美聯邦 公務員法 改正의 意義와 特性에 관한 硏究

權哲賢 東亞大學校 1982 東亞論叢 Vol.19 No.1

The United States Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 which are proposed in S.2640 will constitute the most comprehensive reform of the federal work force since passage of the pendleton Act in 1883. Since that time total civilian employment has increased from approximately 131,000 to almost 2.9million employees of whom almost 93 percent work under a merit system. In 1977, the federal civilian payroll amounted to over $46million, more than 11 percent of federal outlays for that year. Despite the enormous growth in federal employment and the accompanying increase in the laws and regulations governing the civil service, no systematic congressional review or revision of the system has been attempted in close to 100 years. S.2640, as amended, is that long overdue, comprehensive reform. Throughout the American Civil Service Reform History-especially since 1883-there has been a tension between protections established to ensure that employees are hired and fired solely on the basis of their ability,and the need of managers and policy makers to have flexibility to perform their jobs. Frequently, this tension is expressed as the "Right of Employees" versus the "Need for Management Flexibility. "The public has a right to an efficient and effective goverment, which is responsive to their needs as perceived by elected officials. At the same time, the public has a right to a government which is impartially administered. One of the central tasks of the civil service reform bill is simple to express but difficult to achieve: Allow civil servants to be able to be hired and fired more easily, but for the right reasons. This bill should help to accomplish that objective. It is an important step towzrd making the government more efficient and more accountable to the American people. This study serves two purposes. The first purpose is to describe the process of U. S. Civl Service Reform Movement between 1933 and 1978. The second is to analyze especially the significance, characteristics and the problems of the CSRA. The following is a brief summary of the bill. The bill (1) codifies merit sysem principles and subjects employees who commit prohibited personnel practices to disciplinary action, (2) provides for an independent Merit System Protection Board and Special Council to adjudicate employee appeals and protect the merit system. (3) empowers a new Office of Personnel Magement to supervise personnel management in the executive branch and delegate certain personnel authority to the agencies, (4) establishes a new performance appraisal system and new standard for dismissal based on unacceptable performance, (5) streamlines the process for dismissing and disciplining federal employees, (6) creates a Senior Executive Service, which embodies a new sturcture for selecting, developing, and mamaging top-level federal executives, (7) provides a merit pay system for GS-13 to GS-15 managers, so that increases in pay are linked to the quality of the employees'performance, (8) authorizes the Office of Personnel Management to conduct research in public management and carry out demonstration projects that test new approaches to dederal personnel administration, (9) creates a statutory base for the improvent of labor-management relations, including the establishment in law of the Federal Labor Relations Authority.

새로운 100년의 시작을 위하여 - 한ㆍ일 강제병합 100년의 해에 미래를 생각한다-

권철현 한국외교협회 2010 외교 Vol.92 No.0

韓國都市化의 推移와 特性에 관한 硏究

權哲賢 東亞大學校 大學院 1980 大學院論文集 Vol.4 No.1

Urbanization is one of the urgent problem to be solved in all the nations. Since the Japanese occupation over the Korean penisular, It has been obviously progressed. Rapid growth and proliferation of cities cause the "urban crisis" with the regional unbalanced development. The high rate of immigration to urban areas is the most important factor which characterizes the Korean urbanization. That is the reason why the Korean urbanization is expressed as "the pseudo-urbanization". It means the urbanization without the industrialization. In order to grasp and cope with the problems many definitions of it are examined urban rate to the national population, increase of number of cities, and growth of urban population by city-size are used, as the analytical schemes, with the age classification. In this study I point at the Gab O Gyeong Jang (1884) which directly influenced the Korean modernization in a proper sense and begin with it. An age classification of the Korean urbanization stage and historical background. Part 1. which covers the period 1894 (Gab O Gyeong Jang)-1945 (Japanese control) Part 2. which deals with urbanization in south Korea the period 1945 (Liberation of the country)-1960. Part 3. which deals with the modernizing urbanization the period 1960-1978.

行政改革을 中心으로 한 美國의 公務員制度

權哲賢 東亞大學校 1981 東亞論叢 Vol.18 No.1

The United States Civil Service System was overall reformed by the President Carter in 1978 after the Civil Service Law of 1883. Throughout the American Civil Service Reform history-and especially since 1883-there has been a tension between protections established to insure that employees are hired and fired solely on the basis of their ability, and the need of managers and policy makers to have flexibility to perform their jobs. Frequently, this tension is expressed as the "Rights of Employees" versus the "Need for Management Flexibility." Carter Reform is a result of the Civil Service Reform Movement which was continued after the Pendleton Act. This study serves two purposes. The first purpose is to describe the process of U.S.Civil Service Reform in terms of the age classification as follows. The second is to analyze especially the contents and the characteristic of the Cater Reform. <Age Classification> The firstperiod (1789-1829); The first six presidents all tended to stress individual fitness for office as a very important concern in making appointments. The second period(1829-1865)are the maturation of the spoils system. Increasingly during this period, partisan activities became major qualification for public office. The period of 1865 to 1883 witnessed the beginning of a reform movement, culminating in the passage of the Pendleton Act which provided the framework for a merit system in federal public employment. In the period, from 1883 to 1932 considerable expansion occured until around 80 percent of federal employees were under the merit system. The period of 1933 to 1978 traced the emergence and development of modern public personnel administration, culminating in the passage of the Civil Service Reform Act. The years from 1978 to the present; The Civil Service Reform Act established the Office of Personnel Management instead of U.S. Civil Service Commission which was created in 1883 to deal with the Federal Personnel Administration and The Senior Executive Service, which embodies a new structure for selecting, doveloping, and managing top level Federal Executives. The Bill provides for an independent Merit System Protection Board and Special Counsel to adjudicate employee appeals and protect the merit system and creates a statutory base for the improvement of labor-management relations, including the establishment in law of the Federal Labor Relations Authority.

산청군 산림지가 형성요인에 관한 연구

권철현,이상태,신현철,최재채,정영관 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2003 농업생명과학연구 Vol.37 No.1

본 연구는 산청군 남부와 북부지역 361개소의 공시지가와 일반시가에 대하여 분석하였다. 지가 형성요인에 대하여 단계별 회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 남부지역에 대한 공시지가와 관련된 5변수 모형에 의한 추정식은 Y = 332.1973 +0.0099X_26 - 0.3577 X_8+ 0.0291X_24 - 2.6768X_2 - 26.1452X_3 이며, 회귀식에 대한 설명력은 90%로 높게 나타났으며, 일반시가에 대한 추정식은 Y = 1035.7976 -185.8280X_21 -3.3937X_1 + 405.6658X_19 -0.4703X_8 이며, 추정식에 대한 설명력은 92%롤 비교적 높게 나타났다. 북부지역에 대한 지가 형성요인에 의한 공시지가 추정모형은 Y = 176.7875 + 0.0205X_25 -0.1168X_8 + 0.0015X_26 -46.3447X_21 로 추정되었으며, 회귀식에 대한 설명력은 96%, 일반시가의 추정 모형은 Y = 203.0697 + 0.0430X_25 + 0.0027X_26 -28.8276X_4 -46.7856X_21 -0.0007X_23 으로 추정되었으며, 회귀식에 대한 설명력은 90%로 나타났다. 이상과 같이 접근요인은 부의 영향을, 그 외 다른 요인들은 지가에 양의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. This study was carried out to analyze the publicly announced land price and actual land price compared to the northern and southern region of 361 forest land place in Sanchung county. To decipher factors for making forest land price it used the stepwise regression analysis. And the result of analysis are followings; Y = 332.1973 +0.0099X_26 - 0.3577 X_8+ 0.0291X_24 - 2.6768X_2 - 26.1452X_3 (R^2=90%) and the estimation equation of actual price analyze the publicly announced and actual price compared to the northern and southern regions of Sanchung county of price was obtained as Y = 1035.7976 -185.8280X_21 -3.3937X_1 + 405.6658X_19 -0.4703X_8(R^2=92%). In the northern region, the estimation equation of publicly announced land price by the factors for making forest land price was obtained Y = 176.7875 + 0.0205X_25 -0.1168X_8 + 0.0015X_26 -46.3447X_21(R^2=96%) and the estimation equation of actual price was obtained as Y = 203.0697 + 0.0430X_25 + 0.0027X_26 -28.8276X_4 -46.7856X_21 -0.0007X_23(R^2=90%). In the result of the stepwise regression analysis, it was a showed negative effect of the proximity factor and the positive effect between others factor and land price.

都市下層社會硏究에 있어서 貧困의 文化論的 視角

權哲賢 東亞大學校 大學院 1987 大學院論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This study is designed to serve the following two purposes. As its title indicates, the first objective is to analyze and review a particular analytical perspectives, what is called the theory of 'Culture of Poverty' which Oscar Lewis, its foremost advocator, developed in the study of lower class in urban community. The second is to describe the various methodologiclal perspectives on the study of lower class in urban community not from the microscopic, individualistic viewpoint but also the macroscopic, socialstructureal one. In this connection, this paper concentrated all efforts to classify the kinds of appraches and perspectives, and to clarify the main stream of each approaches, and then, analyzed the basic propositions of logical sturcturing and the essential epistemological framework of the theory of 'Culture of Poverty' based on subculture concept for the preparation of a new ground to refine Oscar Lewis' perspectives. The general outline of this study is as follows: After tracing briefly the gists of the genealogy of problem discussed, this paper descried the background of problem conciousness and the reason why the theory of'Culture of Poverty' is the most necessary part for recent developement in the study of lower class in urban community especially in connection with the situation of developing countries, as an introduction in chapter Ⅰ. In chapter Ⅱ, this paper extended a more detailed discussion on the concept and key characteristics of 'Culture of Poverty' In this thesis, what is conserved witness was the strong points of this concept in the study of lower class in urban community. In chapter Ⅲ and Ⅳ, this paper reviewed in depth the disputes surrounding the theory of 'Culture of Poverty', namely the problems of validity of cultural perspective and the problems in practical application of the concept of culture. The utility criteria of the theory of 'Culture of Poverty' was the subject matter of chapter Ⅳ. Finally, in chapter Ⅴ, we dealt with the conclusion of this study as follows: In spite of many criticisms are directed the theory of 'Culture of Poverty', in so far as this concept can be used the categorization of slum, the utility of the perspectives on 'Culture of Poverty' in the study of lower class in urban community is more increased at all points.

제어이론 관점의 무인항공기 사이버-물리 보안 연구 소개

권철현 한국항공우주학회 2022 KSAS 매거진 Vol.16 No.1

동영상에서 시간 영역 정보를 이용한 자막 검출 알고리듬

권철현,신청호,김수연,박상희 대한전기학회 2004 전기학회논문지 D Vol.53 No.8(D)

A noble caption text detection and recognition algorithm using the temporal nature of video is proposed in this paper. A text registration technique is used to locate the temporal and spatial positions of captions in video from the accumulated frame difference information. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and robust. Also, a high processing speed is achieved since no time consuming operation is included.

fMRI를 이용하여 수지굴신운동(手指屈伸運動)과 조해(照海)(KI₆) 자침(刺鍼)에 의(依)한 대뇌운동피질(大腦運動皮質)의 활성변화(活性變化)에 관(關)한 비교(比較) 연구(硏究)

권철현,이준범,황민섭,윤종화,Kwon, Cheol-hyeon,Lee, Jun-beom,Hwang, Min-seob,Yoon, Jong-hwa 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.6

Introduction : Recent studies Suggested that there is a strong correlation between acupuncture stimulation and its related cortical activation. Anther study showed that either positive or negative BOLD effects could be observed depending on anatomical structure in acupuncture stimulation. In ttis study, we investigated a new acupoint $KI_6$ (照海), which was known as motor-related acupoint and obtained an evidence that the stimulation of $KI_6$ resulted in either negative or positive BOLD response to stimulation. Methods & Results : 1. Subjects and paradigms : Two separate stimulation paradigms were performed on five healthy (aged 22-23 yrs) in this study. First, the paradigm of acupuncture stimulation was that the acupuncture needle was inserted in acupoints $KI_6$, which is located in lateral side of the foot and then continuously twisted(補瀉를 除外한 捻轉法) for 70 seconds for 10 cycles of activation. During rest period (70 seconds), the needle was completed removed from acupoint. Total 60 cycles were performed and 10 images were obtained per cycle. Second, nonacupoint was randomly selected and the same paradigm was performed as acupoint stimulation. The stimulation protocol comprised 10 cycles of alternating. activation and rest (10 images per cycle). Total 60 cycles were performed and each cycle take about 1.5 sec for motor task. Subjects take an at least 15 minutes break before starting anther paradigm. 2. fMRI mapping : Multi-slice functional images were obtained on a 1.5T Magnetom Vision MRI scanner (Simens Medical, Erlangen, Germany) equipped with high performance whole-body gradients. The BOLD T2 * - weighted images were acquired with acho planar imaging sequence (TR = 1.2 sec, TE = 60 msec, and flip angle = $90_{\circ}$). The other sequence parameter are : FOV = 210 mm, matrix=$64{\times}128$ or $64{\times}64$, slice number=10 and slice thickness = 5 or 8 mm. the anatomic images were obtained with Spin-echo T1-weighted images. The resulting images were then anaiyzed with STIMULATE (CMRR, U. of Minnesota) to generate functional maps using a student T-test (p < 0.005) and cluster analysis. Both positive and negative response were evaluated. Conclusions : We have observed the activation of the motor cortex by stimulating motor-related acupoint ($KI_6$). Among five subjects, negative BOLD response was shown in four and positive response in one. All subjects showed positive response to conventional finger flexion-extension task. To understand the detailed mechanisms of correlation between acupuncture stimulation and BOLD fMRI changes and two typs of response, further study strongly required.

압축 영상에서 히스토그램 인터섹션을 이용한 점진적인 장면 전환의 구간 검출

권철현,한두진,이명호,박상희 대한전기학회 2005 전기학회논문지 D Vol.54 No.11-D

An algorithm detecting abrupt and gradual shot boundaries is proposed in this paper. The conventional methods detect abrupt shot boundaries well, but do not show good performance on gradual shot boundaries. The proposed method is based on the fact that the difference of the characteristic between frames is large when the shot conversion occurs. And the proposed method detects abrupt and gradual shot boundaries with one algorithm. Moreover, it detects not only position where gradual shot conversion occurs, but also the exact duration where gradual shot conversion occurs.Key Words - Abrupt Shot Boundary, Gradual Shot Boundary, Duration