운곡 시의 후대 전승과 수용 양상

권현주(Hyun-ju Kwon) 운곡학회 2022 운곡논총 Vol.12 No.-

운곡은 여말선초에 은거의 삶을 살았던 인물로 유명하며, 시조는 네 작품이 남아 있다. 필자는 운곡의 시조가 시조라는 장르의 출발점에 있는 중요한 작품이라는 인식과 함께 후대의 작품에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지를 분석해보고자 하였다. 특히, 운곡이 기술한 고려에 대한 절의가 후대에는 어떤 모습으로 전승, 수용되었는지에 대해 본 연구를 통해 살펴보고자 하였다. 운곡이 창작한 네 작품의 시조 중 한 작품은(4002) 후대에 전승, 수용되지 않아 본고는 세 작품의 시조를 연구대상으로 하였다. 운곡의 시조 4723을 수용한 작품은 총 4작품으로 4723에서 운곡은 흥과 망이 운수에 있다고 하였으며, ‘망’의 때를 맞이한 고려의 상황을 이 작품에서 노래하였다. 이를 수용한 4722는 송강의 시조로 4723과 겉모습은 상당히 닮아 있지만 이야기하고자 하는 바는 달랐다. 송강은 ‘망’보다 현재의 ‘흥’에 충실한 모습을 보인 것이다. 주옹의 시조 2223의 초장과 종장은 운곡의 시어를 수용, 중장은 삼봉(三峰)의 작품을 수용하고 있었다. 두 작품 모두 고려를 소재로 하고 또 너무나도 유명하여 자연스럽게 발현된 것이라 하겠다. 시조 5445는 운곡의 시조를 수용하였으나 표현상의 변이가 더해 만월대의 슬픔을 묘사하였다. 마지막으로 시조 5295의 경우는 작자가 운곡과 같은 상황에 처하였기에 운곡의 시어를 수용하였다. 하지만, 운곡처럼 국가의 ‘망’을 노래하는 것이 아닌 국가의 ‘흥’을 바라는 마음을 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 운곡의 시조 946은 총 두 작품에서 종장만 수용되었다. 특히, 시조 946은 대나무(竹)를 소재로 하여 굳은 절의를 보여주었지만 이 작품을 수용한 시조 1229와 시조 445에서는 ‘국화’를 소재로 한 것이 특징이었다. 운곡의 시조 1866은 초장과 중장에 엄자릉의 고사를 기술하고 있으며, 단 한 작품에서 수용된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 운곡이 엄자릉의 고사를 수용한 것은 자신이 은자로 살아가는 것을 이해시킬 필요가 있었기 때문이었다. 시조 1867은 운곡의 시조를 수용하여 ‘은일’을 가장 완벽하게 표현하고 있었다. 이처럼 운곡의 세 작품은 15세기부터 20세기의 시조 작품에 수용되었으며 이로 인하여 운곡 시조의 위상을 확인할 수 있었다. Ungok is famous as a person who lived a life of seclusion at the end of the Goryeo Dynasty, and four works of Sijo remain. The author tried to analyze Ungok’s Sijo as an important work at the starting point of the genre and how it influenced the works of later generations. In particular, this study was intended to examine how the rituals for Goryeo honor by Ungok were transmitted and accepted in the future generations. One of the four poems created by Ungok (4002) was handed down and not accepted. There are a total of 4 works that accommodated Ungok’s progenitor 4723. Ungok said that rise and fall are in fortune, and the situation of Goryeo, facing the time of ‘fall’, is sung in this work. 4722, who accepted this, is Song Kang’s progenitor and is very similar to 4723 in appearance, but the point of the story is different. Song Kang was more faithful to the present ‘rise’ than ‘fall’. Chojang and Jongjang of Jooong’s founder 2223 accommodated the poems of Ungok, and the lieutenant general accommodated the works of Sambong(三峰). Both works are based on Goryeo and are so famous that they appear naturally. Sijo 5445 accepted the Sijo of Ungok, but added a variation in expression to describe the sorrow of Manwoldae. Lastly, in the case of Sijo 5295, the poets of Ungok were accepted because the author was in the same situation as Ungok. However, I was able to confirm that it was not singing the national’s ‘fall’ like Ungok, but expressing the desire for the national ‘rise’. In Ungok’s 946 works, only the final chapter was accepted. In particular, Sijo 946 showed honor by using bamboo as a material, but Sijo 1229 and Sijo 445, which accepted this work, were characterized by using ‘chrysanthemum’ as the material. Ungok’s 1866 sijo describes the history of Umjareung in the first and middle chapters, and it was confirmed that it was accepted in only one work. Ungok accepted the tale of Um Jareung, because he needed to understand that he was living as a hermit. Sijo 1867 was the most perfect expression of ‘Eun-il’ by accommodating the Sijo of Ungok. As such, the three works of Ungok were accepted as the Sijo works of the 15th to 20th centuries, and the status of the Sijo of Ungok could be confirmed.

한지사 직물을 이용한 수의 제작 및 물성평가

권현주(Kwon Hyun-Ju) 한복문화학회 2008 韓服文化 Vol.11 No.3

Using shrouds has been a long lasting custom to pay respect for the dead. The best clothes among those worn while the dead was alive were chosen: officials were treated with official clothes that they wore while alive; ordinary people were treated with wedding clothes, the best ceremonial dress. Among the excavated remains of the first and middle period of Chosen were found the clothes that have left traces indicating that the dead had worn while alive. From the late period of Chosen, however, not a few shrouds were excavated which were newly made of good silk, revealing that shrouds were specially made instead of using the clothes that the dead had worn while alive. This paper reports the following results obtained by shroud production out of 100% Hanji yarn fabric and from the evaluation of material property on Hanji yarn fabric. Evaluations on fastness to various aspects revealed that fastness to washing is largely grade 4, which is relatively high; Fastness to dry cleaning and rubbing is above grade 4, which is very high; Fastness to light is grade 3, which, just like silk, is somewhat low but is not a problem for shrouds at all. Expected effects from the shroud production out of 100% Hanji yarn fabric are great. So far, in making shrouds, hemp cloth has tended to be preferred, thereby leading to a shortage of domestic hemp cloth and the import of cheap Chinese product. Thus Hanji shrouds are expected to be widely used as an ordinary dress, thereby replacing low quality Chinese product, and to be further developed into a high value-added product.

중인층 유배가사에 나타난 작자의식과 생활상

권현주(Kwon, Hyun-ju) 한국어문학회 2013 語文學 Vol.0 No.122

Among the exile lyrics, writers were revealed by middle class in 〈Maneonsa〉 and 〈Chaehwanjaejukga〉. 〈Maneonsa〉 was written in Jeongjo of the 18th century and 〈Chaehwanjaejukga〉 was written in Gojong of the 19th century, so both of them were written in the latter period of Joseon. This thesis intends to focus on writer’s awareness and lifestyle in 〈Maneonsa〉 and 〈Chaehwanjaejukga〉 so as to investigate characteristics of exile lyrics of middle class. Noblemen talk about crimes from an angle of rites such as disroyalty to King. On the contrary, people of middle class are recognize their concrete crimes. They showed an appearance of reflection by not only recognizing their crimes but also showing a strong regret for behaviors. Furthermore, it should be focused that they attach a protest for themselves while showing regrets and mentioning concrete accidents. In comparison with 〈Maneonsa〉, 〈Chaehwanjaejukga〉 shows the matters more splendidly. Exile lyrics in middle class show longing for exile rescinding by describing yearning for King(King and father). The wish for exile rescinding is expressed in 〈Maneonsa〉 more actively than 〈Chaehwanjaejukga〉. 〈Maneonsa〉 begs forgiveness for their crime plainly. 〈Chaehwanjaejukga〉 shows a will of self-reflection with atone of intelligence rather than talks about exile rescinding. The relations between island owner and writer start from residents’ unsatisfaction because his life became more tough because of the exile. However, the exile must adapt himself to residents’ life as he is a criminal. 〈Maneonsa〉 finally went begging and 〈Chaehwanjaejukga〉 finally refuse the suggestion of residents. It makes an effect on the living attitude of writer during the remained period of exile. In exile lyrics of middle school, though life of island is drawn by clothes, food and house. Clothes, food and house are described vividly and the situation and environment which are faced by them can be grasped.

특집 : 위구르의 역사와 문화 ; 서역 벽화를 통해 본 위구르 복식(服飾)에 관한 연구

권현주 ( Hyun Ju Kwon ) 중앙아시아학회 1998 中央아시아硏究 Vol.3 No.-

계녀가에 나타난 악녀의 형상과 그 특징

권현주(Kwon, Hyun-ju) 국어교육학회 2015 국어교육연구 Vol.59 No.-

This thesis is to reveal features and characteristics of the evil woman in Gyubanggasa and consider its features and characteristics in the Gyenyeoga. Works under this thesis are 10 ; <Gyonyoga>, <Gyubangjeonghoon> , <Gmssigyeneosa>, <Nabuga>, <Bokseonhwaeunga>, <Jikjungnok>, <Hangsin gyohoongira>, <Heoinga> and <Hoonminga>. This thesis sorted features of the evil w om an by standard of the boundary of the Gyenyeo items and of non -Gyenyeo ones. According to the Gyenyeo items is a total of 5 works; <Gyuibangjeonghoon>, <Bokseonhwaeumga> , <Jinjungnok>, <Yongbupyeon-Jeobuin> and <Hangsilgyohoongira>. These show 11 items of a typical lazy woman. The admonishment of the non-Gyenyeo items includes 6 works of <Nabooga>, <Heoinga>, <Hoonminga>, <Gyeonyeoga>, <Gimssigyeneosa> and <Yongboobyeon-Bbangdeokomi>. It’s divided by standard of admonishing weaving and chastity in to lazy woman and fornicating woman. The lazy woman includes <Nabooga>, <Heoinga> and <Hoonminga>. The fornicating woman includes 3 works of <Gyeonyoga>, <Gimssigyeonyeosa> and <Yongbupyeon-Bbangdeokomi>. The evil women in the Gyenyeoga are closely related with admonishment through woman-admonishing items being the basic pattern while admonishment th rough weaving work (lazy woman type) also admonishes weaving work with admonishment on weaving work. Admonishment through fornication (fornicating woman type) woman includes woman-admonishing woman items and weaving work while admonishing chastity through fornication.

일본어 모어 화자의 한국어 유음계열 종성의 지각과 조음

권현주(Kwon, Hyun-ju) 전남대학교 한국어문학연구소 2009 전남대학교 한국어문학연구소 학술지 어문논총 Vol.- No.20

척암(瘠菴) 이기경(李基慶)의 가사 연구

권현주(Kwon, Hyun-Ju) 한국어문학회 2017 語文學 Vol.0 No.137

Yi Kigyǒng(penname: Chǒ’gam) is a Confucian scholar, known for antiforeign attitude especially against Catholicism. He was sent into exile for three times, and during the first exile in 1791, he composed two poems of “Simjingok” and “Nangyusa” while staying in Kyǒngwǒn of the Hamgyǒng Province. As the both poems deal with his exile experiences, they have been categorized as “Pyǒgwi kasa”(Poems with a message of rejecting heterodoxy). This type of poems has drawn scholarly attentions due to the scarcity of the lyrics dealing with the theme of anti-Catholicism among many exile poems. This article, however, focuses on the characteristics of Yi’s poems and redefines them as exile poems. The investigation on the Yi’s social circumstances before and after the exile from November 1791 reveals that he has been isolated from the people during the exile. Yi was put into exile three times due to the following three reasons: First, he was punished, as he submitted his memorial to the king during the mourning period. The second case is related with the disagreement between the draft and the memorial composed by Yi. The third exile was triggered by the specific words and phrases Yi used in the memorial. He was accused of using vulgar and vicious expressions that were accused of violating the human decency. In “Simjingok,” Yi Kigyǒng intends to show his embodiment of The Doctrine of the Mean through a means of poems as public representation. The poem is structured into the two themes of the implementation of the orthodoxical study and the criticism against the foreign study. On the other hand, “Nangyusa” is a short poem, in which he rationalized his philosophical and political position with a reference of Mencius.

충북산 산채 4종(배암차즈기, 일당귀, 명월초 및 삼백초)의 영양성분 및 생리활성

엄현주,정유영,권누리,김기현,연은솔,윤향식,류용재,김인재,Eom, Hyun-Ju,Jeong, Yu Yeong,Kwon, Nu Ri,Kim, Ki Hyun,Yeon, Eunsol,Yoon, Hyang-Sik,Ryu, Yong-jae,Kim, In Jae 한국식품영양학회 2021 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.34 No.4

This study investigated on the nutritional components and physiological activity of four wild vegetables namely Salvia plebeia R. Br., Angelica acutiloba, Gynura procumbens and Saururus chinensis Baill for the development of representative wild vegetables in Chungbuk. Salvia plebeia possessed the highest radical scavenging activity and beta-carotene, but exhibited the lowest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared to the other three vegetables. Angelica acutiloba showed high crude protein content and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, but contained low total polyphenol content, radical scavenging ability and beta-carotene compared to the other three vegetables. Gynura procumbens showed high mineral content, beta-carotene, vitamin K1 content and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, but showed the lowest total polyphenol content and radical scavenging ability compared to the other three vegetables. Saururus chinensis showed high crude fiber content and total polyphenol content, but contained the lowest mineral and vitamin K1 content. To conclude, it is suggested to use Salvia plebeia or Saururus chinensis as antioxidant food materials and Angelica acutiloba and Gynura procumbens as food materials and sources of α-glucosidase inhibitors. In particular, it is believed that Saururus chinensis, which possessed high content of crude fiber, is suitable for low-calorie food materials such as diet products.

주요 접근가능한 주택디자인이 노년층의 이동장애와 주거만족도의 관계에 미치는 영향

권현주(Kwon, Hyun-Joo),황은주(Hwang, Eun-Ju) 한국실내디자인학회 2018 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.27 No.2

This study investigated whether housing accessibility plays a significant role in explaining the relation between mobility disability and residential satisfaction of seniors. Also, it identified people who are at greatest risk of mobility disability and living in homes without housing accessibility. We analyzed the 2011 American Housing Survey data with a sample of 20,089 households aged 55 and over living in single-family homes. Results show that although residential satisfaction decreased as mobility became more disabled, the key housing accessibility features were significant buffers against the negative impact of mobility disability on residential satisfaction. Seniors who were Black, low-income, housing-costs burden and renters in older housing in an urban area were more likely to have mobility limitations but fewer housing accessibility features. The moderating effect of housing accessibility on residential satisfaction was much greater for seniors with greater mobility disability. For vulnerable seniors living in an old single-family home, housing policymakers or local communities should consider home modification programs and services after evaluating housing accessibility.

Inhibition of Adipocyte Differentiation through G1 Arrest by Extract of Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Hyun-Young Jeong(정현영),Sook-Kyung Hyun(현숙경),Yung Hyun Choi(최영현),Byung-Woo Kim(김병우),Hyun-Ju Kwon(권현주) 한국생명과학회 2011 생명과학회지 Vol.21 No.9

산두근(Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep)은 예로부터 동양지역에서 전통적인 약용식물로 사용되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 3T3-L1 지방전구세포의 성숙지방세포로의 분화와 세포 내 지방생성에 대한 산두근 메탄올 추출물((STME)의 효과와 메커니즘에 대해 조사하였다. STME를 0-200 μg/ml의 농도로 처리한 다음, Oil Red O 염색으로 세포 내 축적되는 지방구와 지질의 양을 측정한 결과 농도의존적으로 크게 감소됨을 확인하였으며 3T3-L1 지방전구세포의 분화와 관련된 단백질의 발현의 변화를 조사하였다. 지방세포의 특이적 marker인 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), cytidine-cytidine-adenosine-adenosine-thymine (CCAAT)/enhancerbinding proteins α, β (C/EBPα, C/EBPβ) 그리고 sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)의 발현이 STME를 처리하였을 때 현저하게 저해됨을 확인하였다. 세포주기의 변화를 분석한 결과 STME는 지방세포 분화 초기 단계인 mitotic clonal expansion 단계에서 G1기로 세포주기를 정지시켰다. 더불어 G1 arrest와 관련된 단백질의 변화를 조사 한 결과, 3T3-L1 세포에 STME를 처리하였을 때 p21의 발현량이 확연하게 증가하였으며, Cdk2, E2F-1 그리고 phosphor-Rb의 발현량은 농도의존적으로 감소하였다. 이러한 결과들에 의하여 STME은 메탄올 추출물임에도 불구하고 3T3-L1 지방전구세포가 성숙지방세포로 분화할 때 G1 arrest를 통하여 지방세포 분화를 억제하며 관련 유전자의 발현 억제도 확연하게 확인할 수 있었으며, 이러한 결과는 항 비만 천연물 소재 탐구의 기초자료로 유용하게 쓰일 것으로 사료된다. Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in oriental regions since ancient times. In this study, the effect and mechanism of the MeOH extract of Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep (STME) on adipocite differentiation and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocites were investigated. Treatment with STME in the concentration range of 0-200 μg/ml significantly inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocites in a dose-dependent manner, as determined by a decrease in intracellular lipid droplets and lipid contents measured by Oil Red O staining. In association with the inhibitory effect of lipid accumulation, the expressions of the proteins concerned with adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocites were also investigated. Treatment with STME reduced the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), cytidine-cytidine-adenosine-adenosine-thymine (CCAAT)/enhancer-binding proteins α and β (C/EBPα and C/EBPβ) and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), which are adipocyte specific markers. In flow cytometry analysis, the inhibitory effect of differentiation was caused by G1 arrest and following mitotic clonal expansion cease. Therefore, we also investigated the alteration of G1 phase arrest-related proteins. As a result, the expression of p21 protein was significantly increased, while the expressions of Cdk2, E2F-1 and phospho-Rb were reduced in a dose-dependent manner in STME treated 3T3-L1 cells. According to these results, STME might inhibit differentiation through G1 arrest in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes adipogenesis, and further studies, which are in progress, have to be completed to identify the active compounds.