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구정태,김렬 대한정치학회 2009 大韓政治學會報 Vol.17 No.2
A large number of empirical studies show a mixed picture of the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic development. While strong support is drawn for a positive association (Yilmaz, 2000; Akai and Sakata, 2002; Desai, Freinkman & Goldberg, 2003; Feltenstein and Iwata, 2005; Iimi, 2005), there is also evidence suggesting that a negative or no such relationship exists nonexistent (Enikolopov and Zhuravskaya, 2003; Feld, Baskaran and Dede, 2004; Bodman and Ford, 2006; Feld, 2007). In this study we contribute to the ongoing discussion about the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic development, by addressing the criticisms of the previous bi-variate empirical studies and developing a model that links fiscal decentralization with economic development in direct/indirect channels. Based on maximum likelihood estimation using AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures), we empirically investigated how fiscal decentralization relates directly and, more importantly, indirectly to economic development. The structural equation modeling analysis demonstrates partial support for the proposed model, in which fiscal decentralization affects economic development through macroeconomic conditions and the “basic components of growth equations.” This result shows the possibility that fiscal decentralization, as Bahl and Linn (1992) noted, was not an outcome or a by-product of economic development, but rather a key element to increase efficiency, transparency, and accountability in the public sector. A large number of empirical studies show a mixed picture of the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic development. While strong support is drawn for a positive association (Yilmaz, 2000; Akai and Sakata, 2002; Desai, Freinkman & Goldberg, 2003; Feltenstein and Iwata, 2005; Iimi, 2005), there is also evidence suggesting that a negative or no such relationship exists nonexistent (Enikolopov and Zhuravskaya, 2003; Feld, Baskaran and Dede, 2004; Bodman and Ford, 2006; Feld, 2007). In this study we contribute to the ongoing discussion about the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic development, by addressing the criticisms of the previous bi-variate empirical studies and developing a model that links fiscal decentralization with economic development in direct/indirect channels. Based on maximum likelihood estimation using AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures), we empirically investigated how fiscal decentralization relates directly and, more importantly, indirectly to economic development. The structural equation modeling analysis demonstrates partial support for the proposed model, in which fiscal decentralization affects economic development through macroeconomic conditions and the “basic components of growth equations.” This result shows the possibility that fiscal decentralization, as Bahl and Linn (1992) noted, was not an outcome or a by-product of economic development, but rather a key element to increase efficiency, transparency, and accountability in the public sector.