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경찰단계의 형사조정제도 도입 필요성 및 방향에 관한 연구
구현자(Gu Hyun Ja) 사단법인 안전문화포럼 2018 안전문화연구 Vol.- No.3
이제는 우리나라 형사사법 절차 내에 새로운 패러다임으로 정착한 형사조정(Criminal Mediation)이 시행된 지 올해로 10년째를 맞이했으며, 그 운용 성과도 기대 이상으로 성공적이라는 평가를 받게 되었다. 일반적으로 형사조정은 ‘형사사건을 조정에 의뢰하고 그 결과를 사건처리 또는 판결에 반영하는 일체의 절차를 말한다. 여기서의 조정이란 중립적 위치에 있는 제3자가 사건 당사자를 중재하고 쌍방의 주장을 절충하여 화해에 이르도록 도와주는 것’이라고 일컬어진다. 오늘날 형사조정은 범죄피해자의 피해회복을 가장 중요시하고 있으며 아울러 피해자와 가해자의 관계회복을 도모하고 지역사회 내에서 발생한 분쟁의 해결에 지역사회의 참여를 권장하고 있다는 측면에서 형사조정은 회복적사법의 이념을 실천하는 대표적 프로그램으로 인정받고 있다. 회복적사법 프로그램은 분쟁에 개입하는 시기가 빠르면 빠를수록 피해회복이나 관계회복에 가장 효과적이라는 것에는 더 이상 이견은 없는 듯하다. 2008년에 형사조정을 경험한 사건 당사자들을 대상으로 실시한 형사조정제도의 실효성에 대한 평가 연구에서 형사조정을 경험한 사건 당사자들의 60.8%가 ‘형사조정제도가 경찰단계에서 실시하는 것이 좋다’라고 응답하였다. 또한 2015년에는 형사조정을 경험한 사건당사자들의 61.9%가 경찰단계에서 형사조정제도를 실시하는 것을 찬성하고 있다고 조사되었으나, 아직까지도 우리나라 전체 범죄건수의 90%이상을 사건 발생 초기에 수사를 담당하고 있는 경찰단계에서 형사조정제도가 시행되지 않고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우리나라 전체 범죄사건에 대한 현황 분석과 전문가 심층면접을 통하여 경찰단계의 형사조정제도 도입 가능성을 진단하였다. 그 결과를 토대로 경찰단계에서의 형사조정제도 도입 방안을 제안하고자 하였다. Since criminal mediation system at the prosecution level was introduced in 2007, a lot of criminal cases have been dealt through mediation process. Criminal mediation based on restorative justice paradigm received favorable evaluation among practitioners and scholars in that mediation process enables victim to overcome the traumas of crimes, offenders to genuinely feel remorse and compensate for the loss and damage of the victim, and criminal justice agencies to save cost and time. However, there has been an argument that criminal mediation system at the police level needs to be introduced, simply because police is the very first stage of the criminal justice system. Police level mediation process is expected to produce more effective outcomes than prosecution level mediation process. The purpose of the current study is to investigate whether criminal mediation system can be introduced at the police level. In order to achieve the goal of this study, current situation of criminal case processing, criminal mediation system at the prosecution level, restorative justice paradigm which provides theoretical basis of mediation system, research on the effectiveness of criminal mediation system, and restorative policing efforts in several countries are throughly reviewed. Although the research findings of this study has a limitation to be generalized by using qualitative interview method, it will provide useful preliminary information for introducing police level criminal mediation system.
구현식(Hyun?Sik, Gu) 한국정신과학학회 2012 韓國精神科學學會誌 Vol.16 No.1
『협길통의』는 명과학 저서로서 조선시대 잡과 시험과목으로 채택될 정도로 중요한 책이다. 그러나 오늘날 명리학사(命理學史) 또는 술수를 전문으로 하는 사람들은 이 책에 대해서 잘 알지 못함은 물론 연구도 잘 되지 않고 있다. 그것은 우리의 명리학이 자생적 논리를 갖추지 못하고 중국 명리학에 의존하고 있기 때문이다. 이를 극복하려는 것이 이 논문의 과제이다. 우선『협길통의』를 편찬할 때 참조한『협기변방서』『상길통서』 『천기대요』의 목록과 내용을 분석하여 인용 출처를 밝히는 서지적 연구에 주안점을 두었다. Hyupgiltongui was a book of the Myungri science in the Joseon Dynasty period. The book was chosen as a subject of the old state examination(gwageo) for pick out government official. But in the Korea of today Myungri science scholars or fortune?tellers do not recognize the value of this book. And they do not make effort to indagate it. We are not looking for autochthonic logic of Korean Myungri theory(Myungri science, Feng shui, Calendar etc.). Therefore we are going to overcome of its limitation through a study of Hyupgiltongui’s compilation.
신발육부전 및 자궁내막증을 동반한 흔적자궁각 선근증의 1례
구현진(Hyun Jin Gu),이성재(Seong Jae Rhee),서민정(Min Joeng Suh),최원준(Won Jun Choi),이순애(Soon Ae Lee),이종학(Jong Hak Lee),백원영(Won Young Paik) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.11
The unicornuate uterus is a rare type of the anomalous uteri, which is caused by failure of development of one of the mullerian ducts. This condition is usually associated with various degrees of rudimentary uterine horn. The unicornuate uterus with rudimentary horn is susceptible to many gynecologic and obstetric complications. Urinary tract anomalies, pelvic endometriosis, primary infertility are claimed to be common complaints in women with unicornuate uterus. We have experienced a case of rudimentary uterine horn adenomyosis associated with agenesis of ipsilateral kidney, pelvic endometriosis in a 13 years old girl. So we report this case with a brief review of literatures.
쿼세틴과 루틴을 담지한 양이온 리포좀의 특성조사 및 UVA에 대한 세포 보호 효과
구현아 ( Hyun A Gu ),김문진 ( Moon Jin Kim ),김해수 ( Hae Soo Kim ),하지훈 ( Ji Hoon Ha ),유은령 ( Eun Ryung Yu ),박수남 ( Soo Nam Park ) 한국공업화학회 2015 공업화학 Vol.26 No.2
Quercetin and its glycoside, rutin, are flavonoids, which are well known as natural antioxidants. In this study, cationic liposomes loaded with flavonoids (quercetin or rutin) were investigated for their effects on cell and skin permeability, and protective effects against UVA. The particle size of the empty cationic liposomes was in the range of 100∼130 nm, and the zeta potential was + 33.05 mV. The entrapment efficiency of 0.5R/CL was higher than that of 0.5 Q/CL. The cellular uptake of the cationic liposomes was five-fold higher than that of liposomes. The skin permeability of quercetin and rutin was investigated using Franz diffusion cells. Compared to the initial loading dose, the amount of quercetin or rutin delivered to the skin by cationic liposomes was higher than that delivered by conventional liposomes or phosphate-buffered saline. From the protective effect of cationic liposomes against UVA (25 J/cm2), we found that the cell viability in cationic liposomes containing flavonoids was higher than that of using UVA irradiation only. These results indicate that cationic liposomes provide enhanced delivery of flavonoids (quercetin and rutin) into the skin and may be used for antiaging and antioxidant cosmetics.
구현아 ( Hyun A Gu ),김해수 ( Hae Soo Kim ),김문진 ( Moon Jin Kim ),유은령 ( Eun Ryeong Yu ),조기정 ( Gi Jung Joe ),장진동 ( Jin Dong Jang ),김보현 ( Bo Hyeon Kim ),박수남 ( Soo Nam Park ) 한국공업화학회 2013 공업화학 Vol.24 No.6
In this study, ethosomes loaded with Eucommia ulmoides extracts that have anti-inflammatory and anti-aging activities on the skin were prepared as cosmetic materials. The particle size, physical property, and entrapment efficiency of ethosomes to identify their stabilities during 4 weeks were measured. Ethosomes containing 0.01∼0.05% E. ulmoides extracts did not show either precipitation or separation. The mean particle size of these ethosomes was 136.4 nm, and monodisperse. The particle size of ethosome containing 0.05% E. ulmoides extracts was 151.15 nm and the entrapment efficiency was 81.79%. Therefore, in vitro skin permeation experiment was performed with ethosome containing 0.05% E. ulmoides extracts that showed the high loading efficiency and stability during 4 weeks. The order of skin permeation of E. ulmoides extracts was ethosome (77.16%) > liposome (62.80%) > ethanolic solutoin (41.59%). These results suggest that ethosomes containing 0.05% E. ulmoides extracts are effective for the skin permeation and may be used as a cosmetic formulation containing plant extracts.