesthe way for the fabrication of high-performance and pH-resistant FO membranes that can be employed inharsh water environments.

Phase II Study of S-1 Plus Either Irinotecan or Docetaxel for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with More Than Three Lines of Treatment

김달용,이대호,장선주,김상위,서철원,이정신 대한암학회 2011 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.43 No.4

Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a combination treatment of S-1 plus either irinotecan or docetaxel for advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who have already failed 3 or more lines of treatment. Materials and Methods This was a prospective single center phase II study. The eligible patients received S-1 40 mg/m2twice a day orally on days 1 though 14 combined with irinotecan 150 mg/m2on D1 only or docetaxel 35 mg/m2 on D1 and D8. The treatment was repeated every 3 weeks until disease progression,unacceptable toxicity, or patient refusal. The choice between the two regimens was made at the discretion of the treating physician. Results A total of 14 patients participated in the study. There were 3 patients with squamous cell carcinoma,9 with adenocarcinoma, and 2 with NSCLC, NOS. Eight of the patients were male. There were 8 patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) of 1, and 6 patients with an ECOG of 2. All the patients had already been treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Out of the 14 patients, 10 received irinotecan and S-1 and the other 4 received docetaxel and S-1. Twelve patients had also received pemetrexed. Disappointingly, there were no response from 2 patients with a stable disease, and therefore, as per the protocol, we stopped the study early. With a median follow-up time of 49months, the median survival time was 5.6 months (95% confidence interval, 4.3 to 6.9 months). Conclusion S-1 containing doublets did not show activity in this population as a salvage treatment and further investigation cannot be recommended.

Use of a High-Throughput Genotyping Platform (OncoMap) for RAS Mutational Analysis to Predict Cetuximab Efficacy in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

김달용,홍용상,김정은,김규표,이재련,천성민,김지훈,장세진,김태원 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.1

Purpose Cetuximab demonstrates improved efficacy outcomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) harboring wild-type KRAS exon 2. Resistance to cetuximab is mediated by activating less frequent mutations in the RAS genes beyond KRAS exon 2. We performed extended RASmutational analysis using a high -throughput genotyping platform (OncoMap) and evaluated extended RAS analysis for predicting cetuximab efficacy in patients harboring wild-type KRAS exon 2 tumors following Sanger sequencing. Materials and Methods Extended RAS analysis was performed on 227 wild-type KRAS exon 2 mCRC patients who received cetuximab as salvage treatment using OncoMap ver. 4.0. Targeted genes included exon 2, exon 3, and exon 4, both in KRAS and NRAS, and included BRAF exon 15. We assessed efficacy by the new RAS mutation status. Results The OncoMap detected 57 additional mutations (25.1%): 25 (11%) in KRAS exon 2 and 32 (14.1%) beyond KRAS exon 2. Survival differences were observed after dividing patients into the wild-type RAS group (n=170) and mutant RAS group (n=57) using OncoMap. Progression-free survival was 4.8 months versus 1.8 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32 to 0.61), and overall survival was 11.9 months versus 8.4 months (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.88). Conclusion Sanger sequencing is not sufficient for selecting candidates for cetuximab treatment. High - throughput extended RAS genotyping is a feasible approach for this purpose and identifies patients who might benefit from cetuximab treatment.

라틴아메리카 지역연구에 관한 일고

김달용 한국라틴아메리카학회 1989 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.2 No.1

탈냉전 시대의 쿠바

김달용 한국라틴아메리카학회 1992 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.5 No.1