한국인이 선호하는 음식점 한식 및 간편식품과 빵류의 비타민 B12 함량분석 연구

곽충실,박준희,조지현 한국영양학회 2012 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.45 No.6

There is a limitation to estimate vitamin B12 intake due to the lack of data on vitamin B12 content of Korean commercial foods. In this study, vitamin B12 content was determined in favorite Korean restaurant foods, convenient or instant foods, fast foods and bakery products through a modified microbioassay using Lactobacillus delbrueckii ATCC 7830. Bulgogi and seafood & green pepper griddle had high vitamin B12 content, 3.50 and 2.96 μg/100 g, respectively. Pork suyook, pork griddle and pollack griddle had 0.48, 0.31 and 0.32 μg/100 g of vitamin B12, respectively. In stew, soft-tofu stew with seafood and doenjang stew with seafood had relatively high vitamin B12 content, 1.93 and 1.44 μg/100g, respectively. Bibimbap and 4 different types of rice porridge, beef & mushroom, chicken & ginseng, seafood or abalone, had 0.36, 0.08, 0.09, 1.64 and 0.13 μg/100g of vitamin B12, respectively. One serving of haejanggguk, yookejang, chuotang and galbitang had 5.97, 2.04, 2.63 and 1.91 μg of vitamin B12, respectively. One serving of samgetang and sulongtang had 2.89 μg and 6.64 μg of vitamin B12. In noodles, one serving of cram noodle soup, bibim-nangmyeon, and mul-nangmyeon had 18.8, 1.21 and 0.38 μg of vitamin B12, respectively. One regular gimbap and one triangle gimbap contained 1.09-2.53 and 0.54-1.11 μg of vitamin B12, respectively. One cheese-burger, chicken-burger and bulgogi-burger had 0.76, 0.62 and 0.54 μg of vitamin B12, respectively. A plain bagel and a waffle contained 0.13 and 0.17 μg/100g of vitamin B12, respectively. Ready-made tomato sauce or cream sauce for spaghetti in a retort pouch contained only a trace of vitamin B12. In conclusion, these results should contribute to improving the present food vitamin B12 content database, most of which were cited from foreign data, thereby it could be helpful to estimate the vitamin B12 intake of Koreans more accurately than before. It will also provide new information for dietary education related to vitamin B12 and health.

전라도 일부농촌지역 여성 노인의 혈중 비타민 $B_{12}$ 수준에 따른 신체계측치 및 임상건강지표들의 비교

곽충실,조지현,연미영,Kwak, Chung Shil,Cho, Ji Hyun,Yon, Miyong 한국영양학회 2013 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.46 No.3

Subclinical vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency is common in the elderly worldwide. We investigated the change of serum vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration with aging and compared anthropometric data and clinical health indicators between normal (${\geq}$ 340 pg/mL) and low (< 340 pg/mL) serum vitamin $B_{12}$ groups in 470 Korean women aged 65 years and over living in a rural area. Serum vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration showed inverse correlation with age (r = -0.0992, p < 0.05). The normal $B_{12}$ group showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit compared to the low $B_{12}$ group, however, no difference in mean corpuscular volume was observed between the two groups. The normal $B_{12}$ group showed significantly lower serum homocysteine concentration (p < 0.01) and prevalence of vitamin D (p < 0.01) or folate deficiency (p < 0.001). Bone mineral density (T-score) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the normal $B_{12}$ group, compared with that in the low $B_{12}$ group, and showed positive correlation (r = 0.1490, p < 0.01) with serum vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration after adjusting for age, body weight, and body mass index. No differences in anthropometric data, physical activity, and smoking and drinking habits were observed between the two groups. In conclusion, it could be suggested that older female adults with normal serum vitamin $B_{12}$ level would be less anemic and osteoporotic and more resistant to hyperhomocysteinemia associated chronic diseases than those with low serum vitamin $B_{12}$ level.

Perilla Leaf, Perilla frutescens, Induces Apoptosis and G1 Phase Arrest in Human Leukemia HL-60 Cells Through the Combinations of Death Receptor-Mediated, Mitochondrial, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Pathways

곽충실,여의주,Sung Chae Moon,Young Wha Kim,Hong Ju Ahn,Sang Chul Park 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.3

Since it has been reported that Perilla leaves (Perilla frutescens) have antimutagenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesized that Perilla leaves may have a potential anticancer activity. Therefore, we examined the possibility that cancer cell growth is reduced by treatment with a Perilla leaf ethanol extract (PLE) using human leukemia HL-60 cells and then investigated the mechanism of the growth inhibition. We found that PLE treatment suppressed cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that PLE treatment caused the appearance of a sub-G1 DNA peak and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. We detected DNA ladders in PLE-treated cells by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the cleavage of pro-caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase with remarkable activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3. Western blot analysis revealed dose-dependent increases in Bax and cytochrome c in cytosol fractions and decreased Bid and pro-caspase-8 and -3 in PLE-treated cells. In addition, glucose-regulated protein 78, phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit α, phosphorylated c-jun N-terminal kinase, and p21 levels were increased by PLE treatment in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the p27 level was not changed. We concluded that PLE induced apoptosis through the combinations of mitochondrial, death receptor-mediated, and endoplasmic reticulum pathways and suppressed the cell proliferation via p21-mediated G1 phase arrest in HL-60 cells.

Doenjang, a Fermented Soybean Paste, Decreased Visceral Fat Accumulation and Adipocyte Size in Rats Fed with High Fat Diet More Effectively Than Nonfermented Soybeans

곽충실,박상철,Kye Yong Song 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.1

Soybean is known to have an anti-obesity effect. We compared the anti-obesity effect of doenjang, a fermented soybean paste, with that of nonfermented soybeans in rats. Steamed soybeans and doenjang (steamed soybeans fermented and aged for 10 months) were sampled and freeze-dried. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed basal (BA) (5% fat), high fat (HF)(30% fat), HF + steamed soybeans (SOY), or HF + doenjang (DJ) diet ad libitum for 8 weeks. HF significantly increased body weight gain, liver weight, hepatic triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol levels, and epididymal fat pad weight compared with BA. Compared with HF, body weight gain and hepatic TG and cholesterol levels were significantly lower in SOY and DJ groups,but they were not significantly different from each other. DJ significantly reduced visceral fat weight and epididymal adipocyte size compared with HF, whereas SOY resulted in a mild reduction without significance. This was possibly because DJ showed lowered fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity and elevated carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)-1 activity in liver tissue more than SOY. SOY and DJ did not affect serum total and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels compared with HF; however, DJ significantly lowered the atherogenic index and serum leptin level. In conclusion, doenjang, a fermented soybean product, was more effective than soybeans for preventing diet-induced visceral fat accumulation, possibly because of its greater effects on CPT-1 activity stimulation and FAS activity suppression. These effects may be due in part to the higher content of aglycone isoflavones in doenjang.

N -3 , N -6 불포화지방산의 섭취가 간 microsome 의 지질과 산화 , Prostaglandin 생성속도 및 발암물질대사에 미치는 영향

곽충실,최혜미 생화학분자생물학회 1990 90년도 학술대회 초록 Vol.- No.-

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Induced Tibial Bone Loss and Resulted in Osteopenia in Growing Young Male Rats

곽충실,송계용,박상철 한국영양학회 2005 Nutritional Sciences Vol.8 No.2

To determine the deleterious effects of chronic alcohol consumption on bone especially in adolescents or young adults, 8 week-old Sprague Dawley male rats were fed with Lieber-Decarli ethanol liquid diet, containing 36% of energy as ethanol, ad libitum(ethanol group) or isocaloric normal liquid diet (control group) for 7 weeks. Body weight was significantly lower in ethanol group than that in control group after 1 week of feeding to the end. Liver weight and the ratio of liver or kidney weight to body weight in ethanol group were significantly increased when compared to those in control group. Ethanol group showed significantly lower serum protein and albumin levels (p<0.05), higher total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels (p<0.05), and AST, ALT and BUN activities than control group, but serum triglyceride, Ca and phosphate levels were not different. Ethanol group had significantly lower tibial trabecular bone area and serum osteocalcin level than control group (p<0.05), but urinary Ca and NTx (cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen) concentrations and serum testosterone and parathyroid hormone levels were not different. In conclusion, chronic alcohol consumption in growing young male rats may result in osteopenia through the reduction of bone formation as well as liver malfunction.

DHEA 와 어유의 단기투여가 초래하는 흰쥐 간조직의 퍼옥시좀 증식과 산화적손상과의 관계

곽충실,박상철 한국지질동맥경화학회 1998 韓國脂質學會誌 Vol.8 No.2

Erratum: 달맞이순 (Oenothera laciniata) 에탄올 추출물 섭취가 고지방식이로 유도한 비만 마우스에서 항산화 및 비만억제효과

곽충실,김미주,김선기,박순영,김인규,강흔수,Kwak, Chung Shil,Kim, Mi-Ju,Kim, Sun Gi,Park, Sunyeong,Kim, In Gyu,Kang, Heun Soo 한국영양학회 2020 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.53 No.6

Rosa multiflora Thunb Flower Extract Attenuates Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging in Skin Cells and Hairless Mice

곽충실,양지원,신창엽,정진호 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.9

Ethanol extract (RET) of Rosa multiflora Thunb flowers and its subfractions in ethylacetate (REA) or n-butanol subfractions (RBT) were reported to have potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated if those Rosa multiflora flower (RMF) extracts prevent ultraviolet (UV)-induced biochemical damages leading to photoaging. In keratinocyte or dermal fibroblasts, RET, REA, and RBT treatments with UV irradiation significantly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 levels through suppression of nuclear factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinases. In the animal experiment, mice were orally supplemented with RET (RET group) or REA and RBT mixture (RM group) for 10 weeks, concomitantly with UV exposure. Tumor necrosis factor alpha production and MMP-13 expression were reduced in the mouse skin of RET and RM groups compared with those in the UV control (UVC) group. UV-induced IL-6 production and epidermal thickening were reduced in RM group compared with those in UVC group. Eight phenolic compounds, including quercitrin (quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside), were identified in RMF extracts. Quercitrin treatment to dermal fibroblasts significantly attenuated an increase of MMP-1 expression and a decrease of type I procollagen expression caused by UV. Collectively, RMF extracts showed protective effects from UV-induced photoaging in the skin through suppression of ROS generation, proinflammatory cytokine production, and MMP expression. Quercitrin is suggested to be one of the effective compounds.

달맞이순 (Oenothera laciniata) 에탄올 추출물 섭취가 고지방식이로 유도한 비만 마우스에서 항산화 및 비만억제효과

곽충실,김미주,김선기,박순영,김인규,강흔수 한국영양학회 2019 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.52 No.6

Purpose: Sprouts of evening primrose (Oenothera laciniata, OL) were reported to have high contents of flavonoids and potent antioxidant activity. This study examined the antioxidant and antiobesity activities of OL sprouts to determine if they could be a natural health-beneficial resource preventing obesity and oxidative stress. Methods: OL sprouts were extracted with 50% ethanol, evaporated, and lyophilized (OLE). The in vitro antioxidant activity of OLE was examined using four different tests. The antiobesity activity and in vivo antioxidant activity from OLE consumption were examined using high fat diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6 mice. Results: The IC 50 for the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities of OLE were 26.2 μg/mL and 327.6 μg/mL, respectively. OLE exhibited the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activity of 56.7 μg ascorbic acid eq./mL at 100 μg/mL, and an increased glutathione level by 65.1% at 200 μg/mL compared to the control in the hUC-MSC stem cells. In an animal study, oral treatment with 50 mg or 100 mg of OLE/kg body weight for 14 weeks reduced the body weight gain, visceral fat content, fat cell size, blood leptin, and triglyceride levels, as well as the atherogenic index compared to the high fat diet control group (HFC) (p < 0.05). The blood malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the catalase and SOD-1 activities in adipose tissue were reduced significantly by the OLE treatment compared to HFC as well (p < 0.05). In epididymal adipose tissue, the OLE treatment reduced the mRNA expression of leptin, PPAR-γ and FAS significantly (p < 0.05) compared to HFC while it increased adiponectin expression (p < 0.05). Conclusion: OLE consumption has potent antioxidant and antiobesity activities via the suppression of oxidative stress and lipogenesis in DIO mice. Therefore, OLE could be a good candidate as a natural resource to develop functional food products that prevent obesity and oxidative stress.